Virunga - Park National ka Democratic Republic of the Congo. Tlhaloso ea limela le liphoofolo. Parks National oa Democratic Republic of the Congo: lethathamo

Ka le moeli oa Uganda le Rwanda, e ka bochabela Congo, ho ke ke e mong oa libaka UNESCO World Heritage - Virunga. National Park ke khale ka ho fetisisa Afrika. E le aloang fetang sebakeng se km lisekoere 7800, haufi le homonymous sehlopha ha seretse se chesang le lefika ka lehlakoreng le leng 'me e tummeng letšeng Kivu tse ling. tšimong eo ho kenyeletsa lesabasabeng le meru, Moors le liphula, foqoha seretse se chesang le mafolo-folo le leqhoa tse koahetsoeng ke litlhōrō tsa Rwenzori lithaba, matša a hloekileng le sehlabeng seretse se chesang. Ke lehae la ho fetang kotara ea ho pholoha mefuta ea likorilla lithaba, e mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela ea lithuhlo - okapi le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata, linonyana le dimela.

phakeng

A pharaletseng a naha e akaretsa sebaka sa ho tloha Lake Kivu ho Semliki River (nete hore bohareng) karolong e ka bophirimela ea moeling oa sebaka East ea molato le ea Afrika. Territory otlolla le tlas'a maemo a arotsoe ka mafapha a mararo:

• Northern - le lithabeng le lehloa litlhōrō Rwenzori, ices eo ba e mong oa mehloli e ka sehloohong ea metsi fepa Nile; ke mona hammoho phuleng noka. Semliki ka ea kopana le okapi;
• lefapha la bohareng e kenyeletsa Lake Edward le lithoteng tsa Ishasha, Rutshuru le Rwindi, ke setsi se seholo sa tšoane ha mefuta e meng ea linonyana le liphoofolo, ho akarelletsa le palo ea baahi e khōlō ea litlou, likubu, joalo-joalo.;
• lefapha la Southern akarelletsa ho foqoha seretse se chesang seretse se chesang se sehlabeng Nyiragongo Nyamuragira le tse hlokehang, hammoho le litlhōrō tse ling tse Virunga ketane; ho fetisisa tsa sebaka seo se koahetsoe ke meru e teteaneng ho na le likorilla lithaba le mefuta e meng e mengata ea litšoene.

Facts tloha historing ea phakeng

Ka lekhetlo la pele ka sebōpeho hloekileng ba ntho e tsebahalang kajeno e le Virunga (National Park ka nako eo), ba tobana le ka 1902, Jeremane ea lebotho la motsamaisi O. Bering, ba nakong ea tsoma kamehla haufi le tlhōrōng ea thaba korilla bolaoa Sabino boholo bo kgolo haholo. Nakong e fetileng ho ne ho nahanoa hore ba ka lula mona ka ha ho joalo. Hunter etsa tlhahiso ea hore ke mefuta e ncha, kahoo, o ile a romela le rasaense ea phoofolo bolaoa ke masapo Jeremane. Bapisa le human anatomy ba mefuta e sa tsebahalang ea litsoene tsoang Afrika le ho romela lintho tse bonahalang, ba ile ba fumana ho se tšoane morphological tsa lintlha tse 34. Selemo hamorao, phoofolo ne a hlalosoa ka mofuputsi Paul Machi, empa ka lilemo tse latelang tse 20 tsa mosebetsi oa ka ho ithuta subspecies le lecha khaotsa. Ena e hlalosoa ka boemo bo rarahaneng geopolitical le boemo ba sa tsitsang ba tšimong eo.

Ka 1921 o ile a ea thabeng leeto eteletsoe pele ke taxidermist American le tlhaho moseti Karlom Eykli. O ile a amohela tse hlano liphoofolo tse ka lekarecheng tsa musiamo, empa ka lebaka e khōlō ea mosebetsi oohle oa hae e ne e se ka ho eona. Tsa Mona le likorilla tse hlollang, o ithutile lintho tse ngata tsa litšobotsi boitshwaro, ho fumanoe hore ba phela ka lihlopha lelapa tsitsitseng le botlamuoeng ka 'na ua lahleha ntle beng ka bona. Ha a bontša hore le hore palo ea bona ke ha ho joalo e moholo, kahoo liphoofolo tse hlokang tšireletso le pholosa habitats tlhaho. Re ka re hore ena e ne e le qalo ea ho thehoa ha boemo ba ba khethehileng ba sebakeng se tsa tlhaho e le Virunga. National Park e ile ea buloa ka 1925 'me ka nako eo jereng lebitso la King Albert. meeli ea lona ho ba hlalosoa Eykli le batho ka bomong e kenyeletsa libakeng tsohle leo ho ahiloeng ho ke likorilla. lebitso la lona ho qetela phakeng fumanoa ka 1969, hoo e ka bang lilemo tse leshome ka mor'a ho fumana boipuso of Congo.

Mefuta ea liphoofolo ka pokello ea

Botlaaseng ba phakeng le paballo lona e inextricably amahanngoa le likorilla lithaba, e le ho ke ke, mohlomong, le baahi ka sehloohong, o ile a sireletsa le ho hlokomela sohle se matleng a le trepidation. Ba le haufi le ho fela. Great monehelo tlhaho tse entsoeng D. Fossey ea ileng a bolaoa ke masholu a liphoofolo serapeng sa boikhathollo ka 1985. bohato eketsehileng ka polokeho ea mefuta e 'maloa ea thuso ea ho ntlafatsa boemo boo, empa e ncha sesole kgohlano ka 2008 se ile sa etsa ho inkela ka mahahapa ea ntlo-khōlō ea sebakeng seo o ile a sireletsa. Likorilla nakong e tlang e ne e hang hape tlas'a tšokelo ho tswa ho senngoa ha meru khōlō. tšenyo e khōlō ho ne ho etsoa, 'me tsohle liphoofolo tse hlaha ka kakaretso. libakeng tse sireletswa, haholo-holo meru le lesabasabeng - ke lehae la linare le litlou, lithuhlo, lichimpanzi, warthogs, antilopen, litau, mangau, joalo-joalo tsa Congo - .. The naheng feela lefatšeng moo okapi lulang (tšoantšetsoang mona ka tlase) - hoofed Pet tsa giraffidae lelapa.

palo ea okapi e hantle se tsebahala, kaha liphoofolo li patela haholo le lihlong, empa ke khakanyo e kaba e 10 ho isa ho 20 tse sekete batho ka bomong. History tsa sibolloa ha mokgwa o fetohile hoo e ka bang ka sehloohong zoological boikutlo ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. Okapi - moahi ea meru le e tsamaisoa ka ho toba seo makhasi a sona e le ka mafolofolo ho rema lifate deprives mo eseng feela ha ba le lapeng, empa hape lijo. Le le bothata ba ho liketso tsa batho, e seng feela liphoofolo tsena. Ka lilemo tse 45 palo ea likubu e fokotseha ka hoo e ka bang 30 linako tse ling, linare - ka 40 African morung tlou - 10.

Linonyana le lihahabi

Ka boholo tsa pokello ea baka mefuta e fetang 800 ea linonyana, 25 ba bona ba tloaelehile haholo ho ka ho feletseng kae kapa kae ka lefatše le ke keng fumana hlola. Haufi le metsi 'me ka mokhoabo oo, u ka bona cormorants, bitterns, ibises, skimmer, darters, phakoe e jang litlhapi, warblers, baemeli kitoglavov ploceidae. Libakeng gogo leo ho ahiloeng ho ke mefuta e sa tloaelehang tse kang Sunbird Rockefeller pestrogrudka kgolo, bananoedy le blackbirds Oberlander. Ba baemeli ba sehlopha sa ba lihahabi tse hangata ka ho fetisisa a fumanoa pythons, bo-marabe, ho Jameson mamba, o motsho e sataletseng tsoela ka mathe masumu, Nile ho hlokomela le ho e leng koena, se hlahileng hape ka metsi a Semliki River ha nako e telele e fetileng.

Baahi ba linōka le matša

Bonahala kholo haholo 'mapeng, Lake Edward Of' mele kaofela e khōlō ea metsi Africa ke tlaase-tlaase. Sebaka sa metsi a holim lona - ka 2325 km lisekoere, e sebakeng sa bophahamo ba limithara tse ka 920. Palo e kahodimodimo botebo e beha ka hare ho limithara tse 12, empa ka ha e le hantle, ka karolelano -. 17 limithara Ke sa tebang, kahoo u se ke ua fapana kgolo haholo mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi, haholo-holo le laoloa ke mefuta e ho tloha le lelapa la cichlids. Ba na le mefuta e fapaneng e khōloanyane ea boholo bo - ho tloha cm, 2,5 ho ea ho 1 m - le dibopeho mele. Leha ho le joalo, baahi ba oona ba ka sehloohong ke letho empa litlhapi le likubu (bona photo photo photo photo. Ka holimo), e ea isang seka-metsing phela ka eona. liphoofolo tse Huge (bekha ho fihlela ho lithane tse 4) le boikutlo botsitso, 'me "babe" le ditlhaka tse ling ho feta be mabifi, haholo, ke le haufi le ho fela. Hoo e ka bang halofo ea lekholong la lilemo la, palo ea bona e fokotseha hoo e ka bang 95% ba lumela hore palo e tšosang. nama phoofolo e telele 'nile ea sebelisoa ke batho ba moo bakeng sa lijo, le manaka lona bohlokoa ho feta manaka tlou, ke hobane'ng ha ho na le ho joalo ho atile bosholu ba.

meroho lefatše

limela le pokello ke sa tšoaneng haholo. Ena e hlalosoa ka 'nete ea hore Virunga - National Park, eo e tšela ka libaka tse' maloa biogeographic. Ka tšimo eo ho na le tse fetang 2000 mefuta ea limela. Foothill le likhohlo ke sebaka puso ea litlama ho tloha undersized ho phahameng, tabeng ea pele e laoloa lijo-thollo, tse kang Imperata cylindrica. Ho na le boetse ho na le lifate le 'ngoe: .. Gingerbread sefate Adanson, baobab tree baobab, joalo-joalo Shrub lesabasabeng le meru ba haholo-holo le tletse leoka le combretum, e leng tse ngata ka ho khetheha haufi Lake Edward. Sebakeng mabopong a loli tse tloaelehileng, ho tloaelehile hore batho lehlaka, nutsedge. Butle-butle nkeloa sebaka ke meru lesabasaba le teteaneng sa finyellehe habonolo pula, haholo-holo karolong e ka leboea, halofo ea eona e teng holim'a limithara 1800-2300 holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle. Ho na le o hōla hlaha sefate sa palema, lehlaka, 'me ka holim'a 3000 m - megaphyllous, Erica arborea, nogoplodnik le ba bang.

phakeng foqoha seretse se chesang

Karolong e ka boroa ea serapa ke mokhoa o sa fellang khurumeditsweng seretse se chesang se sehlabeng tsa foqoha seretse se chesang Virunga massif. O feta naheng ea linaheng tse tharo, bophahamo ba eona e - 4,5 km SE. The ketane lithaba na foqoha seretse se chesang tse robeli, tse peli tsa tse sebakeng Congo. Seretse se chesang se sehlabeng thehoa ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa bona o mafolofolo, ka mor'a ho fihla holim 'a palo e khōlō ea basalt seretse se chesang. Nyamuragira foqohang seretse se chesang e nkoa e le ba mafolofolo ba ho fetisisa ka k'honthinente kaofela. Kaha e ile a qala bakeng sa hlokomela lekhopho hlahile makhetlo a 35. Seretse se chesang se sehlabeng lula sebakeng se seng 1.5 sq M.. km SE. Bobeli foqohang seretse - Nyiragongo (tšoantšetsoang ka holimo), ho tloha 1882 ho holim 'a seretse se chesang se ka qhoma makhetlo a 34. Mosebetsi fetisisa a sebetsang a ne a tlalehiloe ka 1977, ho ne ho se ka ntle ho mahlatsipa batho.

ho sireletsa likorilla

limela le liphoofolo tsa Virunga pokello ba bangata ba a fumanoa seoelo kapa tloaelehile haholo, empa a tsitsinkela ke a ntse a le likorilla lithaba, tse hona joale tlas'a tšokelo ea ho fela. Boemo bona bo e thatafatsoa ke kamehla kgohlano hlometseng sebakeng seo. Likhukhuni le masholu a liphoofolo bolaea ha feela liphoofolo tse empa mr go. Ho joalo, ka 2007, letsatsi le le leng bolaea lelapa lohle le ea likorilla ka motho ka mong tse hlano. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, boemo bo ntlafetse hanyenyane, haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho mosebetsi ea inehetseng oa mr go ba ho toba le ipeha kotsing bophelo ba bona ho boloka sebaka sena tlhaho. All sena, ya e le hantle, ho hloka e le dipeeletso tsa motse-moholo oa lefatše lohle. Karolo tsoa World Wide Fund bakeng sa lintho tsa tlhaho, karolo e itseng e tlisoa ke ho indasteri e bohahlauli le la puso ka boeona. Ka mafolofolo thusa serapeng sa boikhathollo le mekhatlo poraefete. Baeta-pele ba kamehla le loketse ho amohela thuso leha e le efe ho ka khonehang - ho tloha thepa le lijo ho e fetisetsa lichelete. Ka sebele ea ho kenyelletswa ka ho hahoa ha terata ea motlakase, e leng lumella ho sireletsa libaka tse sirelelitsoeng tsa tlhaho ho tloha intrusion tsa masholu a liphoofolo le baeti ba bang ba sa batleheng.

sireletsa litlou

Tsena ke tse khōlō, le matla le bohlale haholo liphoofolo, oddly ho lekaneng, ba pepesehetseng litlhaselo tsa hae haholo. Forest litlou, hammoho le likorilla lithaba, ka bitsoa baahi ka sehloohong Virunga phakeng. Seng molaong ho rekisa ka manaka manaka a tlou 'me baka tšenyo ka ho teba ka ho baahi ba liphoofolo tsena. Park gamekeeper reteleha bakeng sa thuso e le hore lefatše lohle, ba ile ba ba loketse ho kena ntoa e khahlanong le masholu a liphoofolo, empa e hloka lithunya le liaparo, thepa. bophelo ea bohlokoa ea e mong le e phoofolo, chelete e ngata e ile a qeta ho akarelletsa le bakeng sa kalafo ya maqeba a le ba qhoalileng. Bo-rasaense ba 'nile ba bontša hore liphoofolo bonolo hore poso-sithabetsang khatello ea kelello ho hloka taolo, tšoanang le se etsahalang ho batho. Ho phaella ho kalafo, litlou hloka tsosoloso, kapa ba ba ba mabifi, ho se tsitse maikutlong le kotsi le mohlape oohle ka kakaretso.

Lintja-lilateli

Bloodhound ntja bakang tsebahala ka kutloisiso e 'ngoe e babatsehang oa ho fofonela le bokhoni ba ho udavlivat tselaneng. Phoofolo e khone ho fumana hore na o khathollang a lakatsa a ba bang ba limilione tse hlano, e le hore ho boloka tlaleho ea batho, esita le ka ho sebaka thata. Naheng ea serapeng sa boikhathollo se a pharaletseng a le hape tse fapa-fapaneng haholo ka sebaka: lithabeng tseo (Ruwenzori, Virunga), sehlabeng seretse se chesang, lithota le lesabasabeng, mekhoabong le matša. Ho bohlokoa ho ipokellela mehloli tsohle e le hore ho boloka sengoathoana ena e ikhethang ea tlhaho. ikatisa morero le tšebeliso ea lintja ka Virunga phakeng ho sireletsa le ho e le bloodhounds eteletsoe pele ke Dr. Marlene Zahner. Ka ho finyella lipakane tsa lona ka tsela efe kapa efe, kahoo ho sebetsa 'moho le lihlopha tsa batho le Bloodhound ke e atlehang haholo le tsoela molemo.

ea sechaba lirapeng tsa boikhathollo tse ling tsa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore libakeng tse ka tieo o ile a sireletsa lula 15% ya sebakeng kakaretso ea naha, ba bangata ba bona, ho lebitso feela ka ho fetisisa tsa motheo le akaretsang.

1. Garamba - serapeng sa boikhathollo ka leboea-bochabela ea naha, e mong oa khale ka ho fetisisa Afrika, sebaka seo - limithara tse lisekoere 4480. km SE. Karolong e ka leboea e fokolang ho lesabasabeng le makhulong le joang telele, haufi le boroa, ba tloswa ke moru tlaase pele joale e ntan'o ba la gallery le meru tropike. Serapeng sa boikhathollo feela lilemo tse seng kae tse fetileng ke ne ke lula le pono buka e ikhethang - o ka leboea tšoeu rhino. Hona joale ho na le batho ba bararo ba feela ba mefuta ena, ba ile ba phela ka pokello ea Kenyan.
2. Upemba - pokello, teng ka Kibar sehlabeng le le sebakeng seo ho 11,73 sq .. km SE. Ho ile ha buloa ka 1939, empa ho fihlela letsatsing lena tsohle limela le liphoofolo tse phelang ho eona, ba sa kang ba ithuta 'me ba bang, mohlomong, ha ho tsejoe ke saense. Flora se akarelletsa ka 1800 mefuta.
3. Kahuzi-Biega - ka libaka pafara ka boroa. Virgin meru ea tropike otlolla mosikong oa foqoha seretse se chesang e 'meli timele, e leng se ileng lebitso la sebakeng sena. Area 6 sq. M. km SE. Sena ke e mong oa libaka ho qetela leo ho ahiloeng ho ke mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea litsoene - ka bochabela korilla, palo ea baahi boholo - motho ka mong 250 feela.

Virunga - National Park, ka lefatše mapa feela phatsimang khubelu letheba. boemo ba hae bo ke kahoo tsitsang le sa tsitsang, ho soka ho lahleheloa ke botho lintho buka e ikhethang tsa tlhaho 'me ba makholo ba mefuta ea liphoofolo le linonyana.