Tšebeliso ea ethylene. thepa ethylene

Ethylene ke bonolo ya metsoako manyolo e tsejoang e le alkenes. Sena colorless combustible khase, ho ba le tatso e monate le monko. mehloli Natural kenyeletsa khase ea tlhaho le oli, ho ke ke e boetse e le li-hormone tsa tlhaho limeleng, moo ho thibela kgolo ya 'me e khothalletsa ho ripening ea litholoana. Tšebeliso ea ethylene ho tloaelehile k'hemistri liindasteri manyolo. E etsoa ke futhumatsang khase ea tlhaho, e leng ntlha qhibiliha tsa 169,4 ° C, a phehile ntlha - 103 9 ° C.

Ethylene: makgetheng mehaho le thepa

Hydrocarbons ke limolek'hule nang haedrojene le k'habone. Ba fapana haholo ho latela palo ea litlamo le 'ngoe le habeli le ho tlwaetsa mehaho ea e mong le e motsoako. E mong oa bonolo ka, empa biologically le moruong molemo hydrocarbon ke ethylene. Ho tluoa tabeng ka foromo gaseous, ke colorless le haholo chang. Ho na le tse peli tse habeli bonded k'habone liathomo le liathomo hydrogen. The lik'hemik'hale moralo ke C ₂ H _4. The mehaho ea mofuta molek'hule e guttate ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha tlamo e habeli bohareng.
Ethylene e monate musky monko, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo ho tseba hore na ntho ea moeeng. Hona ho sebetsa ho khase foromo e hloekileng: monko ka 'na tsa nyamela ha tsoakane le lik'hemik'hale tse ling.

dikopo sekemeng ethylene

Ethylene e sebelisoa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli ea motheo: ho monomer eo liketane kgolo k'habone li hahoa,' me e le lintho tse bonahalang e le e tala bakeng sa metsoako e meng e 'meli-se carbon. Molekyler - pheta ena kopantseng e plurality ea ethylene limolek'hule tse nyenyane ka e kholoanyane. Tshebetso ena e hlaha ka lebaka la likhatello tse phahameng le tse batang haholo. Dikopo ba bangata ethylene. Nhua polyethylene - e polymer, e leng e sebelisoa haholo-holo ka boima tlhahiso ea lifilimi ambalaji, terata coatings, le libotlolo tsa polasetiki. sebelisoa e 'ngoe ea ethylene ka monomer ama sebopeho sa guttate α-olefins. Ethylene ke lintho tse bonahalang ho tloha bakeng sa ba lokisetsa ho ea tse 'maloa tsa metsoako e' meli-se carbon kang ethanol (joala liindasteri), oxide e ethylene (antifreeze, likhoele poliester le lifilimi) ya acetaldehyde le vinyl chloride. Ho phaella ho tsena metsoako, ethylene le foromo benzene ethylbenzene, e leng e sebelisoa ka ho hlahisa dipolasetiki le rabara maiketsetso. Ntho ka potso e 'ngoe ea hydrocarbons bonolo. Leha ho le joalo, ethylene thepa etsa hore moruo le biologically bohlokoa.

tšebeliso khoebo

ethylene thepa fana ka le motheo o motle bakeng sa palo khoebo e khōlō ea manyolo (k'habone le hydrogen nang) lintho tse bonahalang. Single limolek'hule ethylene a ka kopana ho hlahisa nhua polyethylene (e bolelang e ngata limolek'hule tsa ethylene). Nhua polyethylene e sebediswa ho etsa dipolasetiki. Ho feta moo, ho ka sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahisong ea detergents, le lubricants maiketsetso, tse lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang ho fokotsa khohlano. Tšebeliso ea ethylene bakeng styrenes bohlokoa ka ho thehoa ha rabara le ambalaji sireletsang. Ho phaella moo, e sebediswa ho indasteri e seeta, haholo-holo lipapali lieta, hammoho le ka ho hlahisa mabili koloi. Tšebeliso ea ethylene ke ka mokhoa oa thekiso ea bohlokoa, le khase ka boeona e ke e mong oa hydrocarbons hangata ho fetisisa ya hlahiswa lefatšeng ka bophara.

Bophelo likotsi

Ethylene ke kotsi e le bophelo bo botle le sebaka sa pele hobane ke haholo chang le ho phatloha. Ho ka boetse ha sebetsa e le sethethefatsi ka concentrations tlaase, a etsa hore ho nyekelwa ke pelo, ho tsekela, ho tšoaroa ke hlooho le ho lahleheloa ke tšebelisano ea mekhatlo. Ka concentrations e phahameng, e sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le moriana o thethefatsang kutlo e, a etsa hore utloe letho, insensitivity ho bohloko le ho susumetsa ba bang. lintlha tsena tsohle mpe e ka ba sesosa sa ho amehoang ka tsona ka ho khetheha ho batho ba neng ba sebetsa ka ho toba le khase. Ka tjhelete e ya ethylene, eo ka eona batho ba bangata ba tobane le bophelong ba bona ba letsatsi le letsatsi, hangata ba fokolang.

ba itsoara joang ka ea ethylene

1) ho kena moea. Sena tlaleletsa ka oksijene, mohlala, ka ho kena moea oa ethylene ho oxide e ethylene. E e sebelisoa ka tlhahiso ea ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol), e leng e sebelisoa e le antifreeze e le ka tlhahisong ea polyesters ka condensation molekyler.

2) Halogenation - itsoara joang ka ethylene fluorine, chloride, bromine, a iodine litareng e.

3) chlorination ea ethylene ho theha 1,2-dichloroethane le ho sokoloha morago ga moo e ba 1,2-dichloroethane ka vinyl chloride monomer. 1,2-dichloroethane ke le thuso manyolo solvent, 'me ke selelekela tsa bohlokoa ka tswakana tsa chloride vinyl.
4) Alkylation ya - phaella ka ho re hydrocarbons ho feta tlamahanong habeli, ho etsa mohlala, ho tswakana tsa ethylbenzene tloha ethylene le benzene, lateloa ke ho sokoloha ho styrene. Ethylbenzene ke lipakeng bakeng sa tlhahiso ea styrene, e mong oa ka ho fetisisa ho pharaletseng a sebelisa monomers vinyl. Styrene - monomer sebediswa bakeng sa ho hlahisa polystyrene.

5) combustion e ea ethylene. khase e fumanoa ka futhumatsang ethyl joala le asiti khobokellane sulfuric.

6) Hydration - ba itšoara joang le go tlaleletsa ka metsi ho feta tlamahanong habeli. Bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa liindasteri kopo ea kamoo ba ileng ena ke tšokoloho ea ethylene ho ethanol.

Ethylene le go tuka ga molelo

Ethylene - ka khase le se 'mala, e leng hampe qhibilihang ka har'a metsi. Combustion e ea ethylene moeeng tsamaea le sebopeho sa carbon dioxide le metsi. Ka bo hloekileng foromo khase chesa khantša diffusion lelakabe. Tsoakane le e nyenyane ea moea, ho fana ka lelakabe, eo na le le dikarolo tse tharo tse arohaneng - the konokono ka hare - the unburned khase, putsoa-tala lera le khoune tsa ka ntle, moo sehlahisoa mokhoa o sa fellang oxidized tsa lera ea pele ho e tsoakiloeng li chesoa ka diffusion lelakabe. Lelakabe resultant bontša e rarahaneng letoto la liphetoho, 'me ha motsoako khase e phaella ka ho re feta moea diffusion lera butle-butle disappears.

lintlha tse Useful

1) Ethylene ke likoluoa tsa tlhaho dimela hormone, e ama kgolo, ntshetsopele, le nonofo ya mmele le botsofali ea limela.

2) Gas ke ha e kotsi 'me ha nang le chefo e ho batho ka ea mahloriso itseng (100-150 mg,).

3) Ho e sebelisoa ka moriana e le analgesic le.

4) ethylene bohato liehisa ka thempereichara e tlaase.

5) A tsobotsi bath ke ho kenella ka hare ntle ka dintho tse ngata, ho etsa mohlala ka lebokoso mabokose paka, lehong le esita le mabota konkreite.

6) Le hoja e le ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa matla a ho qapa mokhoa oa ho le nonofo ya mmele, ho ka boela ka ba kotsi haholo ho ditholwana tse ngata, meroho, lipalesa le limela, potlakisa botsofali le fokotsa boleng ba sehlahiswa le bophelo ba eona raka, athe. Tekanyo ea tšenyo e itšetlehile ka mahloriso, bolelele ba nako ea ho pepesehela le mocheso.

7) Ethylene phatloha ka concentrations phahameng.

8) Ethylene e sebediswa ho indasteri e khalase bakeng sa merero e khethehileng bakeng sa ho indasteri e likoloi.

9) Production ya dibopeho tsa tšepe: khase e sebediswa e le oksijene-mafura a khase bakeng sa tšepe ho itšeha, tjheseletsa, 'me e phahameng-lebelo mogote nyanyatsoa.

10) Oli: ethylene e sebediswa e le refrigerant, haholo-holo ka ho hlahisa khase liquefied tlhaho.

11) Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, ethylene ke ntho arabelang haholo, ho feta moo, ho boetse ho na le haholo chang. Ka mabaka a polokeho, e hangata isoa ke lipeipi khethehileng arohaneng.

12) E mong oa lihlahisoa atileng ka ho fetisisa etsoa ka kotloloho ho tswa ethylene ke polasetiki.