Mobu ke eng le hore na ho ka ba?

mobu ke eng? lentsoe lena e na le moelelo o fetang le le leng. Hangata ka ho fetisisa e le hlaha ka se boleloang ke "topsoil". Tse hlalosang mantsoe le Reference mokgwathupelo tsa likokoana-hloko ho ea tlhaloso ea lentsoe la ka ho qaqileng le ho feta.

Mobu e fana ka tlhaloso ea saense - ke lera pele-pele mehopolong ea lithosphere ea Lefatše. litšobotsi tse lona ka sehloohong: tsoalo, heterogeneity, pepeneneng, ba bane-mohato.

A re hlahlobeng e mong le poleloana e reng ka thoko. Tsoalo bolela hore mobu - sena lera a loketse bakeng sa limela le lijalo hōla. Thehoa ka lebaka la lintho tse phelang tse sa tšoaneng ea bohlokoa le bosa lera ruileng limatlafatsi 'me botlaaseng lona ke humus - phelang metsoako manyolo kapa litlhaka kahare tse teng mobung, empa e se ka lintho tse phelang.

ke mobu ya ka dipehelo tsa heterogeneity eng? Sena se bolela hore topsoil ke tsamaiso e khopo heterogeneous, mohato homogeneous e arotsoe lipakeng tsa bona. Kahoo, mobu e na le mekhahlelo e 'nè: tiileng, mokelikeli, gaseous le microorganisms.

Mohato tiileng e kenyeletsa liminerale, manyolo, tse fapa-fapaneng inclusions, i.e. le bothe ba -butle bopilweng topsoil.

The mokelikeli mohato - metsi, e leng e ka ba ka bethe e nonneng ka boemo mahala kapa tlamelletsoe.

khase eo e na le khase: oksijene ho kena ho tloha sepakapakeng, e rarahaneng metsoako ea naetrojene, methane e hloekileng hydrogen. Di thehoa ka lebaka la dithulaganyo belisoa, respiration, ho hlepha, joalo-joalo

Fuputsa le bo-rasaense ba mobu ka sekaseka se feela lera ka kakaretso, empa o boetse o mong le o mong oa mohato lona constituent. Ke ke hobane'ng ha e le karabo ka ho feletseng taba ea hore na ke mobu, e fellang kateng le e le nako e telele. Ho feta moo, mobu e ka linako tse ling nkoa e le mokoallo kapa lera eo ka nako arola le lokisetsa ba itšoara joang sepakapaka, bio- le hydrosphere.

likarabo tse 'maloa tse fapaneng tsa ho potso ea hore na mobu, GOST 27593-88. Ho boleloa hore mobu - sena 'mele tsa tlhaho ikemetseng, organo, histori tsa tlhaho, ho bakoang ke ho motsoako oa lintlha:

• anthropogenic;
• abiotic;
• biotic.

mobu o tsoela pele ho GOST tlhaloso, o na thepa ea eona e (morphological le liphatsa tsa lefutso). E tšoauoa ka thepa e itseng, e leng boikarabelo ba ho bōpa maemo a bakeng sa ntshetsopele ya dimela na le metsi, moea, likaroloana diminerale le manyolo mesaletsa.

The mofuta le mofuta oa mobu ya itšetlehile ka boemo ba leholimo, limela le liphoofolo, tšimoloho ea microorganisms ahileng lera nonneng. naha-tšebeliso mosebetsi - ho boloka le ho boloka ea tsoalo ea ho lekaneng sebedisa menyetla lera.

sebelisoa haholo khafetsa ea mobu ha mo qeta, le peō ka tsela e feteletseng ke hoo e ka bang e chefo. Ho ba sieo ha mongobo mobu ka 'na ba utloa bohloko ba lehoatata, le ho nosetsa ka tsela e feteletseng - likhohlo le eena. Ka linako tse ling mobu ka lebaka la tšebeliso e fosahetseng kapa ba letsoai mokhoabong. dithulaganyo tsena ke lebitso le 'ngoe, e leng, ho senyeha ha mobu.

Tsosoloso ea mobu tlotlolotsoe - haholo mosebetsi o boima-matla, nako e telele-e sa feleng, hase kamehla ho fela tshebetso ya ho atleha.