Liphoofolo tse anyesang: tlhaloso e khutšoanyane

Ho fihlela joale, liphoofolo tse anyesang li nkoa ho ba e mong oa litlelase ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele. sehlopha sena e tšoauoa ka nomoro le litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa. Ho ea ka likhakanyo tsa lithuto tsa tsebahalang lefatšeng kajeno ho na le litho tse fetang tse likete tse hlano tsa sehlopha sa. Le hoja ho ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore palo ena e lekantsoeng haholo, hobane bo-rasaense le ba batla mefuta e mecha ho letsatsi.

Liphoofolo tse anyesang le kabo tsa bona

Liphoofolo tse anyesang li nkoa ho ba baemeli ba buka e ikhethang haholo la liphoofolo. Di ajoa lefatšeng ka bophara.

Baemeli ba sehlopha sena li ka fumanoa hoo e batlang e tsohle habitats tse khōlō ea Lefatše. liphoofolo tsena ke libōpuoa tse ntle tse bonahalang chesang, e omeletseng ea lehoatata tlelaemete ka libaka gogo. U ka li bona ka libaka Polar le rainforests e chesang e mongobo. Ba tse ratoang esita le tikolohong tsa metsing.

Mohlomong libakeng feela hore ha ba lieu ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ka hare ho naha ea Antarctica le karolong e tebileng tsa maoatleng a lefatše.

Ho thahasellisang ke hore, sebaka sa kabo ea monotremes liphoofolo tse (mohlala, ho platypus) e ka ho hlaka feela libaka tsa New Guinea le oa Australia. Marsupials baemeli ba aba lihlekehlekeng tsa Oceania, hammoho le Australia le naheng ea Linaha Tsa Amerika. Ha e le hantle e 'ngoe e thahasellisang ke hore ka k'honthinente ea Australia e ile leo ho ahiloeng ho ke liphoofolo tse anyesang tse seng kae feela placental pele ho fihla ha bajaki ba pele.

Liphoofolo tse anyesang: likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa sehlopha

Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, hona sehlopha ea liphoofolo o sebelisa litšobotsi tse ikhethang, ho bontša boemo bo phahameng ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng:

• Hoo e ka bang viviparous liphoofolo tse anyesang.
• Tšehali anyesa lebese malinyane a tsona hlahisoa litsoelesa ba itseng (by tsela, ka lebaka la ha e le hantle sena se liphoofolo tse anyesang fumana lebitso la bona).
• Sehlopha sa baemeli ba na le letlalo la hlooho e itseng, a sebetsa ho sebaceous le mofufutso litsoelesa.
• Bakeng sa ho thoeng homeotherms tloaelehileng mammalian, kapa mofuthu-sehloho, - mocheso 'mele ea bona ha ea itšetleha ka maemo a le mocheso ambient.
• A karolo ea bohlokoa haholo-holo tsa sehlopha sena sa liphoofolo ke boko hantle ntshetswa pele, ka ho khetheha, e leng karolo ea ho qetela ea eona. Mona ke setsi sa ka eo baemeli ba le tšekamelo ea ho maitshwaro rarahaneng haholo.
• Ka liphoofolo tse anyesang thehoa auricle, le ka ntle tsebe kanale, hammoho le lintho tseo ka boraro ba ossicles utluwang, e leng, ka tshohanyetso, na fetotsoeng mandible.
• Bakeng sa litho tsa sehlopha li tšoauoa ka e tsoetseng pele mane chambered pelo le letšehali aortic khoro, e leng fana ka karohano mali ka venous le ea bohlokoa (ka mohlala, ka lihahabi le venous mali ea bohlokoa e tsoakane pelong).
• A tšobotsi e khethehileng ka ho nkoa le sebopeho alveolar tsa matšoafong.
• Ho feta moo, ho na le ho se tšoane ka sebōpeho sa lisele tsa mali - lisele tse khubelu tsa mali a liphoofolo tsena ha li na nuclei, e pigment matšoafo.
• Liphoofolo tse anyesang na vertebrae a supileng ka sebakeng cervical.
• Bakeng sa litho tsa sehlopha sena li tšoauoa ka e mosa ea meno (ho ba teng ha incisors, canines, molars). Tabeng ena ka tsela metso meno qoelisoa ka mohlahareng masapo.

Tšimoloho ea liphoofolo tse anyesang

Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore baholo-holo ba liphoofolo tse anyesang morao-rao e ne e le lihahabi e ileng ea hlaha ka Paleozoic. liphoofolo tsena ntse bolokoa bang tšoana le sehahabi se le, ka ho khetheha, ho ba teng ha litsoelesa letlalo 'me mohlomong le e habeli occipital condyle.

Haholo-holo beng ka qetellong ea mefuta ea kajeno phoofolo e anyesang-joaloka li nkoa. Baemeli ba sehlopha sena ba ile ba tšoauoa ka ho ba teng ha meno fapaneng (molars, incisors le canines). E ka holimo le ka tlaase mehlahare ne a ikopanya lesapo khethehileng eo ba bile teng ba ka ossicles mammalian utluwang. Empa baemeli ba timele phoofolo e anyesang-joaloka e ka Holimo Triassic.

Se ka nako Jurassic, ho na le e ne e le karohano ya mefuta e phele ka ho sa behang ho tloha litho tseo e behile mahe.

Ha e le hantle, ka ho hlaka o tlhame khopolo ea tšimoloho ea liphoofolo tse anyesang ke ke ha khoneha, hobane ho fihlela letsatsing lena, paleontologists le bo-rasaense ba bang ba ho etsa lipatlisiso ka mafolofolo sebakeng sena.