Allelic le liphatsa tsa lefutso bao e seng allelic

liphatsa tsa lefutso boleng

Le sibolloa ha makalana liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa saense e fumanoeng e pharaletseng e ncha ho etsa lipatlisiso botlaaseng substrate ea ho iphetola ha lintho - the khoutu liphatsa tsa lefutso. Hore e beha litaba ka tsohle liphetoho nakong e fetileng le tlang ho ntshetsopele ya phelang.

lefutso le phetoho karo-karolelano lumella u ho pholosa feela molemo ka ho fetisisa boleng, empa ho ena le hoo ba ile ba hlōleha ho fumana batho ba bacha, ho ntlafatsa sebopeho le tlatsetsang ho tlhōlo ka khetha tsa tlhaho.

bopa dikgopolo tsa motheo tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso

Ka motheong oa morao-rao liphatsa tsa lefutso bakeng sa chromosomal lefa la amohela khopolo e le substrate ka sehloohong ke morphological chromosome - sebopeho sa khutsufatsa DNA e rarahaneng (chromatin) ho tloha eo nakong ea tswakana liprotheine, 'me tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le e bala.

Liphatsa tsa lefutso e thehiloeng bopa dikgopolo tsa 'maloa: phatsa ea lefutso (a DNA karolo tsoaneng e ka itseng tšobotsi unit trust), genotype le phenotype (sete ya liphatsa tsa lefutso le mekhoa ea ntho e phelang), diretswe go dira gametes (kokoana-hloko kenya liseleng le sete e le' ngoe ea chromosomes) le zygote (s lisele tse diploid phase).

Liphatsa tsa lefutso, le eena, a classified ka 'muso o hlaheletseng (A) le recessive (a) ho itšetlehile ka ho ata ha ba tšobotsi e' ngoe holim'a allelic mong (A le a) le batho bao e seng allelic liphatsa tsa lefutso (e le B). Allelic teng ka libaka tšoanang chromosomal le Coding letšoao le le leng. Bao e seng allelic liphatsa tsa lefutso tse ka ho feletseng khahlanong le ho bona ba sebakeng ka libaka tse fapaneng le encode makgetheng fapaneng. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa tsotellehe sena, liphatsa tsa lefutso bao e seng allelic na le bokhoni ba ho sebelisana le balekane ba bona, a le fa phahama ho ntshetsopele ya makgetheng mocha ka ho feletseng. Ho ea ka sebopeho ya boleng tsa lintho tse phelang alleles ka aroloa homo- kapa heterozygous tabeng ea pele ke liphatsa tsa lefutso e tšoanang (LH, doli), ka tse ling tse - ke e fapaneng (LH).

Mochine le ditshebeditsano phatsa ea lefutso oa potoloho

Bopa sebelisana phatsa ea lefutso pakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso American T.H.Morgan ithutileng tsona. Liphello tsa ho etsa lipatlisiso la hae, o ile a re ka khopolo chromosome tsa lefutso. Ho latela liphatsa tsa lefutso hae kenyelelitsoe chromosome e mong a se futsitseng hammoho. liphatsa tsa lefutso joalo ba bitsoa ho amana le ho theha ho thoeng lihlopha khokahano. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka hare ho lihlopha tsena hape le hlaha ke phatsa ea lefutso recombination phetoho - chromosomes fapanyetsana likarolo tse fapa-fapaneng 'moho. Ena e utloahalang ka ho feletseng 'me e proven ke taba ea hore liphatsa tsa lefutso li lokisetsa ka ho toba le mong ka mor'a e mong, karohano ka tshebetso ya ho tšela-fetang ha a pepesa le ho ba se futsitseng hammoho.

Haeba ho na le sebaka se pakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso, e leng kgonego ya karohano teng - ketsahalo ena e bitsoa "fella mamarello liphatsa tsa lefutso." Ho bua ka ho qaqileng ho feta, ho sebelisana pakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso allelic le hlaha ka merero e meraro e bonolo: busa ka ho feletseng ho fana ka e hloekileng e ka sehloohong tšobotsi, busa fella ho fa lipakeng kodominirovanie tšobotsi le ka e le lefa la litšobotsi tseo ka bobeli. liphatsa tsa lefutso bao e seng allelic ba boetse ba li futsitseng thata ho: e maano a ea complementarity, polymers kapa epistasis. Mona tla futsitse litšobotsi tse bobeli, empa ka tekanyo e sa tšoaneng.