Yano-Indigirka mabalane le characterization lona

Mabalane e ka leboea ea Yakutia, ke sebaka seo ba permafrost le mafatshekgapetla tloaelehileng cryogenic. Sena N. Thermokarst matša, mokhoabo oo le joalo-joalo. Ka kakaretso, sebakeng sena ke tundra.

Ka sebaka sa Yano-Indigirka mabalane sebaka, ka peculiarities ya limela le liphoofolo, ka lilemo 'me tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le e meng e ka fumanoa sehloohong sena.

Nakoana ka mabalane

Mabalane - thota, eo bophahamo ba ha sa feteng limithara tse 200 ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle. E le busa, e mabalane ke a bataletseng holim 'a lefatše, e hahiloeng ya mocha metsing, noka le letšeng sediments. Ba ba sebakeng cavities kholoanyane le e nyenyane, 'me e ka ba sethaleng le lithoteng tsa,' me ka likoting tsa intermountain ena. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore le mabalane la Caspian, teng ka naheng ea Russia, e teng ka tlase ho bophahamo ba leoatle.

Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea mabalane, boholo ba lebōpong la leoatle, ke hore ba atisa ho nang le baahi. Le hangata ho etsahala hore batho ba artificially eketsa sebakeng naha ea libakeng tsena (mohlala, ka polders ea Holland).

Location, isa tekanyong

Nkoa e mabalane otlolla tsoang molomong Buor Hai tloha bophirimela ho ea nōkeng Indigirka ka bochabela, 'me sebaka sa eona e koahetsoe ke boholo ba Yakut ba libaka Arctic.

Libaka coordinates: Yano-Indigirka mabalane - 46.602075; 39,230506.

mabalane sebakeng koahela km fetang 600 lisekoere tsa sebakeng seo naha, teng hammoho le mabopo ka boroa ea East Siberia Leoatle le Leoatle Laptev. Hape, ho na le makgobokgobo sabaletseng la nōka ea Yana le molomong oa linōka tse ling tse nyenyane (Indigirka Omoloya), lebitsong la ba babeli ba bona 'me a nka lebitso la lona phuleng ena.

Foromo ya, sebopeho

Yano-Indigirka mabalane na le seoli sebopeho. Karolong e ka bolelloa batho ba bangata ba bophara ba eona e km 300 le karolelano bophahamo - ho fihlela ho limithara tse 30-80 ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle (le limithara tse ho fihlela ho 100).

Mabalane ke se seholo thoteng mokhoabo teng karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea Siberia. Hammoho le ho Kolyma mabalane, sebakeng sa lefapha la leboea-bochabela ea Yakutia, ka nōka beisine Chukochya River, Alazeya le letšehali banka ya ka fihlang ka tlaase ea Kolyma River, ho bopa e mabalane le leholo bitsoa East-Siberia.

Libakeng tse ling ho hlaha barrel maporogo li entsoe ka bedrock, ho fihlela ho limithara tse wa 558 (bophahamo palo e kahodimodimo ea Yano-Indigirka mabalane).

Age, ho ithuta

Sebaka o ile a hlalosa e tšoauoa ke boteng ba 'maloa ba tšehetsa le ho poraefete dikarolo Pleistocene lilemo, e leng e na le mesaletsa ea mesaletsa seoelo ea liphoofolo le limela. likarolo tsena li 'nile tsa ithuta ka linako tse fapaneng ke litsebi tse kang A. A. Bunge (kapa Cherskii, ka 1891), V. F. Goncharovym, B. S. Rusanovym (1968) le N. K. Vereschaginym (1977 ) ..

Lazarev PA tsa utolola mesaletsa ea mammoth liphoofolo Plain ho tloha ka 1970 ho 2000. Likarolo tse ling tsa Late Cenozoic hantle ithuta le hlalosoa ka lingoliloeng tseo tsa saense, empa ho na le likarolo tse bao teng ba ntse ba sa a tsebe ho fihlela bofelong.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka libakeng tse le mabalane sa sibolloang ea mesaletsa ea boholo-holo ea liphoofolo le limela 'nile ha fumanoa (Late Pleistocene).

Yano-Indigirka mabalane: litšobotsi tsa sebakeng seo, le mobu

Ka ho tepella maikutlo ena ho na le letšeng bitsoa Pavylon. Fumanoa ka tsena ka seoelo Siberia metshetshe drive ho maralla le bophahamo ho tloha limithara tse 200 ho ea ho 300.

Mona e laoloa ke morzlye lefika le permafrost perennial mafatshekgapetla. Boholo ba mabalane e entsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng ya leoatle, letšeng le noka sediments ruileng leqhoa magala e loketseng ho predominance likarolong tsena tsa permafrost ena.

Mabalane na le litšobotsi tse ba lona (ba haholo e ngata). Tsena li akarelletsa depressions thermokarst (ke ba bang. Alases) le mekhoabong, matša a, e leng moo tsoha tse ngata Pingo. Hape ka mabōpong a maoatle, linōka le matša a ka bonoa maralla le polygonal mobu-baydzharahi. Ea bobeli ke ka mokgwa wa micro- mobu le meso (boholo bo ho tloha disentimetara 'maloa ho limithara tse makholo a seng makae). Ba na le sebelisa likemiso tsa dikhutlontsi, likoatipa, masale, didikadikwe, 'me ka matsoapo - lihlopha.

Yano-Indigirka mabalane jeokrafi, liphoofolo

karolo bapetse mona tsa tlhaho sehatsetsi permafrost sireletsa mashome a likete a ile litlhaka kahare mammoth mele hoammeng 'me ba bangata liphoofolo tse anyesang tse ling glacial nako. karolo ena ea Siberia e meholo. - e mong oa mesaletsa phathahanyang ea liphoofolo mammoth.

Ka lebaka la ho khoholeho ea mobu ya metsi a matša le linōka, libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle le mogote abrasion mabōpong a maoatle etsahala selemo le selemo sa tahlehelo thawing le mesaletsa ea liphoofolo tse ea boholo-holo.

Flora: le kamano le liphoofolo ho

Yano-Indigirka mabalane leqhoa lilemo ke e kholo ea tundra-steppe sebaka ka herbaceous limela barui. Ka etsahala hore ebe, tsena maemo batlang e le e loketseng 'me palo ea phoofolo e anyesang liphoofolo e ile ea fihla ka boholo bohlokoa. E ne e le ho elella Pleistocene.

Libakeng tse fapa-fapaneng Polar entse tsoane, ke leraba la tlhaho, moo e ke karolo ea "mabitleng". Ka tsona ho na le e ne e le ho timetsoeng ha litonanahali tsa liphoofolo tse ea boholo-holo.

Off le lebōpo la leoatle e le laoloa ke shrub le boriba boriba tundra le karolong e ka boroa ea liphula nōka hola meru seoelo deciduous.

Ka boroa, mabalane liphula noka ba libakeng tsa moru-tundra, eo bopilwe ka larch sparse.

Kajeno, sebakeng sena tsa Siberia mefuta neng li tloaelehile tse itseng libakeng tseo, tse kang tundra le tundra moru. E ka fumanoa mona 'me tse ling tsa limela tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book tsa Yakutia. Ha e le hantle hola birch, malandro e, kayandera, Aspen, stlanik, sedge, Hawthorn le ba bang. Har'a litlhapi tse ngata ho atile kang bream, Sturgeon, Roach, Pike, peō, Pike, grouper, 'me ba bang ba bangata.

baahi

Yano-Indigirka mabalane sebakeng ke matla ka ho fetisisa ea Russia Arctic. Batang lehlabuleng tlisoang ke ho leoatle ba Bochabela Siberia le m. Laptev. Empa a batang mariha a tlisa meea e southerly letsa tloha lihlabeng tsa Yakutia, moo nakong ena ea selemo e busoa ke frosts matla. Ka hona, dimela tse 'maloa ka pholoha ka joalo tikolohong e hlabang.

Ha linaha tsena batang ne Russia bafuputsi, mabalane o ne a sa siea. Libakeng tsena tse hōle tsa tsoelo-pele ea nako e telele o ne a lula 'me a phele maleka le Yukagirs kajeno. Empa batho ba moo mona ba 'nile ba' maloa haholo.

Kopanela batho ba moo ba tsoma, ho tšoasa litlhapi le likhama alosa.

Thata ena sebakeng keneha, empa eona e ntle le e ke keng ea utloisisoa.