Thoracic difapho: human anatomy. Tsamaiso lymphatic. lijana lymphatic

Ka batho, ho na le mefuta e meraro ea lijana. E mong le e ba bona ba etsa mosebetsi oa bohlokoa. Tsena li akarelletsa methapo, methapong le lijana lymphatic. lihlopha tsena tsohle li teng ho pholletsa le 'mele. Venous le lymphatic lijana bokella mokelikeli ho tswa ho e mong le e sebopeho anatomic. Le ntshetsopele ya mapheko ho na le ditlolo bohlokoa. Ka lebaka leo, ke habohlokoa hore le tsa likokoana-hloko mokelikeli outflow lula phethahatsoa.

Difapho thoracic lisele tsa mmele - se 'mele ona?

E le o tsejoa, sebopeho sa lisele tsa mmele amana makala a boitshireletso ba mmele. Ho bohlokoa haholo, ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa eona e itšetlehile ka bokhoni ba ho loantša baemeli ba tse fapa-fapaneng a tšoaetsanoang. E mong oa litho tsa ka hare kholo ka ho fetisisa ea tsamaiso e nkoa difapho tse di thoracic. bolelele ba eona ranges ho tloha 30 ho ea ho 40 cm, Sepheo se ka sehloohong sa 'mele ona -. Na pokello ea lisele tsa mmele ho tloha mehaho e tsohle anatomical.

Ho ea ka sebopeho histological tsa difapho thoracic tšoana le dinama tse nyenyane tse venous. holim'a lona le ka hare e lined ka endothelium (le lijana tse ling tse). E le karolo ea lesela boetse e na le rekere le collagen likhoele. Ka khetla ka hare ke phallo di-valve. Ka thuso ea bona, lisele tsa mmele susumelletsa ho ea holimo. Lera bohareng na le thoracic difapho boreleli mesifa dinama tse nyenyane tse. Kahoo, molumo o ile a lula le atlehe 'mele phokotseho. Kantle difapho na le likhoele connective dinama tse nyenyane tse. Ha boemo ba leboteng lesoba 'mele thickens.

Sebōpeho sa tsamaiso lymphatic

Tsamaiso lymphatic phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka 'mele. Ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore a sireletsoe ho tloha dintho kotsi. Thoracic difapho, hammoho le lijana le nodes ba makala a boitshireletso ba mmele. Ka hona, ka ntshetsopele ya ho ruruha, lihlopha tsena li qala ho sebetsa ka morethetho o matla. Ho phaella moo, makala a lymphatic ba haufi-ufi amanang le tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo. Thanks ho bona limatlafatsi kena maling. tsamaiso e hlahisoa e le tse latelang:

1. Lymphatic methapong. Ka ho haha mehaho e tsena tšoanang le methapong, empa mabota bona ba thinner. The methapong di fumaneha ka e mong le e le lekala 'me a theha marangrang le. Ba kena interstitial mokelikeli, hammoho le bohle ba liprotheine hlokahala le mafura.
2. Lisele tsa mmele nodes. Ba leng teng haufi le e mong le e le lekala ea methapong le methapo. The hloekisa lisele tsa mmele nodes le hlaha - filtara. Tse kotsi le tse nang le chefo e dintho tse inactivated. Nodes bua ka makala a boitshireletso ba mmele, ha ba ntse ba ba hlahisoang ke lymphocytes. lisele tse tsena ho hlokahala hore le loane mahlahana a tšoaetsanoang.
3. Lymphatic lijana. Ba hokela methapong le kokangana nodes. lijana Ho ekelletsa moo a laela hore mekhatlo e kholoanyane - ducts. Ho na le e bokeletseng palo e khōlō ea lisele tsa mmele bokella ho tswa ho mekhatlo eohle. Joale a etsa ho e lokisa lona, ka mor'a moo e oela tsamaiso venous. Thoracic difapho bokella le mokelikeli ho tswa ho le letšehali ka holimo halofo ea 'mele le ea litho tse ka hare.
4. Spleen. O etsa le depo mosebetsi wa mali.
5. Tokelo lymphatic difapho. Ka hore lintho li tla ho mokelikeli ho tswa ho dibopeho tse saletseng anatomical. Har'a bona - le tokelo leoto ka holimo, halofo ea hlooho le molaleng.
6. The thymus tšoelesa - thymus. Karolo ena e hantle ntshetswa pele ka bana. Ho eona ho na le sebopeho sa lisele tse boitshireletso - T-lymphocytes.
7. Tonsils.
8. Lisele tsa mmele - the mokelikeli hore o potoloha ka lijaneng 'me likutu, e phallang ka ducts ka.

lihlopha tsena tsohle li kokangana. Tabeng ea tšenyo e ba e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea lymphatic mafu a ama le lona likarolong tse ling motsoako. Ka lebaka leo, ditlolo etsahala ho pholletsa le 'mele.

Mokhoa oa ho thoracic difapho: human anatomy

Ka sebopeho sa difapho thoracic amehang le letšehali le le letona lumbar lisele tsa mmele kutu. Ke hore, 'mele o e thehoa sebaka sa retroperitoneal. Moo thoracic difapho qala le moo e tobane? Le letšehali le le letona likutu tse di ne tsa kopanngwa le mong ho e mong ka boemo ba pakeng tsa ho qetela (12) le 2 letsoele lumbar vertebra. Batho ba bang ba ka difapho thoracic psha sa setshelo ntse 1-3. Sena likutu mala, efferent lisele tsa mmele nodes ya mesentery ena.

Ha boemo ba phallo diaphragm e arotsoe likarolo tse 2 - ka mpeng le thoracic. 'A letanta le pele Ho thehoa mesenteric, celiac le lumbar lisele tsa mmele nodes. Maemong a mangata, karolo ventral tsa difapho o na le khoune e bōpehileng joaloka (ampullate) katoloso - tanka. Sena dibopeho anatomical amanang ho leoto le letona la diaphragm ena. Ka lebaka la sena ka ho phefumoloha ka lisele tsa mmele e pushed tsoha.

Karolo thoracic tsa difapho qala ka bose aortic sebakeng diaphragm ena. Fihla 3-5 vertebra sejana deviates ho lehlakoreng le letšehali. Ha ba ntse ba phallo ka hore e oele bronhomediastinalny, jugular le subclavian likutu lisele tsa mmele. Ba bokella mokelikeli ho tswa ho le letšehali ka letsohong le karolo ea sefubeng, molaleng le hloohong. Ha boemo ba vertebra sejana 7 e bopa e selikalikoe. Ebe thoracic difapho psha ka le letšehali venous angle. Molomong oa setshelo na belofo ka. Hoa hlokahala ho thibela foromeletsoeng ho mali ho tswa ho oona tsamaisong venous.

Location lymphatic thoracic difapho

Sebopeho sa sebaka thoracic difapho - ke sebaka sa ea 'mele mabapi le likarolo tse ling anatomical. Mpeng karolo ea sekepe sena e kholo e ka morao metso 'me ka pel'a lenaneng la lesapo la mokokotlo. Phunyeletsang ka sefubeng cavity, difapho kena kamorao mediastinum. Ho na le o na le pakeng tsa aorta le azygos mothapo. Ka 2-3 thoracic vertebrae phallo tsoela tsoa metso 'me e hlaha ka holimo.

Ka pel'a eona ho na le: letšehali subclavian Vienna, mothapo ho tloaelehile hore batho carotid le ea methapo ea kutlo vagus. Kahoo, 'mele ke tsa mediastinum holimo. Ho le letšehali la phallo ke pleura, ka morao - lesapo la mokokotlo, le ka lehlakoreng le letona - ho metso. Selikalikoe thoracic difapho Ho thehoa ka boemong ba vascular - the mothapo jugular le mothapo ho tloaelehile hore batho carotid. O ile a tsoela ho pota Dome mesothelioma, 'me joale o tsoela ka molomo. Ho na le 'mele oa oela ka le letšehali venous angle.

Mesebetsi ya thoracic difapho

Thoracic difapho etsa mesebetsi e latelang:

1. Morero o ka sehloohong oa 'mele ona - e bokella interstitial mokelikeli ho tswa ho makala a le ka hare le halofo le letšehali la' mele.
2. Phetiso ea liprotheine bohlokwa tsamaisong ea venous.
3. Ka lymphatics le mala hape phunyeletse le mafura. Joale ba kena maling.
4. Filtara lisele tsa mmele. The nodes le metjha e mokelikeli e hloekisa ya dintho kotsi.
5. Sebopeho sa B-lymphocytes, ho etsa mosebetsi sireletsang 'mele.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore difapho thoracic sitoa ho sebetsa le nosi. mesebetsi lona li etsoa ka mosebetsi hantle-hokahangoa ba likarolong tsohle tsa tsamaiso ea 'mele.

Location likepe lymphatic 'meleng

E thehiloeng ha e le hantle tsela ea ho haha le human anatomy ba thoracic difapho, hoa khoneha ho utloisisa hore na moo lijana li le hona teng. Ba leng teng ho pholletsa le 'mele. Lisele tsa mmele vascular akira theo gun tlohe dibopeho tsohle anatomical. Ka mor'a moo, ba ea hammoho le methapong le methapo. Haufi le e mong le e lekala ho na le lihlopha tsa nodes lisele tsa mmele. Ba mokelikeli likokoana-hloko ntlafatsa le lisele tse 'mele. Noute thehoa lijana efferent hore aa tsoa likutu lisele tsa mmele. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, dibopeho tsena kopane ka le letona le difapho thoracic. Ho ekelletsa moo ho na le ke motsoako oa lymphatic le methapo ea mali.

Ho hlōloa ha difapho thoracic: Matšoao

Ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba lisele tsa mmele phallo ka ho ketekoa liponahatso tse fapa-fapaneng tsa tleleniki. 'mele ona ke oa mehaho e bohlokoa anatomical, kahoo bobe hore sekepe hloka tlhokomelo e potlakileng ea ho buoa. Tlas'a lethopa ka o boetse o nahana ka difapho blockage kapa ho ruruha ea leboteng lona. Matšoao a latelang a ka hlaha:

1. Muscle bohloko le bofokoli.
2. Neuralgia.
3. mafu a tshebetso ya ea ka tšebetso ea mala, mala le metso.
4. boima ba 'mele kapa, ho fapana le hoo, ho eketseha ha boima ba' mele.
5. mafu a hlabang ba ka holimo ho hema pampitsana le boko lera la.
6. Tshilong ya dijo ka ho hloka taolo.
7. Cutaneous bolwetse.
8. Moriri tahlehelo ka lehlakoreng le anngoeng ke likoluoa.
9. Arrhythmia.

Mafu a methapo ea lisele tsa mmele le nodes: phumano

Ka mafu a hlabang, likepe lymphatic le nodes ba eketseha ka seemo. Ho ka 'na ho ketekoa hyperemia le ea moo keketseho ea mocheso. Nodes ba denser palpation tšoauoa boemong bo sa thabiseng. Haeba u belaella e dithulaganyo kankere ka lisele tsa mmele makala biopsy le and analysis histological. Le bakeng sa tsa mekgwataolo tekotshupo kenyeletsa ultrasound k'homphieutha tomography.

Ho eo ngaka botsa bakeng sa belaela lefu thoracic difapho?

Le mafu khafetsa a hlabang tsa pampitšana matšoafo, letlalo, mesifa le intercostal methapo ea kutlo e lokela ho a bale ngaka. Hlahloba le bolwetse ba difapho thoracic, u ka sebelisa ho etsa lipatlisiso e khethehileng lymphography. Haeba u belaella hore ho ruruha kapa tsamaiso oncologic ba lokela ho iteanya GP hao, le tla li romela ho profile ngaka (ea matla a, Oncology, phekolang 'meleng).