The sefofane entsoe ka pampiri: origami sekemeng

Ho hang mong le e mong oa lōna a se entseng e le ngoana e monyenyane a lifofane - lifofane, ka helikopthara, pinwheels fapaneng. Tabeng ena, ho hang leha e le mang a nahana hore tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa pampiri - sena ke ea boholo-holo haholo Japanese bonono bitsoa origami. E leng karolo ea saense ena e le kannete e thabisang hore o hlalosa kamoo ho etsa mefuta e fapaneng ya lifofane entsoe ka pampiri (sekemeng): baahisane, bomber bobebe airframe le ba bang ba bangata, ba bitselitsoeng aerogami. dikai o teng ke e le tse fapa-fapaneng tse hlalosang le hlahloba bona kaofela, feela ke ke ha khoneha.

Moo pampiri lifofane tla ho rona

Haeba u beha ka thōko histori ea origami Japanese le ho retelehela mahlo a rōna a ho Europe, re ka bona hore ea mohlala lifofane entsoe ka pampiri - merero ea bona ba lule ba bohlokoa kajeno - ne a rata ho haha Leonardo kithe Vinci. Sebedisa entsoeng ka letlalo, a ka sebōpeho se seng sa dikai pele la lifofane la. Nakoana ka mor'a moo, barab'abo rōna ba Montgolfier haha pampiri ea mohlala a balune chesang moea. Ke tsela eo, pampiri le khanyang libolo-mabone tse ratoang haholo kajeno 'me fepa ka moea mofuthu tloha kerese e tukang, ba ile ba ka nka ho moeeng bakeng sa hōle haholo.

The moqapi ea dikai pele la gliders nkoa Dzhon Keli. E e etswa ho tswa ho folaxe, lifofane joalo qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII, ho matha bona ka letsoho ha ho lebeletswe.

Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore ha ho buuoa ka pele-pele ba dikai fofang sebetsa jwalo ka e ngata ho 1909, kajeno ke e boetse e ratoa haholo Crafts tsoa pampiri. Lifofane bao merero e ke makatsang tse fapa-fapaneng, bana ba qala ho mene ka bo-lilemo tse 4-5, 'me bakeng sa ho ba bang ba le thahasello e kholo ena e ntse e bohlokoa ho pholletsa le bophelo.

glider

E mong dikai batlang e le bonolo tse ngoana beha mong le e mong o na le sefofane sa pampiri (temperaturdiagramm tlase) bitsoa "Boom" kapa ba bang ba ea mofuta ofe "glider". ea mohlala ena e na le o babatsehang le litšobotsi tse sefofane le haholo bonolo. Etsa sefofane sa pampiri e - setshwantshothalo ka pel'a hao - ke feela tshebetso-mohato tse tšeletseng:

• beha ka pel'a lakane likhutlo li 'nè tsa pampiri le mene ka halofo hammoho lehlakoreng telele (longitudinal);
• likhutlong koba ka hare ho elella bohareng ba lakane ea ho theha e triangolo isosceles; leka ho etsa karolo ea lintho tse ngata kamoo ho ka khonehang e lekanang, sena e tla itšetleha ka tshebetso litšobotsi tsa sehlahiswa;
• koba sephetho le sebopeho bophara, e le hore ho tloha sekhutlo ho ka bohale ka tlaase e ne e ka 2.3 cm,;
• hang re eketsa e triangolo isosceles, 'me sebaka sa hore lithupa tsoa tlas'a hae, ikemiselitse ho ya hodimo, ka tsela eo ho lokisa le fuselage;
• Reteletse sebopeho sephetho le mene ka halofo lengthways;
• mene mapheo, etsa hore ba sebediswe hohle kapa tsesaane ka masene hao, e tla itšetleha ka hore na se phahameng le bonolo ho fofa lifofane.

Zielke

Sena sefofane Jeremane ea pampiri, eo sekemeng e boetse ke se e rarahaneng haholo, manoeuvrable haholo le e ntlafatsoa litšobotsi tse lebelo. Sena se finyelloa ka kopantseng le mohatla leseli le fuselage boima haholo, ka lebaka la moea ho ke ke ha e le tšitiso.

The pampiri sefofane origami - Silke sekemeng:

• nka eteni ya khutlonnetsepa sa pampiri eaba o mene ka halofo lengthways (tokelo ea ho le letšehali) le ka nako eo otlolla hape;
• Joale etsa e tšoanang, ho tloha holimo ho ea tlaase, batalatsa lakane 'me koba karolo holimo ho bohareng (bophara);
• koba ka likhutlong e ka holimo ho mola bohareng, karolong e ka holimo ba lokela ho shebahala joang truncated phiramiti;
• mene ka halofo tlaase e ka holimo karolo, e bohareng u tlanye mola hape;
• retelehela lehlakoreng morao sebopeho ho ka boeona 'me mene e ka halofo lengthways ho tloha lehlakoreng le letona la ho setse;
• Le letona ka holimo le letona angle koba tlaase le otlolla hape;
• atolosa le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le letona 'me koba e tlaase, e ka holimo ka morao karolo ea lesaka ka halofo;
• Etsa lepheo le letona - ho ke ke ka holimo lakane koba nepahetseng diagonally;
• Retelehela sehlahiswa me le qetelle lepheo la bobeli;
• Apare mapheo - sefofane ke loketse ho fofa.

makgobokgobo

E mong ea mohlala e hlile fofang. A re ke re leka 'me le etse ka sefofane ho tsoa pampiri, re na le morero:

• nka lakane sa pampiri (likhutlo li 'nè) le ho ba haholo tshekaletseng a selekane;
• ha sala letšoao nyenyane bohareng, fehlang arola lakane;
• arola lehlakoreng le letšehali la letho le ka likarolo 4 lekana, moleng bends tse 2;
• sotha karolo e ka tlaase ho e lokisa ya bohareng selekane mola le ho fihlela ho bohareng, e tšoanang phetha le halofo e ka holimo;
• Joale lehlakoreng le letona ho ea lakane haholo fehlang bohareng;
• ka mor'a moo ka bohale letho le hore a khopamise e le hore fumana e hlaha ka lehlakoreng leo e qala ho tswa ho karolo e mahareng le ho tluoa tabeng ea ho ho mela boraro lesaka (e bontšitsoeng ka ho temperaturdiagramm e, palo 4);
• Re eketsa hammoho ka tsela e tšoanang le pheletsong e 'ngoe;
• e sephetho le bends bohale ho triangolo vertex tsa angle obtuse, thehoa ka mahlakoreng;
• Thread karolo e hlaheletseng ho ea lepheo ka holimo ka pokothong e nyenyane, eo u amohetseng;
• Mene letho ka halofo hammoho bohareng ba bo-line 'me ba qale ho sebelisa mapheo foromo.

Ke tsohle, "Delta" lifofane loketse! Mathang!

Nka rata ho eketsa ka hore ha ea mohlala ena molemo ka ho fetisisa se ke a sebelisa pampiri le boima haholo, ho seng joalo u tla se sebetse hantle mantsoe a 'me ka ho hlaka rala mola seqha,' me e ka ama litšobotsi aerodynamic tsa lifofane le.

Cunard

The sefofane le hlahlamang ho tsoa pampiri, balebeli ba potoloho le ke e nyenyane boima le ho feta ho ba fetileng, tse reretsoeng ho fofa sebaka se selelele. A tšobotsi e khethehileng ke bokhoni ba ho rera hantle mantsoe a 'me ka bonolo le naha ka runway ena. Mona 's joang:

• nka sekhechana sa pampiri (thalong A4), koba ka halofo lengthways (tokelo ea ho le letšehali) le ka nako eo unbend khutlela boemo ba bona ba pele;
• ka holimo koba dikhutloteng ho setsi sa line, eo ke ka ho hlaka bonahalang;
• fetola sebopeho;
• Mene ea metshetshe lehlakoreng ho bohareng, ha morao ea koba ke ho sa hlokahale;
• taemane bohareng lesaka ka halofo, ho tloha holimo ho ea tlaase;
• koba topsheet triangolo bohareng ea holimo, rala feela tlase lemenong la koba fetileng;
• Mene sehlahisoa sephetho le e khutlela ka halofo;
• rala lera ka holimo obliquely ho le letona - ena ke lepheo; Reteletse letho le mene lepheo bobeli la lifofane la.

Beha ka mapheo, "e Cunard" loketse ho fofa. Ya e le hantle, ba bang ba bua ka maleme rerang bobe re ea mohlala ena e sebetsa ho lifofane fofa, empa ba eu tšoenyang o hanyetsa ditleime ena. Etsa sena bakeng sa hao le hlahloba sefofane.

Littl Niki

Ho proizvodnje joalo lifofane origami pampiri sekemeng tla e le molemo, hobane "Little Nicky" a ka behang ha ho joalo ho le bonolo, o lokela ho ba hlokolosi haholo. Sena lepheo lifofane le moloaneli kobehileng tšoanang haholo, ho na le maneuverability babatsehang 'me ho ka ba le lebelo molemo.

Bakeng sa proizvodnje sefofaneng ho, o tla hloka pampiring lisekoere-e bōpehileng joaloka:

• mene ea lakane ka halofo, 'me joale e ntan'o ba se nepahetseng le se le letšehali ya khutlonnetsepa karolo e itseng ea lesaka tšoanang ka halofo, o lokela ho ba le 4 likarolo lekanang;
• likhutlong tlaase khumama ho letšoao la pele la lemenong le mene moleng;
• Flip moralo le koba dikhutlotharo nģ'a bohareng;
• ka ho eketsehileng fokotsa hlobaetsang angle sebopeho le Tuck e downwardly le rearwardly e le hore e amang ka holimo lakane Moeli o;
• Joale koba lehlakoreng le setsi sa karolo;
• etsa le sutumelletsa sehlahiswa ka e ka holimo bohale fumanoe mesebetsi ea matsoho ka ho hula ntle le dikarolo ka;
• e sephetho le triangolo koba morao joalokaha ho bontšitsoe palo eo;
• lifofane mene ka halofo lengthways, mene mapheo fatše;
• Mene ea metshetshe oa mapheo a le otlolla lifofane.

All lesea Nicky loketse bakeng sa leeto ho ea pele! Flew!

khetho e 'ngoe

Le hore na a etse'ng ha beha lifofane ba ntse ba sa ile a fumana, kapa mohlomong o feela batla ho leka ntho e 'ngoe e ncha?

Ho na le tsela e 'ngoe ho lifofane bona tinkering sa pampiri - setshwantshothalo ho hatisa, khaola le mene likarolong tse felileng meleng e ka lohothwang. Ho bokella dikai tsena pampiri, o ka fumana e ngata stormtroopers, ha ho hobe le ho feta bo-ralitima-ba sebele le bombers, 'me haeba ba ne ba kopana haholo - ho hlophisa Solo mini-pontšo, e tla ananeloa ke metsoalle ea hao.

Mona ba bang ba melao e tataisang e bonolo:

• haeba u sitoa ho hatisa 'mala o setšoantšong, o se ts'oenyehe - o ka sebelisa hatisang o motsho-and-tšoeu, ebe hlalosa lifofane o qetile;
• haeba u batla ho khomaretsa le sefofane se seholo, ka nako eo nka lekana teteaneng pampiri, kapa lintho tse tla a holofala;
• bakeng sa lifofane tse nyenyane, hammoho le ho sebetsa ntle le dintlha e metle, re sebelisa pampiri e metle ofisi, ho ba bonolo ho khomarela;
• ho lemenong le ne le boreleli le e nepahetseng sebelisoa tšepe 'musi le dibukeng thipa ;
• ho hantle mantsoe a potolohileng tsoa lintlha hlokahala sebelisa pentšele, qeta e ka workpiece e le nako e telele e le metshetshe ke ke sotha;
• lehlakoreng tšoeu metshetshe ho molemo ho hlalosa, ho seng joalo ba ka senyang ponahalo ea ea mohlala o qetile;
• bakeng sa ho sebelisoa molemo oa sekhomaretsi bonaletsang tse kang "Moment The";

A seng kae ditomotsebe

Kamoo ka nepo le ka tsela e nepahetseng beha ea mohlala hao lifofane, li itšetlehile ka tshebetso lona. Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore pampiri e haholo leseli le lintho tse bonahalang a masesaane, hantle a phuthilweng lifofane ba na le matla a lekaneng, le tlas'a maemo a itseng a ka boloka foromo ka nako e telele.

U se ke ua potlakela, leka ho latela feela litaelo - the ka tsela e nepahetseng ho feta u tla ba khona ho pheta sekemeng, molemo o tla lebisa lifofane.

Bakeng sa sefofane hantle, khetha le mohlala joalo oo sebakeng lepheo haholo kholoanyane fuselage.

hloko ka ho khetheha mosebetsing oa ho e fuoa mohatla - ha di hantle a phuthilweng, lifofane li tla se fofa.

Khetha mohlala o nang le mapheo a ikemiselitse, e tla thusa ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi aerodynamic tsa lifofane le eketsa sefofane telele.

moroetsana sefofane

dikai kaofela lifofane pampiri, maano a hore li tšohloa sehloohong sena li fofang ka ho lekaneng (mohlomong ntle le "Canard"). Leha ho le joalo, ho na le melao e 'maloa ea lonthja o atlehileng ka:

• etsa bonnete ba hore sefofane se ke rarahaneng le letona, ho latela ka tieo le leqheka la ho;
• ka hloko hlahloba kamoo ka thelelo le ka nepo malala mapheo a ea mohlala ea;
• qala-up sefofane, ho boloka hlaha ka lehlakoreng le hoo e ka bang 40-45˚;
• Fetola matla a lonthja, ho itšetlehile ka hore na mochine ea hao ke ho le bonolo ho rera le ho fofa ho itima lijo tse lekaneng;

Le atlehileng. o fofa, mamello le ho se fele pelo. Etsa lifofane kamehla sa pampiri e bonolo ka ho lekaneng - the ntho e ka sehloohong eo ho ne ho le bonolo, pele 'me ka sebele o ne a tseba kamoo ho fofa.