The lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic (bokhutšoanyane)

Phelang tse phelang tse lulang Arctic, loana. bata haholo ha boemo ba leholimo, leqhoa ka ho sa feleng, lehloa le bosiu Polar likhoeli 5-6 selemo - likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa maemo a boima ao ka polar le potlana-Arctic sebakeng. The lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic ile ha thehoa maemo ana a thata. Ka litsela tse ngata tse phahameng-bolokolohi lintho tse phelang tikolohong e fapaneng ho tloha libakeng tse futhumetseng le e chesang e mongobo ea Ocean World (io). Totobatsa le ka bokhutšoanyane hlalosa makgetheng tsena.

Sehlōhō maemo tlhaho ka ho Arctic

Lehloa le serame ba hlōla ka holimo ho Arctic Circle, ho lefatše manyolo adapts ho makgetheng tsena tsa tlhaho. A karolo e itseng ea bohlokoa ea sebaka se arctic tsa lefatše lula libaka metsi a batang, tlameletsoe ho leqhoa. Linaheng tse fapaneng ka ho mokhoa oa ho e latelang sebaka mabitso: Arctic, Polar kapa Leoatle la Arctic. Summer ka latitudes phahameng khutšoanyane 'me pholile, nakong ea mariha e telele le e matla. Pula oela joaloka lehloa, palo ea bona palo yohle e nyenyane - feela ka 200 di ml.

The lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic - ke libōpuoa tse phelang tse e ahileng tlase, e lebōpong le lihlekehlekeng tse ngata tsa maoatle Arctic. Liphoofolo tse ngata le limela tse ling tse nyenyane ikamahanya le maemo ho batang ka lehloa le leqhoa. Ho joang tsena baahi shoeng tsa naha e le tse matla? Linonyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse phelang ka latitudes phahameng, hangata tšoeu.

The lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic (bokhutšoanyane)

ho se tšoane 'ohle a bophelo kwa tlase e bontša benthos. dimelametsing ena, mefuta itseng ea likhofu, coelenterates, khomaretse ho substrate ea raka, athe le kontinenteng letsoapong, hahaba crustaceans. Dimelametsing busitse kelp le fucus. Lipalesa semela eelgrass fumanoa White Sea. liphoofolo tse Benthic ba haholo-holo tse amanang le ho invertebrates (liboko, liponche, leoatle Anemones le linaleli, clams, makhala). Ba ile ba ka mamella mathata a batang le bolibeng lefifi la leoatle.

Tsa mefuta e ka bang 200 ea phytoplankton, ho fetisisa e amanang le diatoms.
limela Sparse lebōpong leoatle le archipelagos tse ngata emeloang gymnosperms, lipalesa limela le boriba. liketane lijo kenyeletsa zooplankton, invertebrates metsing, litlhapi, linonyana, liphoofolo tse anyesang. Lihlopha tse peli tsa ho qetela lule le lebōpo le lihlekehleke tsena, lijo bakeng sa bona hangata e fumanoang ka metsi a se nang leqhoa. Bakeng sa lefatše la linonyana tse Arctic e tšoauoa ka mefuta e esita le boleng, 'me lerata "rookeries" diversify ea lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic.

Lethathamo la liphoofolo Arctic

Invertebrates: sesang cyan, Ophiuroidea "hlooho Gorgon ya", clams le crustaceans.
Greenland Shark ikhethang har'a boholo kgolo tsa tlhapi. baemeli ba tse ling tsa liphoofolo litlhapi: litlhapi tsa salmon, herring, tseo tsa cod, kalaneng, flatfish (ho akarelletsa le Paltusova). Linonyana: ptarmigan, guillemot, lehloa sephooko, terns, lefatla ntsu.

liphoofolo tse anyesang:

• maruarua toothed (beluga leruarua, narwhal);
• litiiso (harepa, mechato, ringed tiiso, Hooded litiiso);
• walruses
• tšoeu kapa bere Polar;
• likhama (caribou)
• Arctic phiri;
• musk pholo;
• arctic mutla;
• lemming.

Dikamohelo ea limela le liphoofolo ho Arctic

The lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic ka mefuta e fapaneng ya phytoplankton hoo e ka bang jwalo ka libakeng tse e ka leboea ea la Atlantic le la Pacific. Ho thahasellisang ke hore ba bang ba dimelametsing nyenyane boloke matla a ho photosynthesize esita le leqhoa. Ka lebaka leo, ka holim'a metsi e tšoeu e koahetsoe le botala-sootho filimi, 'me leqhoa qhibiliha ka potlako. metsi tekano batang ruileng oksijene qhibiliha le naetrojene, ha theola boima ka holimo lera botebo nyolohelang hlokahala micronutrients ho phytoplankton. makgetheng tsena bopa maemo a molemo ka bakeng sa ho ntshetsa pele ka potlako tsa lintho tse phelang tse nyenyane.

mofuta o mong oa tšoantšetsa, letšoao la eo hlokomela lefatše manyolo ea Ocean Arctic - bere Polar. Sena ke e mong oa tse jang kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa lefatše; Batho ba baholo e motona 'mele fihla e-ba bolelele ba limithara tse 2-3. Ho fepa haholo-holo ka liqibi, litlhapi. Tšoeu Bear Arctic le liphoofolo tse ling ho ba le bokhoni ba ho fokotsa metabolism ka thempereichara e tlaase. Ba hōla butle-butle, empa ka fihla boholo haholo le batho ba hōlileng. Ka mohlala, libakeng tsa tropike leoatle urchin seoelo lulang lilemo tse 10, eo e leng mefuta e Polar ka 'na e-ba teng lilemo tse fetang 60.

maemo a klimate hanyane softer ka maoatle ea karolo e European ho Arctic, kahoo le limela le liphoofolo tse ruileng. The lieu fetisisa ke tebang kontinenteng raka, athe. Empa ka dimela bohle ba le lefatše manyolo ke ke ba futsanehileng e ka mefuta. Har'a ka mabaka a ka sehloohong - a boima ao ba a klimate a maemo a, ho hloka mahlaseli a letsatsi le mocheso bakeng sa limela, lebaka la ho hloka lijo tsa liphoofolo.

Kakaretso ea Ocean Arctic

Tlaase-tlaase le o batang ka karolo ea leoatle lefatšeng ae phethang% 4 feela sebaka lona palo yohle. Leoatleng la Arctic larileng ka hoo e ka bang bohareng ba Arctic. Sebaka Moeli o ne o ke tlas'a maemo a mola - Arctic Circle (66 ° e tšoanang le w Le ..). Arctic e akarelletsa libaka tse seng feela metsi, empa e boetse e le sehlekehleke sohle, lebōpong la lik'honthinenteng. Linōka tsa Leoatleng la Arctic - e mong oa ka ho fetisisa e tletseng phallang lefatšeng. Phalla ka Arctic maoatle: ho Yenisey, Lena, ob,, Pechora, Yana, Kolyma, Indigirka. Moqotetsane Bering Strait arola metsi Polar tsa Pacific. Le moeli oa leoatle la Atlantic matha ka Scandinavian Hloahloeng le e ka boroa ea Greenland. Ka naha ea Arctic e ka leboea hahlaula palo.