Mosebetsi le sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial. Sebopeho sa epithelial le connective dinama tse nyenyane tse

Lesela - sete ya lisele le intercellular ntho. Ho na le makgetha a ho le tloaelehileng la mohaho le o etsa mosebetsi o tšoanang. Ka 'mele oa mefuta e mene ea lisele: epithelial, ke tšohile, mesifa le connective.

Sebōpeho sa epithelial lisele batho le liphoofolo bakileng, pele ho tsohle, diriswa lona. Epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse ke lera moeli oa lisele tsa lera mmele integuments, lera la mucous tsa litho tsa ka hare le cavities. Hape, a mangata a tšepe 'meleng Ho thehoa epithelium.

litšobotsi tse akaretsang

Sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial nang palo litšobotsi tlholeho feela epithelium. The tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ke hore lesela ka boeona e na le mofuta o mong oa mokato e tsoelang pele ea lisele tse haufi le e mong le e tse ling.

Epithelium lera bokaholimo bohle ka 'mele, o na le mofuta o itseng oa sebōpeho, athe ka sebete, manyeme, thyroid, litsoelesa mathe,' me ba bang ke lesihla ea lisele. Tabeng ea pele e behoa tlhōrōng ea kamoreng e ka tlaase lera arola ho epithelium tswa dinama tse nyenyane tse connective. Empa ho na le ntle le mabaka a, ha sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial le connective bonoa moelelo oa sebelisana bona. Ka ho khetheha, tsamaisong ea lymphatic, ea alternation ea lisele epithelial le connective dinama tse nyenyane tse. mofuta ona wa epithelium o bitsoa atypical.

Phahameng regenerative bokgoni - ke tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea epithelium ena.

Polar lisele tsa dinama tse nyenyane tse, e leng ho bakoa ke ho se tšoane ha likarolo basal le apical tsa setsi sa seleng.

Sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial ke haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho leliboho le boemong ba eona, e leng, le eena, a etsang hore epithelium ke kgokahanyo bohlokoa ka tshebetso ya ho phapanyetsano. dinama tse nyenyane tse ena ho akarelletsa ho absorption limatlafatsi tswa intestine ka mali le lisele tsa mmele, moroto karohano ka epithelia liphio le joalo. On. U ka boela oa se ke ua lebala ka mosebetsi le ho sireletsa, e leng ho sireletsa lisele liphellong kotsi.

Sebōpeho sa lintho tse bonahalang tse eaba ba etsa kamoreng e ka tlaase lera, e bontša hore ho na le e khōlō palo ya mucopolysaccharides, hammoho le khokahano ea fibrils e metle.

Ka beha dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial?

Features ya sebopeho ya dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial tsa batho le liphoofolo e haholo-holo bitsetsa ke taba ea hore ntshetsopeleng lona e phethahatsoa ho tsohle tse tharo le dikarolo kokoana-hloko. Tsobotsi ena ke tšobotsi feela ya mofuta ona wa lesela. Ectoderm fana phahama ho letlalo epithelium, molomo cavity, e leng karolo e khōlō ea metso ea, cornea; endoderm - the epithelium pampitšaneng ena gastrointestinal; le mesoderm - the epithelium tsa litho tsa mosese le lera la serous.

Ka ntshetsopeleng embryonic qala ho ba le ka mekhahlelo pele-pele. Ho tloha ka bophara le chelete e lekaneng ea placental epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse, e le ba mokha oa phapanyetsano ya dintho pakeng tsa 'mè le lesea.

Ho boloka botšepehi ba lisele epithelial

The sebelisana tsa boahelani lisele tse ka sebopeho ke khoneha ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha desmosomes. Ena e khethehileng sebopeho multiple ea boholo submicroscopic, e akarelletsa ho dihalofo tse pedi. E mong le e ba bona ba, thickening libakeng tse ling, ae phethang le bokaholimo haufi ea lisele tsa boahelani. Lekhalo slit-joaloka pakeng tsa dihalofo tsa desmosomes ke k'habohaedreite etsahala ntho.

Maemong a moo libaka intercellular ke ka bophara, desmosomes leng teng ba lipheletsong tsa tobane bulging cytoplasm ho ikopanya le liseleng. Ha re sheba 'maloa bulging tlasa microscope, o tla fumana hore ba na le mokhoa o mong oa marokho intercellular.

Ka tse nyenyane botšepehi ba intestine seam e hlokomelwa ke logan ea lera la seleng ea lisele tse haufi le tšimong ea ho ikopanya. libaka tse joalo li atisa ho bitsoa lipoleiti ka kobendaka.

Ho na le Maemong a mang moo ho na le ha ho na mehaho e khethehileng bakeng sa botšepehi. Ebe o ikopanye boahelani lisele tse e etsoa ka ho ikopanya le pakeng tsa bokaholimo bo batalle kapa sotha liseleng. The metshetshe ea lisele e ka imbricate lepelela.

Sebōpeho sa lisele tse epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse

Likarolo tse khethehileng tsa lisele epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse ke ho ba teng holim'a metsi bona tsa lera lero la mali.

Lisele tse amehang kabo ya dihlahiswa tshilong ya dijo ka lero la mali lera ea karolo e basal tsa 'mele ke le seleng e hlokometse phutha.

lisele tse Epithelial - ho thoeng saense e ea lisele eaba ba etsa e dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial. Features ya sebopeho sa, mosebetsi ea lisele epithelial tse haufi-ufi amanang. Kahoo, ho latela sebōpeho sa kabelo ea bona sebakeng se bataletseng sa, dikubita le columnar. Ho ea mantlha ea amohelwa euchromatin, ka tsela eo e nang le 'mala o bobebe. The konokono tsa ho ena e kholo, sebopeho lona e lumellana le sebopeho ea lisele.

A bontša polarity etsa hore sebaka sa nuclei karolong basal, ho mitochondria tse ka hodimo ho lona, Golgi sethusathuto le centrioles. Liseleng, mosebetsi secretory ea phetha ka ho khetheha hantle ntshetswa pele endoplasmic reticulum le Golgi rarahaneng. Epithelium nang bo boholoanyane lisele tse phetha molao mojaro tsamaisong bona o yarns khethehileng - tonofibrils tse fuwa mokoallo le reretsoe ho sireletsa liseleng tse khahlanong le deformation.

microvilli

Lisele tse ling li, kapa ho ena cytoplasm bona holim'a metsi ka theha nyenyane, o ile a laela supa ka ntle, sekame - microvilli. Moholo ka ho fetisisa lesihla le di a fumaneha holim'a apical tsa epithelium ka intestine banyenyane le ba likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa tubules convoluted tsa liphio. Ka lebaka la tokisetso e tšoanang le ea microvilli ka lera ka hare ea mala hlobolisa epithelium le borashe liphio leliboho ba thehoa, e leng ka bonoa ka tlas'a e ya microscope Optical. Ho phaella moo, microvilli libakeng tsena e na le a 'maloa a potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale.

tlhophiso

Features ya sebopeho ya dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial libakeng fapaneng re lumella ho go arologana bona ka mabaka a 'maloa.

Ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho ea lisele epithelium ka ba cylindrical, dikubita, le bataletseng, le ho itšetlehile ka lefelo la lisele tse - le mong lera le multilayer.

Hape secrete e epithelium glandular, o etsoa ka mosebetsi secretory ea 'mele.

A epithelium le 'ngoe-lera

Lebitso la mokato le 'ngoe ea epithelium ipuella: ke lisele tsohle tse teng ka kamoreng e ka tlaase lera ka lera e le' ngoe. Ha sebōpeho sa lisele tsohle ke e tšoanang (khr. E. Ke isomorphic) le tsona seleng e nuclei ba ka phahameng ka ho tšoanang, re ka epithelia le 'ngoe mola. Ha e le lisele tse monolayer epithelium hlokomela alternation tsa dibopeho fapaneng, nuclei bona ba sebakeng maemong a fapaneng, ho anizomorfny kapa pseudostratified epithelium.

stratified epithelium

Ka multilayered epithelium feela lera ka tlaase a kopana le kamoreng e ka tlaase lera le dikarolo tse ding teng ka holimo ho. Sebopeho sa lisele tsa le dikarolo tse fapaneng tse fapaneng. Sebōpeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial tsa mofuta ona o dumella ho kgetha mefuta e 'maloa ea epithelium multilayered ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho le boemo ba lera ka ntle ea lisele: e multilayer a bataletseng multilayered keratinizing (fumaneha keratinized sekala holim'a metsi), selotlolo neorogovevayuschy.

Ho na le seo ho thoeng ke mmuisi epithelium lera makala a tsamaiso excretory. Ho itšetlehile ka hore na 'mele o e fokotsehile kapa otlolla, lesela fetoha mofuta o fapaneng. Kahoo, thinning ea epithelium e boemong ba ho ya ho theha le dikarolo tse peli tsa lisele tse tensile senya - basal le sekoahelo. 'Me ha senya e a petetswa (khutsufatsa) foromo epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse thickens ka tsela e hlollang, basal lisele tse lera ke polymorphs le nuclei ba bona ba methating e fapaneng. lisele tse Coverslips be le pere sebopeho le ba laminated ka mong ho e mong.

Gistogeneticheskaja tlhophiso ea epithelia

Sebopeho sa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial tsa batho le liphoofolo ke hore hangata batho ka taba ea ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa saense le tsa meriana. Maemong ana, tšebeliso gistogenetichekuyu tlhophiso hangata ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele ke academician N. G. Hlopinym. Tumellanong le eona le mefuta e mehlano ea epithelium. The criterion ke hantle seo rudiments ea ho ba le lisele tse nakong embryogenesis.

1. Epidermal mofuta, qalo e se e fuoa ectoderm le prechordal poleiti.

2. Enterodermalny mofuta, ntshetsopele ya eo e ne e le ka lebaka la ho endoderm mala.

3. Tselonefrodermalny mofuta, ntshetswa pele ho tloha lera coelomic le nephrotomy.

4. Angiodermalny mofuta, ntshetsopele ya tse qala ho tloha karolo e itseng ea mesenchyme e, eaba ba etsa le endothelium vascular, eo e bitsoa angioblasts.

5. Ependimoglialny mofuta, le ileng la qala o ile a fa tube neural.

Features ya sebopeho sa epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse etsang litsoelesa

Glandular epithelium etsa mosebetsi secretory. mofuta ona wa lesela ke pokello ea glandular lisele tse (secretory) bitsoa granulocytes. mosebetsi oa bona ke ho kenya tshebetsong le tswakana le ho itšehla thajana ea dintho e itseng - liphiri.

Ke ka lebaka la secretion la 'mele ke khona ho phetha mesebetsi ea tse ngata tsa bohlokoa. Litsoelesa secrete liphiri ka letlalo le lera la mucous, ka hare ho cavities ba 'maloa ba litho tse ka hare, hammoho le ka mali a le lisele tsa mmele. Tabeng ea pele, re ba exocrine, 'me bobeli - ba litsoelesa le endocrine.

Exocrine secretion dumella ho hlahisa lebese (mmele motšehali), gastric le dijusi mala, mathe, bile, mofufutso le sebum. Liphiri tsa litsoelesa endocrine ba li-hormone hore ho phetha molao oa tsamaiso humoral 'meleng.

Sebōpeho sa mofuta ona wa dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial ka 'na ba e fapaneng ka lebaka la' nete ea hore granulocytes ka nka tsa dibopeho tse fapaneng. Sena se itšetlehile ka mohato secretion.

Bobeli mefuta litsoelesa (endocrine le exocrine) le ka ho botjwa seleng e 'ngoe (ea se nang molekane a ka cell) kapa plurality lisele tse (multicellular).