Moralo Dawes ka tsela ea resuscitation moruo Jeremane lilemong tsa bo-1920s

Ka mor'a ho hlōloa tsa Jeremane Empire le Selekane sa Versailles ile a saena ka Pele World Ntoa ea 1914-1918. Ke mantsoe a eona, Jeremane a tlameha ho lefa reparations linaheng tsa Entente. The boholo le ka nako puseletso e sa hantle laolwa ke selekane khotso. Ka lilemo tse 2-3, Jeremane o ne a tobane le mathata a moruo. Ka 1924, Moralo wa Dawes ne a etselitsoe ho tsosolosa teka-tekano ea ditefello tse ya moruo Sejeremane.

Franco-Sejeremane khohlano sebakeng Ruhr

E 'ngoe ea linaha tsa hore itšetleha ho lokisa, e ne e le Fora. Ha Jeremane mora ho qala ha e bothata bo tebileng boo a moruo, mathata a ile a qala ka ho lefa reparations, Mopresidente Poincare etsa qeto ea ho kena masole French sebakeng Ruhr. Joalokaha u tseba, e Ruhr - ke mohlodi e ngata sebakeng ka ho fetisisa Jeremane. Ho na le limaraka e fapaneng ya mashala epilwe, eo ka nako eo e ile pharaletseng sebediswa ho indasteri, le ka terene e. French hlasela sebaka seo Jeremane ne maikemisetso 'maloa:

• netefatsa phepelo e sa khaotseng ea ditefello tse reparation ho Fora;
• ho fihlella ho Sejeremane lirafshoa tsa industrialists French;
• fokolisang la tšusumetso ea Engelane le US lipolotiking Europe.

Jeremane ho hanyetsa e ile ea nka likhoeli tse 8. Ka hoetla ea 1923, 'muso oa Jeremane e ile ea fela dithuso bakeng sa ntoa e khahlanong le ho atolosoa French. France leka ho kokobetsa Jeremane ka boeona, eo e sa kenyelletsoa le merero ea baeta-pele ba bang lefatšeng.

Mosebetsi buseletse sa litsebi ho ithuta boemo ba lichelete tsa Jeremane

Ka November 1923, baahi ba matjhabeng ba se emisitseng khomishene, eo hamorao e ntshetswa pele Moralo wa Dawes. mesebetsi ea mosebetsi oa e-ba teng tsa moruo litsebi tse tsoang Europe, hammoho le litsebi motho ba tsoang United States. Mohaho 'mele e se e bōpileng likomiti tse peli. Pele o ile a sebetsa ka ho tsosolosoa ha chelete Sejeremane. Pharalla tsa karohano ea bobeli e ne e ena dipotso batla kgutlele menyetla e leng motse-moholo naheng, nkiloeng linaheng tse ling. chelete ena ka hlooho ho resuscitation tsa moruo, hobane feela o atlehileng ka ntshetsopele ya moruo ya Jeremane ka fana ka reparations.

Ntshetsopele le ho nkeloa ka lapeng la leqheka Entente

La 14 January, 1924 London, e ile ea bula sebokeng sa komiti ea litsebi. O leba ka setsebi setjhabneg American muelli Charles Dawes. Pele ho ikopanya le Komiti ea matsatsi a seng makae le sehlopha sa financiers ba nang le phihlelo e neng e tšoaretsoe Jeremane e le hore ho ithuta setshwantsho ea sebele ea boemo ba moruo. Ka lebaka la ho ya data a fumana hore e se e ntshetswa pele ka tlaleho eo e ne e entsoe setjhaba sebokeng London.

Ha re bua ka Plan Dawes le Ka bokhutšoanyane, o ile a rarolla bothata bona ea ho tsosolosa ya solvency ya moruo Jeremane bakeng sa tefo ea reparations. Sebopeho sa tlaleho eo e ile ea aroloa likarolo tse tharo. Qalong khopolo ea ne e le hore ho lokisa - ke feela sekoloto Link ea ho sebedisanwang Jeremane Bophirimela, e seng e le tsela ea kotlo bakeng sa mathata ao hore linaha Entente phihlelo nakong ea ntoa.

Dawes na mwango ya bitswang bakeng sa tokisetso ea ho reka ka mokitlane ho hlaphoheloa Jeremane moruo ka tjhelete e ya matshwao limilione tse 800. Phapang ka sehloohong pakeng tsa ho reka ka mokitlane hona ho tloha hona joale linaheng tse mananeo a sebedisana alima le IMF ne e le hore Jeremane e fetisitswe ka khethehileng bokhomishenara lekhetho le matla a ho laola tekanyetso. Ho phaella moo, Company entse khethehileng, e leng bapaloa ka taolo ea tsamaiso ea terene se Jeremane ka lilemo tse 40. Ha e le hantle, ho laola fetang setšeng mosolotogamaano fetile matsohong a batho. Laola chelete ea 'muso le tsona lahlehileng ka lebaka le tokelo ea ho hatisa chelete o ile a fumana ho khethehileng thehilwe banka, e neng e ka tlas'a Selekane taolo. Dawes Plan hape beha lekhetho kgolo ka baahi. Mehloli e ka sehloohong ea ho bōptjoa ha chelete reparative ne lik'hamphani poraefete lekgetho le naha tekanyetso.

Liphello tsa leano la Selekane

Kamohelo ea Moralo wa Dawes bile le liphello bobeli ntle 'me mpe bakeng sa linaha tsa Europe. Se finyelloa:

• tsitsisa maemo a moruo a Jeremane;
• qalella ditefello tse reparation.

lintlha tse mpe:

• impoverishment ea baahi;
• ho qaloa ho makhetho boima bakeng sa baahi ba ile ea etsa hore ho phahama ha boemo ba ipelaetsa fetoha ha maikutlo sechabeng;
• tla matla ka 1933, mokga Manazi le Adolf Hitler.