Ke eng mehaho moralo oa isoprene

isoprene ke eng? The moralo kakaretso oa motsoako le boikarabelo ba homologous series hydrocarbons diene, o na le sebopeho CnH2n-2. Re hlahlobe tse ling mekgwa ya ba lokisetsa ho ea metsoako lik'hemik'hale, 'me fumana ho ho pharalla mantlha lona.

Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane ea thepa 'meleng

Re thathamisa thepa ea motheo 'meleng isoprene ena. Sena diene hydrocarbon -toxic, o na hlokomolohuoang solubility ka metsing. Phahameng concentrations ea lithethefatsi ena ama narcotic. The lebetsoeng le lumelleha mahloriso, bo se nang kotsi ho batho, e nkoa e le 40 mg, / cm, ^3. Le ho eketseha ha pontshi ena ke 2-isoprene-1.3 nang le tšusumetso e mpe ho e tlameletswe dikelellong tsa batho. Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ntho e ke colorless hloka botsitso mokelikeli ho ba le tlaase belang ntlha.

thepa haholo-holo lik'hemik'hale

ba tsebahala ka eng mehaho moralo oa isoprene? tse pedi litlamo habeli ba teng le ka ho hlophisoa ha ho kompone manyolo. Ba khethollang ho sebelisana mantlha lik'hemik'hale hore metsoako moemeli diene le lintho tse ling tse manyolo le inorganic. Isoprene e habonolo haholo oxidized moeeng oksijene, moo lihlahisoa ba itšoara joang ke peroxides.

molekyler

Tla ka molekyler tsa isoprene? The moralo kakaretso oa sehlopha sa ho eo hydrocarbon na mokgwa CnH2n-2. Joaloka litho tse ling tsa homologous series ea 1,3-butadiene, isoprene khona ho eaba ba etsa e phahameng-limolek'hule komponeng.

Ka ho phetha molekyler tshebetso ya sebopeho sa cis le ranole polyisoprene, tse analogues ya rabara ea tlhaho.

Ba lokisetsa ho ea rabara tsa tlhaho

Seo isoprene? itšoare ka tse etsahalang ka nako e tšoanang a amanang le ho sokoloha ha isoprene monomer ka polymer ka - polyisoprene. Bakeng sa ho itšehla thajana ea rabara tsa tlhaho ho ba le mohaho o tšoanang le 2-1,3-metilbutadienom, sebelisa sika la lifate tsa libakeng tsa tropike.

The lero sephetho ile ea behoa tlas'a ho vulcanization kalafo o entsoeng ka chloride sebabole. Ka rabara ena lik'hemik'hale itsoara joang ka monyang bang sebabole, fumana plasticity, elasticity. The molekyler sehlahisoa ne tsitsitseng ho mocheso, lik'hemik'hale mabifi. The mehaho moralo oa isoprene hlalosa phallo litšobotsi tsa tshebetso vulcanization.

Ha sebelisana ena lik'hemik'hale ho nka sebabole ka mefuta e fapaneng ya 25 ho karolo ea 40 lekholong, li ka fumana ebano. boitsebiso boo e phahameng matla, e sebelisoa e le lintho tse bonahalang e babatsehang li sireletsang serameng. The mehaho moralo oa isoprene, eo ile a kopana le sebabole, e na le se na litlamo habeli. E hlalosa sebopeho sehlahiswa le matla a lona phetha molao feela.

Polyisoprene rubbers fumana polymers tsohle sebelisitsoe ka proizvodnje sefofaneng, koloi, likamore baesekele le mabili.

Ke eng hape e ka bolella mehaho moralo isoprene? Ke khona ho phaella moo itsoara joang ka ea litlamo habeli le limolek'hule galogenovdorodov, halogens, hydrogen, metsi. liphetoho tsena ipaka isoprene bao e leng sehlopha sa ba hydrocarbons unsaturated.

Mekhoa bakeng sa ba lokisetsa ho indasteri ya

Ho na le mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho hlahisoeng liindasteri tsa isoprene. Ka mohlala, ke itšoara acetylene le monohalogen acetone itsoara joang ho akarelletsa ho sebopeho sa metibutinola lipakeng. Mora hydrogenation lona, lateloa ke dehydration ba hlahiswa isoprene. Hape, hoa khoneha ho fumana 2-methylbutadiene-1,3 propylene. Ka tlhopho ya etswa ha ka eketsa ka dintho tse eketsehileng ho fumana methane e.

Tshebediso ya isoprene

The bongata ba isoprene hlahiswa e sebediswa bakeng sa tswakana tsa rabara isoprene. O 'meleng le litšobotsi tse lik'hemik'hale ke hoo e ka bang le tsoanang ho thepa tlhaho. dikopo tse eketsehileng tsa motsoako o qetile phahameng-limolek'hule bitsoa tlhahisong ea mabili koloi.

Ho phaella ho cis-isomer, har'a dihlahiswa molekyler ho boetse ho na le isomer ranole, ea nang le litšobotsi tsa gutta percha. Ha a na e khethehileng dikopo liindasteri. boitsebiso boo polymeric ke ho bopa bolo tai game ea kolofo hammoho le bakeng sa tlhahiso ea kwahelang ea lithapo motlakase. Har'a mafapha bohlokoa kopo e ka ba hlaheletseng isoprene tswakana ea thepa polymeric theha styrene-isoprene-styrene. Products tsa mofuta ona li sebelisoa e le thepa thermoplastic, likhomaretsi, khatello hlokolosi.

Isoprene e hlokehang bakeng sa tswakana tsa rabara monoethyl, dikahare tsa lona ditirisanommogo ka ho tluoa tabeng ea ho ba etsang liphesente tse tharo.

Ho tloha qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la ho qetela ka ho United States o qalile ho hlahisoeng khoebo ea terpenes tswa fepa ka motsoako oa isoprene, acetylene, monohalogen acetone. Theknoloji, e leng e thehiloe mokhoa ona, tse akarelletsang a-mohato tse peli tswakana.