Ho oa ha Amur River tswa mohloding wa ho molomo

Nōka e khōlō ea e Hōle Bochabela District - Amur. Ho latela entsprechen lona hydrological se emelang sebakeng 4th har'a 10 kholo ka ho fetisisa linoka Serussia. Pele ho eena feela ob,, Yenisei le Lena, eo phallang ho tloha ka boroa ho Siberia e leoatleng la Leoatle la Arctic. Ha ho bapisoa, Amur o ile a khetha letamo fapaneng - Pacific, 'me phallang ho tloha bophirimela ho ka bochabela. Molatsoaneng qala thabeng Transbaikalia thota tswa tshwaragano tsa Shilka le Argun. Le 2824 km le, metsi ea Amur noka aa tšela ka le Leoatle la Pacific haufi le toropo ea Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, metsotso hammoho le lebōpo la Tatar Strait. The gare ga mokoti sebakeng la nōka ea beisine ka 1855 sq.km. Ho oa le ho ea letsoapong la Amur River itšetlehile ka sebaka ka: e thabeng e ka holimo, ka tlaase - bataletse.

mantsoe a hydrological

thepa ea phallo ea metsi holim sekametse e bontšoa ke mantsoe a kang ho oa le ho ea letsoapong longitudinal tsa nōka. Bakeng sa boikemisetso ba ditekanyetso tsena ho hlokahala hore ho tseba elevations ya holim'a metsi (bohale) ka lintlha tse thontsweng le hōjana therebetween lekanya hammoho molatsoaneng. Watermarks ba hlalosoa pakeng tsa metsi a tlaase-tlaase ba 'eme ba - ka ea metsi tlaase.

Fall River - feta boemong ba ka tlaase ho linoka tsa ntlha teng nyolosa. Lekanya ka diyuniti guttate ba bolelele - ka limithara tse kapa di emetse disentimitara.

Letsoapong la nōka - balwa tlhamiwe boleng laolwang ke quotient la Nōka incidence ka bolelele ba eona pakeng tsa lintlha tsa hlakisitse hore. Hlalosoa e le ‰ - ka mila (sekete la ba bangata le) kapa% (hundredths).

A bolela hore noka leeme le moralo o balletsweng ke = H1 - h2 / L, ao ho 'ona:

Ke - longitudinal letsoapong nōka% kapa ‰;

H1 - boemong ba letšoao la nōka ea ka holimo a hlalosoa ke karolo e limithara;

h2 - e tšoanang, kwa tlase, limithara;

L - bolelele la nōka ea pakeng tsa lintlha tse hlalositswe limithara tse kapa km.

Feletseng lerotholi la nōka - phapang ka bophahamo ka mohloli le molomo. Ha ho tsotellehe hore seo e tla ntlha - mong ka rōna kapa ka ho feletseng.

Karolelano leeme River - ka lebaka la ho arola lerotholi palo yohle ka bolelele ba eona ka kakaretso.

Ke boleng ba letsoapong noka, u ka fumana hore na mofuta ho eena. Bakeng sa linōka lithaba tšoauoa ka bopengwi kgolo lekanya ho tloha mashome a emetse disentimitara ho mashome a seng makae tsa limithara tse. Ka bopengwi thota nyenyane, lekanya ka di emetse disentimitara. E tsebahala ka leeme la phallo lebelo la metsi nōka.

The Amur noka

Falling ho tloha qalong ho molomo ke 304 limithara palo ena -. Phapang pakeng tsa elevations le ka molomo (0 m - bophahamo ba leoatle) le mohloli oa nōka.

Qala Cupid - kopane tsa Shilka le Argun. . Setempe holim'a ka nako ena le hokahanyang likhato 53 21.5 motsotso ke 304 limithara Kahoo, lerotholi ka kakaretso ka Amur noka ne e tla ba: 304 - 0 = 304 m.

Ho tseba bolelele a nōka le a oa fumana karolelano longitudinal letsoapong la molatsoaneng, ho lekana le:

Ke = 304/2824 = 0.107 ‰ lekaneng kapa 0,11 ‰.

Sena se bolela hore ho itšetlehile ka tataiso eo ea ho fallela (by libaka kapa mapa), ka ho ya ka kilometer dari bolelele ba holim noka metsi boemo ba eona izmenyaeetsya cm, 11. Ha mokhatlo oa tlaase ho linoka, e le lerotholinyana ka Amur River le nako ha fokotseha kilometer dari 11 cm,. Empa ena ke boleng lekantsoeng, jwalo ka ha molatsoaneng phallang hammoho holim'a metsi ka hlaha ka lehlakoreng le tšoanang la tšekamelo.

Ha e le hantle, maemo a joalo bakeng sa linōka tsa lefatše ha e yo kae kapa kae. Channel bona beha maemo a fapa-fapaneng geomorphological. Ba ama ba dipharologano fa ya ditekanyetso le oela letsoapong, esita le ka nako ya e mong oa nōka.

likarolo 3 (emisitswe), ho itšetlehile ka sebaka le ka sebopeho sa phallo le molapo e arotsoe Cupid. Oela le matsoapo e ka Holimo, bo Hare e ka Tlaase Amur fapaneng.

ka holimo Amur

Mohloli oa tshimolotse hae ho tswa ho confluence ea Argun le Shilka. Beha ikemiselitse ntlha ea lebōpong le ka bochabela sehlekehlekeng Mad tšoauoa bohale 304 limithara ka qetellong o ile a amohela. Melomong ea nōka Zeya - the tributary le letšehali, e leng ho phallang ka 1936 km le tsoang molomong oa ka Amur. Ka lebaka leo, bolelele ba 888 km SE tsa Lower Amur. Bophahamo ripitloa le boleng ba 125 m. Fall River Amour le letsoapong sebakeng sena e ne e le 179 m 'le 0,2 ‰ ho latellana. Tlhaku phalla haufi le molapo lithaba - the lebelo phallo ke karolelano ea 1,5 limithara / s. Bophara ba kanale ea metsi tlaase ho tloha 420 limithara ho 1 km SE.

bohareng Amur

lintlha Plot e felle feela: e ka holimo le molapo - r.Zei molomo (Blagoveshensk) le letšoao bophahamo 125 limithara, tlase - e molomo Ussuri (y el s.Kazakevichevo) - bophahamo bohale karolo bolelele ba 41 limithara - 970. Km. Amur Fall River mona ke 84 limithara, 'me ea letsoapong (84/970) 0,086 ‰. Hona ho bolela elevations tlaase bohale 8,6 cm, ho 1 km SE tsa nōka. Ho phalla lebelo la 5.5 go km SE / H kapa 1, 47 limithara / s. bophara Channel ho tloha 530 ho 1170 m.

tlaase Amur

Beha sebaka se pakeng tsa lintlha tse nōka - 966 km SE (molomong oa Amur ho confluence ka mo Ussury inflow). Elevations: ntlha holimo - 41 limithara, tlase - bophahamo ba leoatle 0 limithara ho bolela hore lerotholi la Amur noka sebakeng sena - 41 limithara letsoapong - 0.042 ‰ ... Sekhahla phallo ea phallo tlaase limithara 0,9 / s, ka metsi a phahameng ho 1.2 limithara / s. E le bophara ba le kanaleng - ho tloha 2 km (libaka) ho 11 km le, 'me molomo oa ka - ho fihlela ho 16 km SE.

The hydrological puso ea nōka

Amur tšoauoa ka phahameng metsi matlafatso: poleloana e reng karolelano ea selemo le selemo elela ga metsi 403 km SE dikhubu, tekanyo karolelano phallo ka tsona ka melomo ea 12800 cubic metres / s.

Main matla phepelo (ho fihlela ho 80% ya phallo ea) - ea lehlabula 'me a oa pula lishaoara. Tse setseng 20% ho palo ea qhibiliha le tlase ho lefatshe, e diphesente hoo e ka bang lekanang.

Meltwater fepa nōka April ho May, kahoo ho moroallo a otlolla le ba modumo nyenyane ea phallo hase eena ea bakang ho phahama ho maemo a phahameng. nako moroallo hangata selemo le selemo e ka July-August. Ka nako ena, ka linako tse ling litaba ho 75% ya elela ga metsi selemo le selemo.

maemo batlang e le e tlase ya matshwao (tlaase metsi a) ho hlokahala hore ho ela hloko hore moroallo bona ho feta 10-15 limithara kemisong e ka holimo 'me a bohareng, le tlaase ho linoka - ho fihlela ho 6-8 limithara pula boima sesosa spills bo Hare e ka Tlaase Amur ho 25 km le maemo a phahameng a bolokoa. ka libakeng tse le tletse metsi ho fihlela ho matsatsi a 70.

Multi-letsatsi lipula lipula ka August 2013 baka likhohola koluoa ea Amur beisine, likhohola metsana ea batho 'me masimo.

Summer tlaase metsi a ka mor'a hore ho nyamela ha ho "motso" oa metsi (snowmelt lithabeng) - qetellong ea June. Hoetla - ho elella bofelong ba September-mathoasong a October. Hatsele-up le hlaha ho elella bofelong ba October - mathoasong a November. Qalang tsa leqhoa - ka mor'a ea pele matsatsi a leshome ea April le May.