Culverts: mefuta e, boholo bo, sesebediswa

Bakeng sa ho tlosa phallang tse nyenyane metsi le makhalong tlas'a culverts tsela e sebelisoang. ho sebelisa ha bona ho loketse ho feta ho haha borokho.

ya kgopolo ya kakaretso

Bakeng sa temana ea metsi ho tloha holimo ho ea botlaaseng ba culverts tseleng sebediswa. Tsena li akarelletsa culverts, marokho, tsamaiso ea drainage. Ea bobeli li sebelisoa bakeng sa temana tlas'a holim'a metsi tseleng ea metjha e fapaneng.

Culverts sebelisoa maemong a moo u batla ho tlōla-tlōla e le monya metsi ka tse nyenyane tseleng (melapo, draining ea metsi ka mor'a pula kapa lehloa le joalo-joalo). Fete liphaephe metsi a ka ho phethahatsoa tswelela pele kapa batchwise. Ka mehaho ena ka linako tse ling ho hlophisa temana likhomo kapa kangoo lipalangoang.

sethusathuto le ha a hloke culvert narrowing tsa carriageway, 'me ho fetola mofuta oa holim' tseleng. Ka holimo ho rarollela sebopeho e lokisetsa. Botenya tšela mobu ho fokotsa khatello ka kaho ea likoloi le ho nolofatsa tshusumetso.

Ho sebelisoa ha liphaephe tsa temana ea metsi e na le melemo ea eona:

• Pipe tlhomamiso sebaka se se nang ho senya le roadbed.

• Pipe tlhomamiso e theko e tlaase ho feta ho haha borokho.

• Ha backfill lera le tsona ka botenya ba fetang 2 limithara tšusumetso e ka kaho ea mejaro nakoana feta lipalangoang e fokotsa.

phala boholo bo

Bophara culvert itshetlehile bolelele ba eona:

• Haeba bolelele tube, ha e feta 3.2 limithara le ba bolelele ba embankment ka tlase ho 7,5 limithara, se qalang tube, e kgethile lekanang 100-150 cm,.

• Bakeng sa tutulu ho 1.5 limithara bophara e ka 75 cm.

• Methapo ka hare ho ea likopanong tse cm, 50 le bophara ba.

Tlas'a Litsela dihlopha 2-4 'na ha sebelisoa culverts ka bophara oa cm, 100 le bolelele ba 30 limithara Haeba bophara ke 75 cm,., Bolelele ba tube, ha ea lokela ho ba ho feta 15 m.

tlhophiso

Culverts classified ka entsprechen 'maloa.

Ho itšetlehile ka lintho tse bonahalang ho tswa ho tse di entse:

• Konkreite.

• The polymer (Polymer, polyvinyl chloride le nhua polyethylene).

• Matlafatsoa konkreite.

• Lejoe.

• Metal.

• Fiberglass.

'maloa mefuta arohaneng tsa lipeipi, ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho sefapano sectional:

• Pota.

• Arch.

• Elliptical.

• Likhutlo li 'nè.

• Trapezoidal.

• Ovoidalnye.

• Kgutlotharo.

Ho ea ka molao-motheo oa karolo e reng:

• Unconfined.

• Khatello.

• Polunapornye.

Ka-karolo leketla sefapanong liphaephe ka 'na ba e mong, tse peli kapa ho feta lintlha tse.

likarolo tsa motheo tsa tube, le tlhomamiso bona

Culverts bopilwe likarolo tse 'maloa:

• Input karate.

• The maqhama tsa phala.

• Khumo karate.

Thanks ho mabota qetellong ka tube, u se ke ua theha eddies, swirls, metsi phallang butle. boteng ba bona ha e fane phallang metsi ho hlatsoa tlosa tutulu le tlosa ho metheo.

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea mabota qetellong:

• Portal, tse hahoa ka mokgwa wa e perpendicular phala kolanda kobomba leboteng. Sena ke moralo e bonolo ka ho fetisisa, empa o na le haelloang teng lona. Ha ho fana ka phallo boreleli tsa metsi. Ka hona, ho e sebelisa buelloa maemong a le e nyenyane ea metsi a phallang ka lebelo le tlaase. Gantry karate sebediswa bakeng sa liphaephe le bophara ea 50-75 cm,.
• Socketed. Ho feta moo leboteng, ba na le mapheo a mabeli le eaba ba etsa soketeng ka. Okrylki lokisetsa a sa le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya likhato tse 30 ho phala ena. Ka lebaka la phallo ena metsi a butle-butle narrowed.
• Molaleng, eo ho qetela likarolo e khaola ka hlaha ka lehlakoreng le tšoanang e le hore ba tutulu ea. The ea moeli ea molaleng le sireletsang e hlomamisa.
• Streamlined karolong leketla sefapanong butle-butle taper hore baka maemo a molemo bakeng sa phallo ea metsi.

Khatello fatše e evenly ajoa ka lebaka la ho motheong leo phala e raloa. E boetse e thibela ka chifi ea thepa ea motheo e le batho ka bomong ea mohaho.

Latelang mefuta ya motheo:

• Ntle ho motheo (tsa tlhaho botlaaseng).

• Mobu Bag, bōpa artificially.

• Ea matlafatsoa konkreite.

• Tsa likarolo tse fapa-fapaneng konkreite.

Khetha mofuta oa motheo e itšetlehile ka e le phala bophara, bophahamo ba tutulu le maemo Geological.

Culvert ke tieo perpendicular ho selekane tseleng. Sena se fana ka e-ba bolelele bonyane ba phala. Maemong a mang e le bohlale ho kenya ho hahoa ka tsela eo a neng kemisong phallang. Sena se fokotsa monyetla oa whirlpools. Maemong a joalo, ho lumelloa ho haha culverts ka litaelo tse ling.