Asiti Ethanoic. thepa ya moaho, ho lokisetsa le tshebediso

asiti Ethanoic (lebitso la e mong - acid e acetic) - e le ntho manyolo eo ke motheo haholo fokolang carboxylic acid e. The derivatives ea acid e ena ba bitsoa acetates. Ke mokhoa oa ho ntho ena ka fumanoa ethanoic acid e, methyl Ester: ethanal = + ethanoic acid e, methyl Ester.
thepa ya moaho acid e ethanoic

1. ethanoic acid e (moralo - CH3COOH) ke mokelikeli ntle 'mala le monko o le e sa thabiseng bolila tatso.
2. hygroscopic. Lekanngoe qhibilihang ka har'a metsi.
3. acid e ethanoic miscible le solvents fetisisa. Ke hantle likhase qhibilihang ka har'a 'me metsoako inorganic kang HI (iodide hydrogen), HF (fluoride hydrogen), HBr (lethal gene hydrogen), HCl (acid e hydrochloric) le batho ba bang ba bangata.
4. Ho na le e le guttate le dimers cyclic.
5. The dielectric kamehla ea 6.1.
6. thothetsang molelo mocheso moeeng ke likhato 454.
7. ethanoic acid e liforomo azeotropes le tetrachloride k'habone, benzene, cyclohexane, toluene, heptane, ethylbenzene, trichlorethylene, o ka-xylene, leq-xylene le bromoforom.

asiti Ethanoic ka fumanoa ka litsela tse ngata:

1. By oxidizing acetaldehyde le oksijene ho tswa moeeng. Tšebetso ena ke khoneha feela ka ho ba teng ha ka sethothetsi - mankanese ea acetate ka mocheso oa likhato ho tloha 50 ho ea ho 60. Ba itšoara joang ke e latelang:

2CH3CHO (acetaldehyde) + O2 (oksijene) = 2CH3COOH (ethanoic acid)

2. mekhoa The oxidative sebelisoa indastering. Nakong e fetileng bakeng sa ethanoic acid e ho kena moea oa butane e ne e sebelisoa le acetaldehyde.

Atsetilaldegid oxidized feela ho ba teng ha ea acetate mankanese ka khatello ea phahameng le mocheso. Lihlahisoa tsa acid e ethanoic ne a le mothating mashome a robong a metso e mehlano lekholong.

2CH3CHO + O2 = 2CH3COOH

N-butane ile oxidized ka mocheso oa likhato tse ka bang 150 ho ea ho 200. Ha sena se ea acetate cobalt sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le sethothetsi ka.

2C4H10 + 5O2 = 4CH3COOH + 2H2O

Empa ka lebaka la ho phahama bohlokoa ka litheko oli, bobeli ba mekhoa ena e-unprofitable me ba ne ba hang nkela ke thulaganyou e atlehang haholoanyane bakeng sa carbonylation tsa methanol.

3. The carbonylation catalytic tsa methanol - ke mokhoa bohlokoa bakeng sa acid e tswakana ethanoic. E hlaha meeli abel:

CH3OH + CO = CH3COOH

4. Ho boetse ho na skeletal mokhoa tlhahiso ea eo e sebelisa bokhoni ba microorganisms ho oxidize ethanol. Tshebetso ena o bitsoa acetic belisoa. Ha sena se sebelisoa e le e tala lintho tse bonahalang ea metsi Ester ethyl joala kapa etanolosoderzhaschie mokelikeli (betse dijusi). Sena selotlolo mohato rarahaneng tshebetso. E ka o ile a hlalosa ka ho sa abel tse latelang:
CH3CH2OH (phenylate joala) + O2 (oksijene) = CH3COOH (ethanoic acid) + H2O
kopo

- ethanoic acid e ea metsi ditharollo sebelisoa ka indasteri ea lijo, ho pheha le ho polokesegong;

- ethanoic asiti e sebediswa ho bopa dintho odoriferous le lithethefatsi (monohalogen acetone, acetyl);

- sebediswa ka ho daea le oa khatiso;

- ka e le e mahareng itšoara joang bakeng sa ho kena moea tsa dintho tse ding manyolo (hydrogen peroxide ho kena moea oa sulfides);

- ho tloha ethanoic acid e lipara na le bothatanyana go utlwala monko, ho ka sebelisoa sebakeng sa ammonia.