Se-china fluke. Clonorchiasis: matšoao a, kalafo. likokoana-hloko tsa monna

Clonorchiasis batho - biogelmintoz trematodozov ho tloha sehlopheng sa tšoauoa ka sa lethopa ka sehloohong ea pampitšana biliary, manyeme le sebete parenchyma.

Mafu a Hlahang

Mohloli o ka sehloohong oa tshwaetso - motho ya tshwaetso klonorhami. Ho phaella moo, metsi a infest lintja le likatse. Se-china fluke ho atile ka Japane, Vietnam, China, Korea Leboea, e Amur beisine, Obi le Primorye. Helminth mahe abelwa ka masi ka ea metsi mahareng metsoa clams cercariae (larvae) di thehoa 'mele seo ka sona hoo e ka bang matsatsi a 14. Ka mor'a ho kopana le 'mele oa larvae ea litlhapi le crayfish tloha intestine, ba ile ba ba qala ho fallela mesifa le subcutaneous dinama tse nyenyane tse. Kahoo, metacercariae. Clonorchiasis batho ba tšoaelitsoeng ke ja e tala, insufficiently mocheso tšoaroa tlhapi kapa crayfish. Le develops clonorchiasis. Bakuli 'matšoao a hangata qala ho hlaha ka mor'a hore pathogen kena intestine nyenyane.

Flukes: bath

Trematodes (flukes) - liboko, e amanang le mofuta oa flatworm. E le busa, ba na le lekhasi-bopehileng. boholo ba tsona fapana holim'a mefuta e fapaneng mefuta e ho tloha 0,1 limilimithara ho cm, 15 ka bolelele. Se-china fluke ka parasitize ka phelang ea batho le liphoofolo. mefuta eohle ea flukes ke parasitic phela ka eona.

Phetoho le baeloji ea trematodes

'Mele trematode constricted ka tataiso dorsoventral. Cuticle hammoho le lera mesifa theha letlalo-mesifa karaoke tren oo litho tse ka hare di le hona teng. Flukes ba tsitsitseng ka 'mele e khethehileng mesifa - suckers. Ho ka ba le tse peli tse - ka molomo le ka mpeng. Makala a Pinów fixation ka boela ho ngotsoe ho cuticle le likoting glandular.

tsamaiso e khopo alimentary

Ka pele la 'mele ke localized molomo sucker, teng ka tlase molomo qalang. Dilemong tse molomo lokela pharynx (pharynx) le e metso o molelele o. Mala tube, - tse pedi slepozakanchivayuschihsya kutu. Haha ka bataletseng ea liboko hangata ha ho joalo. O hlola ka ho unhydrolyzed lijo ntšetsoa ka ntle ka molomo. Karolo ea matla a flatworms ka ho phethahatsoa ka tegument ena.

Methapo le excretory oona tsamaisong

The tsamaiso ea methapo kenyelletsa ditokiseletso ganglia methapo ea kutlo, teng tlas'a pharynx, 'me nozzles extending ho likarolo tse ling tsa' mele. tsamaiso e khopo Excretory e emeloang ke tsamaiso e rarahaneng ea tubules eo theha pedi excretory difapho.

tsamaiso e khopo ho ikatisa

Tsamaiso ea ho ikatisa tsa trematodes ba hantle haholo tsoetseng pele. Flukes (ntle Schistosomatata mofuta ofe Baemeli) - hermaphroditic (le dikamano sebōpuoa).

tsamaiso e khopo e motona ho ikatisa, e le busa, e na le testes tse peli. Li furalla vas efferens, tse amanang ho se le seng vas deferens. Hangata kenyeleditsweng ka cirrus karaoke tren (khethehileng mesifa karaoke tren). Karolong e qetellang ea deferens vas - cirrus (copulatory lekala).

Sebopeho sa sethusathuto motšehali ikatisa kenyeletsang ovary, jajtceprovoda, ootype, spermatheca, Vitellaria Laurerovy le kanaleng Mehlis 'tšoelesa le popelo, eo e qetella ka qalang e motšehali genital.

etiology

The causative moemeli ke clonorchiasis fluke - Chinese fluke. Sena se bolela ho ba le lelapa la liboko Opisthorchidae - Clonorchis sinensis. bot, pele o hlalosoa McConnell ka 1874 bato fluke tsa Machaena Toropong ea 'mele oa motho ka parasitize ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 40. 'Mele helminth bataletseng, lanceolate 10-20 limilimithara le bophara ba 2-4 limilimithara. trematode mahe a khanya-ea khauta mmala, ka 'ngoe ea lipalo ea cap, ke ka ho hlaka bonahalang. Clonorchis sinensis ka sethaleng batho ba baholo ba ka 'na parasitize bobeli ka batho le ka liphoofolo tse anyesang carnivorous. Ea bobeli ke mabotho e tobileng. E le nakwana clams ketso metsi a hloekileng, e eketsehileng - metsi a hloekileng crayfish le carp litlhapi.

Lifecycle trematodes

trematodes bophelo ka potoloho e na le linako tse 'nè:

• embriogonii;
• partenogonii;
• tsistogonii;
• maritogonii.

Embriogoniya - nakong embryonic ntshetsopeleng ya lisele tse kokoana-hloko ka lehe ho tloha manyolo ho trematode miracidia tsoa. The nako ya mohato ona e ka etsang khoeli. Partenogoniya - posleembrionalny nako ya ntshetsopele ya sethaleng larval 'meleng oa makhotla lipakeng. Hlahiswa mohato qala ho tloha sebopeho sa sporocysts pele cercaria ka tikoloho. Ka nako ya nako sena se ka fapana ho ea ka libeke tse peli ho isa ho likhoeli tse hlano.

Tsistogoniya - ho sokoloha baprocedure cercaria adolescaria (ka tikoloho) kapa metacercariae ( 'mele tlatsetsang moamoheli). Tsistogonii nako - ho tloha lihora tse 'maloa ho likhoeli tse peli.

Maritogoniya - nako ya ntshetsopele ya flukes ka e tobileng moamoheli phelang matla khōlong e feletseng ho kopanela liphate (imago), e totobatsa mahe ka tikoloho. Ka nako ea sethaleng sena - ho tloha ka beke e 'ngoe ho likhoeli tse peli.

pathogenesis

Bakuli ba phelang libakeng tse tloaelehile haholo ho ntshetsa pele maloetseng e fetisoa ho tloha ho 'mè oa ngoana ke transplacental. Ka lebaka leo, batho ba joalo ba fumanoa, le hoja lefu, empa e na le ka tsela e bonolo. Ka sehloohong ea tsoelo-pele ea bolwetse e trematode phetha molao tshusumetso, mabapi mahareng microflora, mafu neurotrophic, chefo le kulisa. Ho phaella moo, klonorhi bakela liphetoho cirrhotic ka sebete.

matšoao a lefu

Haeba u ba 'nile ba fumanoa clonorchiasis, matšoao lefu tse tšoanang le opisthorchiasis. Ka mohato hlobaetsang ya tshwaetso ke tshwaileng e lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo, malaise, bofokoli, liponahatso tsa kulisa. Le letotong la lefu lena le na le lihlooho tse bonahatsoang bontšang sebete, manyeme, 'me pampitšana biliary. Bakuli ba tletleba ba feberu le utloe bohloko bo boholo localized ka hypochondrium letona.

mathata khoneha ya lefu lena

Sena se ka ba le:

• foleng cholecystitis;
• ho thatafala ha sebete;
• foleng gastroduodenitis;
• bakeng sa kankere pancreatic le mpeng;
• foleng lefu la sebete.

bolwetse tlhathoba

Phumano e thehiloe ya data tlelenike le epizootic le gelmintokoprologicheskih lithuto. Ho hlakisa tepelletse maikutlong ka ho hlahisa and analysis skeletal mali (protheine palo yohle, tsoekere mali, bilirubin, mosebetsi oa phosphatase alkaline, lisebelisoa aminotransferases, amylase, trypsin, le lipase), e hlophisitsweng (cholecystography, oa ultrasound hlahloba ka gallbladder, sebete, manyeme, fibrogastroduodenoscopy) le serological (tlosa , RIHA, PCR) mekhoa.

phekolo

Ha mokuli a ne a fumanoa clonorchiasis, kalafo lokela ho ba tse rarahaneng:

• dietetics;
• lithethefatsi anthelmintic ( "biltricid", "Niklofolan", "hloksila");
• antihistamines ( "k'halsiamo gluconate", "loratidine," "Suprastin");
• nonsteroidal-ba khahlanong le a hlabang lithethefatsi ( "Ibuprofen", "Nimisulid");
• enzyme ( "Panzinorm", "Mezim", "Creon");
• Sorbents ( "Enterosgel" "ataxia", "Polysorb");
• antispasmodics ( "papaverine", "Ha ho-Spa", "Mebeverin");
• macrolides ( "oleandomycin", "Spiramycin", "azithromycin", "Roxithromycin", "Fluritromitsin");
• lithethefatsi cholagogue ( "Xylitol" "Sorbitol", poone silika, immortelle, a ema letheka, koena makhasi);
• gepatoprotektory ( "Essentiale", "Ursohol").