PT-76 amphibious tanka: tlhaloso, litšobotsi tse le lintlha tse thahasellisang

Pele ho qala ha Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše ba Soviet Union ba bile le phihlelo e moholo ka ho bōptjoa ha phaphametseng likoloi armored. Ka selemo sa mashome a mane-pele ea Red Army e ne e le likepe kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mokhoa jwalo, Leha ho le joalo, ka nako ya tshebetso ntoa boholo ba Maemong a tsa masole a timetsa lira. Ba bang kaofela ba mochine e ka ho hlaka ha e lumellana le maikemisetso ea 'muso' me ne a ke ke ho lekaneng ho e matlafatsa sesoleng. PT-76 sampole - phaphametseng tanka, e neng e lokolloa ha seriale e ikamahanya le lilemo tse ka poso-ntoa. Ha botlaaseng lona o lokolloa ka diphetolo tse seng kae. Nahana ka litšobotsi tse le litšobotsi tsa digwagwa ena.

History ea pōpo

Amphibious tanka PT-76 o ne a rerile ho ba hlomella ho Cannon caliber 76 limilimithara. E lokela ho ba ea nang le bokhoni ba ho tsamaisa tiileng pokello mahlaahlela 'me a khona ho fetisetsa ho lihlomo le ho mashome a mabeli airborne. Ntshetsopeleng ya thekenoloji e ncha moralo Bureau o neng o fetela ho shipbuilding dimela ka Nizhny Novgorod ( "Red Sormovo").

Banyalani bao ba pele ba prototypes e ne e entsoe ka 1948. Ka bomalimabe, ea mohlala ne ke sa fetisa teko, ka mor'a moo ntshetsopeleng ba ile Institute of Engineering Transport St. Petersburg (Leningrad). Manufactures joale khethiloe Stalingrad tsamaisa dimela. taolo ya e akaretsang ea mosebetsi ona o atlehe Zh. Ya. Kotin. Ka nako e 'ngoe, ka tlas'a boeta-pele ba hae ba bōptjoa boima intša propelled libetsa. Ka karolo e phethoang ke etella pele moqapi entse Shamshurin NF

Ka mo porojekeng e ncha e se e ile a fumana li-index 740. By Lehlabuleng la 1950 lokolloa ka mochine. Ka matla teko e ncha ntoa koloi hloohong e fetoa mohlodisani lona (K-90 ho tloha Moscow bahlahisi), e fetisitswe ka katleho le litšitiso tsohle. Ka August 1951, Sepheo e ne e e mong ea bitsoang "amphibious tanka PT-76" 'me o ne a amohetse.

makgetheng Design

Nkoa sesole e na le moralo oa classic, le bolela sehlopha sa e bonolo. Armored botseta na liphaposi tse tharo:

1. taolo ya lefapha, lokiselitsoe marobalo sebakeng ka seqha.
2. Loantša lekareche sebakeng e le setsi sa 'mele, a hlomelloa ka ho le conical tora phetolo.
3. The pakete matla ka morao ya matlo ho. Ho na le enjene disele le para ea Jets metsi (pele sebelisoa ka lebaka la mokhoa ona).

Tlhahiso ya serial koloi e ne e ile ka qala ho se ka 1951. 'Misa ho hlahisoeng tsoela pele ho fihlela 1967 le lipeipi palo yohle theoha likopi tse ka bang likete tse' nè. Ka 1967, thepa e ne e tlositsoe tšebeletso.

PT-76 tanka: Features

E latelang ke e etsoang ka maqiti le ho botekgeniki radileng:

• Product sehlopha - phaphametseng tanka.
• Production selemo - 1951.
• Basesisi ba - banna bao ba bararo.
• Oa potoloho tokisetsong ena - khale.
• Bolelele / bophara / bophahamo ba - 6,91 / 3,18 / 2,19 m.
• lihlomo tsa botenya - ho tloha 5 ho ea ho 13 limilimithara, ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba (nko, mahlakoreng, ka tlaase, tora).
• Base - limithara tse 4,08.
• Track - 2,74 limilimithara.
• The lumen ea tseleng - 37 cm,.
• Booking Type - phuthoa homogenous tšepe ea matla a phahameng.
• Armament - rifled sethunya caliber 76 limilimithara morathatha SGMT 7,62 limilimithara.
• Shot mefuta e fapaneng - ho fihlela ho 12 km SE.
• thaepa mahlong - telescopic cha TSHK-66.
• Matla a dimela - enjene disele V-6 hlahisa 240 horsepower.
• lebelo-index (palo e kahodimodimo) - 44 km SE / H ka naha, 10.2 batho km SE / h - teba.
• Weight - boima ba lithane tse 14.
• Foro - 2,8 m.
• Matha ka sefapano, li naheng / teba - 210/70 km SE.
• Ho fanyeha - motho ka mong torsion mofuta.
• Itseng matla - 17,1 dilitara tse. 's / m.

Dikamohelo lemohileng le puisano

Bobebe phaphametseng FET-tanka 76 e hlomelloa le disebediswa tsa ho tse tharo periscopic tse lokisetsa ka le manakana a potolohang molaoli turret. Lihlopha tse mounted ka thata-thata le ho fana ka kakaretso e ntle ya lefapha la ho ena le moqotetsane.

Devices na fivefold keketseho ea tšimo maikutlo le likhato 7,5 tsa atamela. mahlakoreng a periscopes TNP le magnification le 'ngoe. Lefisa bakeng sa libakeng tse ho sheba ka sebelisa e 'ngoe feela ea se nang molekane oa rotary sesebediswa ho eketsa MK-4. Ho e teng ka pel'a qhotsoa ka marulelong a tora.

The maemo a batho bao e seng ntoa, mokhanni e bolokang sebaka ka qhotsa bulehileng. Ka maemo a ntoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ke mefuta e meraro sesebediswa ya thepa moreki. Ho laola mochine ka dipehelo tsa ponahalo futsanehile kapa bosiu fana ka binocular bosiu Pono TVN-2b. Ho akarelletsa ho le filthara go la la, ea elektronike pata le optics. Distance Pono e ka bang 60 limithara tse, moo le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le a likhato tse ka tlaase ho 30.

PT-76 Tank: tlhaloso ya enjene le cheisi

Ka kakaretso matla unit trust tlas'a ho nahanela ke sebjalebjale dilenaneo digwagwa tanka T-34. Phetiso o boetse o alima ea mohlala e. lebelo e ntle le maneuverability ka metsi ntle fana Jets metsi. Le likarolo tsena amphibious tanka PT-76 ka ntle ho mathata leha e le efe ea ho hlōla le matangoana, overgrown le lihlahla.

E o ile a hlokomela tlaase itseng khatello ea seeta fatše, o tiisang hore ho le bonolo mochini motsoako ka matla libaka tse mongobo. Amphibious ntoa ea e-ba ho feta diseke ee le ho le bonolo ho ho boloka, 'me hape o ile a fumana haeteroliki absorbers makala hore kopana le motho torsion bareng ho fanyeha. nodes tsena fana ntafaditsweng mokhoa boreleli le e eketsehileng matha ka lebelo. Tse phaphametseng tanka PT-76 C 60 hlomeletsoe hantle le tsamaiso NBC tšireletso le litima-lebone jarolla ka ho iketsa mollo. Technology e bile e babatsehang ho qobelloa gwanta fapaneng ya km ho fihlela ho 500.

diphetolo

Ka lebaka la ho hlahlojoa ha mochine lokolloa ka diphetolo tse seng kae. Har'a bona:

1. Ea mohlala ka 76 limilimithara sethunya D-56TM le habeli kamoreng thiba molomo Brake. Ho phaella moo, o na le kicker, seea-le-hare, bosiu pono, mogote protivodymovoe sesebediswa. Bophahamo ba matlo e ile ea eketseha ka tse 13 millimeters. Selemo Ntlafatso - 1957.
2. Sebjalebjale tanka PT-76B e lokolloa ka 1959. E a hlomelloa le seletsa biplanar D-56TS, le botsitso sesebediswa STF-2P, ventilation tlhomamiso le-filter. Ka tlhahiso hamorao e hlomamisa giropolukompas.
3. Ka 1967, tanka e hlomamisa tlas'a hlahloba phapanyetsano sekhahla PKT morathatha, inthak'homo oona tsamaisong P-123. Koloi e ne e le ka tšebeletso ea ka Intelligence botseta le Marine botseta.
4. Ka motheong oa PT-76 o bōpile armored basebetsi microcyteme tsoibilang BTR-50 bakeng sa tsamaiso ea lerumo "Luna", tsamaiso ea mokhahlelo oa ho demining Ure-67.

lintlha tse thahasellisang

Pele ka lintho tse tebileng sesole khohlano PT-76 e ile ea etsahala March 69 tsa selemo ka Vietnam. Sehlopha sa likoloi leshome le metso e 'me armored basebetsi bajari hlaseloa botlaaseng American ka Ben Het ho timetsa leshala sethunya. Hlooho ya PT-76 otla morafong, empa basebetsi ha ho tsoa e le hore le ka tsoela pele ho mollo. The likoloi setseng kena khohlano le platoon tsa "Patton" le para ea-ba khahlanong le lifofane mechine intša propelled. tahlehelo ea utloa bohloko mahlakoreng ka bobeli, empa tlhaselo eo ba ne ba sa tsoela pele ka mor'a hore a shoeloe ke litanka tse peli le e mong armored basebetsi microcyteme.

Nakong ea selemo ka selemo 65th, India retelehela ho USSR thuso ho sireletsa ka khoneha tlhaselo ea Pakistan. sehahabi, e methaka ya pele ya India o ile a fumana 65 go th lehlabula. Kakaretso ea naha ne regiments tse peli tsa mechine tsena e leng kakaretso ea likopi tse ka bang 90.

Ka September 1965, ho PT-76 sehlopha e le karolo ea ea bosupa Regiment tsa Pakistanis Indian mochini hapa hlasela motse. Ka lebaka leo, ba lireng e ne e khona ho otla ka ntle, ho lahleheloa ke tanka e mong ka letsoho la hae. Nakong ea ntoa e India lahlehileng ka khampani PT-76, tse ling tsa tsona li ne li mo hapa ke Pakistan Army.

Ho kopanela lintoeng tse ling sesole

Har'a utloisisane tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e amanang le ho hlahlojoa ha mochine tse latelang lintoa:

• Ntoa pakeng tsa India le Pakistan ka 1971. matsatsi a metso e mene ea ntoa li ile tsa senngoa kapa senyehile 13 PT-76 ditanka, le Pakistanis lahlehetsoeng mechine eohle ea bona e boima. E ne e le e mong oa menehelo kholo ka ho fetisisa ho tlhōlo.
• Ntoa ea 1967 (tšeletseng Letsatsi) pakeng tsa Egepeta le Iseraele. Baegepeta ka li bokeletseng ho ile hlahloba makoloi 29. Leha ho le joalo, ba 'nile ha sebelisoa bakeng sa merero e meng. Ka lebaka leo, diyuniti tse pedi timetsoa 7 - lahleloa. dikai sejana izrailtsy redesigned le hlomamisa bona matsoho a Amerika.
• The Yom Kippur Ntoa ka 1973. E ile ea e-ba teng ke ea PT-76 ka lehlakoreng la Egepeta, 'me ke Iseraele.
• Ho phaella moo, koloi kopanela lintoeng Yugoslav le khohlano ka Chechnya.

Qetellong ea

Hona joale e leng khanya amphibious tanka PT-76 le BTR-50 - se seholo le sa hlokahaleng "sa phaphamala". Ka USSR ba ba isoa ka tšebeletso ea ka 1967. Leha ho le joalo decommissioned mechine li atile Bochabela bo Hare 'me e ka mafolofolo o ile a sebelisa. Ka nako ea teng, mokhoa ona e ile ea e ba e atlehileng haholo, ka bobeli ka mobu le metsi.

Khanya ditanka amphibious mafolofolo romeloa linaheng tse ling ho ea linaheng tse Warsaw Pact, hammoho le ho African le boroa-ka bochabela linaheng tse ngata lan-ba Soviet Union. Sejana sa likoloi Baegepeta li ne li sebjalebjale ke baenjiniere ba Iseraele, 'me China lokolloa analoge tsa sona tlas'a letšoao "Mofuta-63".