Polar moluoane: Foto le tlhaloso. Ho bonahala eka moluoane Polar ka tundra ka

tundra e laoloa ke feela dimela tseo hore ba khona ho mamella mathata a maemo a lona a klimate. Tundra naha mokhoabong, peaty le majoe. Lihlahla u se ke ua hlasela mona. sebakeng bona oa ho aba ha lelefatsa ka nģ'ane ho moeli oa libakeng taiga. expanses Northern koahetsoeng ka hahabang hammoho fatše dwarf dimela tundra moluoane Polar, blueberries, cranberries le Elfin tse ling.

Flora Ho thehoa hangata boriba, boriba, sedges le li-fungus. Tlaase joang bo joale ebe kena hanong le boriba-boriba cushions. Lifate le lihlahla ba emeloang ke liforomo tse nyenyane. Ho na le feela e le Polar moluoane dwarf birch. Tiny lifate libakeng tse ling ho tlōla ka tlelapo ya reisisi serried, le ntseng le hōla ka ho feletseng.

Salix polaris - dwarf shrub

Buka e ikhethang moemeli ea limela tse thunyang - moluoane Polar. Le hoja a e feteletseng tse nyenyane, a ntse a ke ho lihlahla tundra ena joang. Tiny plantlets qobelloa ka lebaka la ho maemo a likoluoa tsa tlhaho ha ba joaloka sapling shrub le dwarf, mangole fatše.

Sefateng tšesaane bakoa matlafatsa chelete bonyane ha mahlaku a nako e telele-a phela, le se ke felloa, e le meluoane e meng ka hoetla. Di koahetsoeng ka lehloa dula tala. The dimela na le mabitso a mabeli - e moluoane dwarf le Arctic. Polar moluoane ka tundra ke a se mong. Hammoho le ho na le baemedi ba Magadan, ho Yenisei, joang 'me a' maloa ho bapala ntseng e tsoela pele tse ling.

Phepo e nepahetseng boleng ba moluoane Polar

Willow siea - e le lijo o motle oa hore likhama le. Di, ho khotsofatsoa ka ea mariha, ba cheka tsoa lehloa. Mariha, ho letlobo, buds le makhapetla a se hlokomoloha hares, partridges le litoeba.

Arctic lihlahla makhasi tse jeoang. le lichaba tse Nordic stockpiling dimela bakeng sa nakong e tlang le lokisetsa ho tloha ha eksotiske haholo lijo. Di tlosa likhama mala a tlatsa makhasi bona phehiloeng le mokelikeli oo pheha semela. The Chukchi di fepa motsoako oa makhasi moluoane le mali khama. Eskimos nōkiloeng nerpovym mafura a tsona le mali. Ho phaella moo, makhasi lokisetsa tee ersatz.

tlhaloso tsa likokoana-hloko

Nyenyane shrub herbaceous ponahalo ea nang le nyenyane ho hloa sefate-likutu. Sheba litšoantšo, malandro Polar eo o hlalosoa, 'me ua ipotsa hore na - kamoo tloaelehang tlhaho. Tiny likutu thehoa nyenyane makala a ka tlas'a lefatše. Ha ba tšoane le lifate ba tloaelehileng ba khutšoanyane. bolelele ba bona ha bo fete 3-5 cm,.

Ka hahabang hammoho fatse, rooting makala bosehla ba sebakeng tse seng kae makhasi tse nyenyane li bontšitse ka holim'a reisisi ea. stipules Lanceolate le hoja ntho ea tlhaho ho semela, empa ke ka seoelo. Hangata ba ne ba khetha ho ba le sieo. Ka makhasi a le kemiso lekaneng, ho emela ovate khutla. Ka linako tse ling ba reniform le feela ka linako tse ling elliptically emela. Vershinki ba roundish.

Sebopeho sa makhasi ba atisa ho notched. Botlaaseng ba boletsoeng tse ling lekaneng, ba bang ba pelo-e bōpehileng joaloka, 'me hore mela ka seoelo haholo tapered. Mona ke moluoane Polar - sa tloaelehang sefate tundra. Ka makhasi e tala le e mahlakoreng boreleli e sehang ka nģa ea matte hodimo le tlase hanyenyane benya. Bolelele ba mahlaka a se nang letho feela 1 disentimitara. Bolelele ba limemo ho threaded holim'a petioles tiddly, ha e feta 2,5 cm,, ha e le bophara ha se ho feta 1.3 cm,.

Qetellong ea catkins lipalesa e bōpehileng joaloka, hangata oblong kapa ovate. Number lipalesa tse nyenyane ho eona ranges ho tloha 3 ho ea ho 17. likotoana bracts sekala faneng moluoane feta Polar. Ena ke tlhaloso e bona: ho tswa ho lefifi sootho flakes ovate (ka linako tse ling e ka morao ovate) lekaneng ho, liforomo concave kopana bohale matsutla ea hae.

Hlobotse mahala pedi stamens. Ba na le lefifi khonya le oblong-ovoid narrowed nectary. Ovary conical, leseli le shades ea ikutloile qalong, lefatla le nako, repainting ka melumo e tala kapa pherese. Ha stigmas divergent bifid e oblong-guttate nectary.

Ya e le hantle, lintlha tse joalo ka linako tse ling ha ho nkoa e le lintho tsa tlhaho, 'me le ho feta joalo ka photo photo photo photo. Polar moluoane, joaloka limela tse ling tse ngata, ka ho feletseng o ile a ithuta ka ho litsebi tsa baeloji tse dilaboratiriamong.

Sebaka sa Arctic moluoane

The busa ea limela shoeng qala ka mahoatateng Polar, koahela sehlekehlekeng arctic, 'me o fetela le ho o ka leboea neighborhoods Putorana sehlabeng. Sebaka hapa dwarf shrub tundra Scandinavian, East Siberia, Chukchi le Kamchatka naha. Ho otlolla mose ho expanses ba Jan Mayen le Svalbard.

Ka ho loanela mohla-ho ipolaea le mantsoe a fosahetseng ka a boima ao ba Arctic sefate fumana litsela tsa ka tšeptjoang ea ho pholoha ka libaka tseo inhospitable leboea. Nakong ea lilemo tsa leqhoa, ha onslaught khaotseng tsa glaciers atamela ile ea e-mamelleha, malandro Polar qobelloa ikhula ho ea ka boroa.

Thaba ea leqhoa kgasa morao lumelloa hore a boela hapa Northern u li ratang Territory. E ka tieo metse ka metso ka hare ho meeli ea eona pejana, ho lula New Earth le Lihlekehleke Molaoli. The e tsoelang pele Arctic qhibilihisa thusa ntshetsa pele shrub meeli phehellang ho ba Hōle North. O na le lebelo haholo (ho dimela dwarf) le kenella ka hare ka tundra le libaka Arctic. sebakeng lona e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo ke kilometer dari ka!

mobu

Sefate se na le mefuta e tlholeho molumo. Ba li khethoa ke mobu oa hlophisitsoeng tse sa tšoaneng. Qoba ho ntle le lejoe la mokoetla, Leha ho le joalo, 'me ka linako tse ling fumanoa. Itshetlhile ka grassy, Stony, mobu letsopa tloaelehileng la Arctic le Alpine tundra. Tlaase shrub mobung le mongobo. Ha ho sa moluoane Polar ka tundra ho sa hlokahale holimo-omisitsoeng kapa feteletseng libaka mongobo.

Ke leruo la mobu ho ke ke tsotelle. Leha ho le joalo, ha ba sa batle ho hōla ka politrihovyh phahameng peat litutulu letheba lefe le libakeng tse mokhoabong. Ba 'nile ba mo qeta asiti substrate, eo ha e tšoane le lihlahla dwarf. Empa e ntse e hōla hohle zonal mobu tundra gley. Dimela a hlokomoloha hanyane lehloa boroughs. Ea hae ho akarelletsa nival, ka ntle likhutlong lehloa sekoahelo.

Lintho tse phelang tikolohong le malandro Polar

Moo a lahlele habanya, hoo e ka bang hohle, ntle le libakeng tse e ka leboea, shrub ikamahanya le lifahleho boriba-boriba. Joalo thallus - e stunner. likatiba tsa bona ba phelelang ho tala, 'mala o mosehla, orange, le lefubedu le le mebala e meng theha libaka fabulously ntle. likutu Willow kamehla qoelisoa ka tlelapo ya reisisi Mossy, 'me makhasi a, ho fapana le hoo, e hlaha ka holim' a holim 'a hillocks bohehang.

Sefate tlamelloa ho putlama ha majoe le blocky, tse bontšang ka ho hlaka photo photo photo photo. Polar moluoane ka tundra ipatile crevices nyane thehoa majoe. Pakeng tsa majoe a fumana tšireletso ea ho phetha molao feela le ka tsela e itseng e khōloanyane ea humus mobu.

Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ho e mengata ea boriba le boriba phytocenoses shrub khetha hlephileng reisisi. Ho ke bokaholimo tse thehoa hypnum bokoplodnymi boriba, liverwort le limela tse tšoanang.

Tlholeho niches moluoane Polar

Bolulo dwarf shrub tšepe lithaba tsekolohile Putorana. O ile a fumana setšabelo sa har'a crevices le tse nyenyane 'me u kibe mapatso, matsaranka Kotuiskaya le Anabar sehlabeng. tse koahetsoeng ke lehloa hae moferong tightened niches strewn lefatla lebanta. Ha baa ka ba hlōleha ho khasa ka morung le mongobo boriba thalli, ea ileng a theha bohehang ka leboea bottler.

Le ka liphula thabeng ea lehloa le shebahala joaloka moluoane Polar? Ho na le ho bopa ka moferong maholohali. E ka ho feletseng koaheloa loseer snowfields le leqhoa tse sebakeng haufi ho itšetleha ka makhasi tse nyenyane. 'Me ka nako e tšoanang, semela ke sa kopanele tšebeletsong e le leholo mabalane moru tundra le e ka boroa tundra.

Ho matahoa a sa itlhompheng ka likhohlo nival, mosikong oa matsoapong ka leboea. Dwarf moluoane moferong namela letseng leo obomshelym lihlahla. Ba ne ba koahetsoeng ka skirting melapo ho teba incised.

mosebetsi oa bona o hōla ka tundra tloaelehileng. Bongata ba moluoane letlobo noutu lintho tse phelang tikolohong Moraine landschap. Moo likhohlo na swarms ea maloanlahla a majoe setse ke glaciers falla. The alluvial le alluvial libaka fokotswa karolo ea morung.

E ba tse thahasellisang, ho bonahala joaloka sa moluoane Polar, eo difoto ho nahana ka, bona tundra, ka ledges ea phula melapo, 'me moo watersheds raliloe le thehoa dellevye mehahong. Litoropong le Ivkov-boriba-joang bo thalli.

Busa moluoane lihlahla ka tundra ho

Ka ho ba teng ha moluoane Polar develops limela arctic tundra. Le shrub dwarf mafolofolo laola boholo ba phytocenoses upland. Ka ho khetheha, o ile a tla nkuwa ka Ivkov-boriba le joang baahi. Ho phaella moo, o ile a hlokomela ho ata thabeng ranges Byrranga.

moferong ngata tsa moluoane dwarf tseba boriba tundra. Ba kibiloe crevices detrital tundra. Ba fetohile sebaka dellevye mehahong, loops, ka humus-barui, bongata le metse e lehloa. Moluoane ka ho feletseng e akaretsa polygonal rollers phuleng ea molapo o mokhoabo oo.

Willow Mountain

Ka lihlahla ho moluoane, etswa ka crevices pakeng tsa majoe, fumana difoto hlollang. Polar moluoane ka naha lithaba li tloaelehile, ho e leng setho sa habitats a sa tšoaneng, ho hapa tšimo e khōlō. makhasi a eona ho phehella melena pota lebanta lithaba, ho etsa tsela ea hae ho ka holimo. Mona ha ho hohela feela a se nang letho scree e nezadernovannye libakeng marine.

Hloa ho ba bolelele ba limithara tse 300-400, ho displaces dryad, ho ba 'muso o hlaheletseng edificator lithaba tundra phytocenoses ho ntshetsa pele ka le litekanyetso holimo. Ho phaella moo, ho ke ke khona ho li leleke naheng ea lithaba lehlohlojane le lehlabathe moluoane monetolistnuyu khone ho kena steeps. Blocky tšoanang mosiko qhalane le maralla overgrown Byrranga lebasetere moluoane Polar.