Monoclonal lisireletsi. ke eng e le ke life bakeng sa?

Lisireletsi (immunoglobulins) liprotheine bitsoa Y-shape. Ba nka karolo ka boitsebiso le excretion ea likarolo tsoang linaheng tse ling (antigens). Antibody etsoang ke boitshireletso ba mmele ka lebaka la antigen ho kenella ka hare. E mong le e immunoglobulin khona ho lemoha le ho buisana le mojaki elements itseng.

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore lisireletsi ho potoloha ka maling, li di a fumaneha ho mong le e mong e le karolo ea' mele. Tlama tsa immunoglobulin ho antigen e ka 'na ea thibela ntshetsopele ya dithulaganyo e tlatsetsang ho lefu lena le, kapa etsa hore timetso ea elements tsoang linaheng tse ling.

Karabelo boitshireletso ea 'mele efe kapa efe, esita le tse sa rarahanang ka ho fetisisa, ea motsoako tsoang linaheng tse ling e bitsoa polyclonal to. Ka mantsoe a mang, boitshireletso ba mmele hlahisa (chelete) e plurality tsa immunoglobulins ho sebetsana le antigens fapaneng.

lisireletsi Monoclonal di-seleng ea clones. Bakeng sa e mong le e joalo shebiloeng seleng ea (shebiloeng) e hlalosoa antigen tsa bonoa le tlama ba boitshireletso ba mmele eo e se e qapa immunoglobulin itseng, e leng se seleng ea pele ho eena.

phekolo e sebelisa tsa maiketsetso ka laboratori ea, ho ena le ka boitshireletso ba mmele, monoclonal lisireletsi. Ha ingested, thulaganyo bona e qala Tshebediso ya ea likarolo tse ling tsa tsamaiso ea tsireletso ea hae ho timetsa antigens itseng. Kahoo, ho etsa mohlala, hlahiswa ka e phelang monoclonal antibody bakeng sa kalafo ya kankere.

Pele lisele tse clone hore di se di tsa maiketsetso ka dilaboratiriamong, e ne e ka ho feletseng liprotheine toeba. Sena se halefe le bothata ho ena le tse tebileng. 'nete ea hore "toeba" monoclonal dianthibodi di hlahelle ho sesole sa' mele oa motho lemoha ka antigens - likarolo tsoang linaheng tse ling, 'me kahoo etsa chelete e itsoara joang khahlanong le bona. Ena e sa tsoa ne a bua ka tsoelo-pele ea ka karabelo ba mmele. Defense tsamaiso e khopo 'meleng o qala ho felisa lisireletsi monoclonal pele ba ne ba ka rua molemo ho eena.

Ha nako e ntse e feta, ba bang ba ea liprotheine liseleng toeba a qala ho nkeloa sebaka ke dikarolo batho protheine, e bitsoang "chimeric". Le ho eketseha ha palo ea thepa ea motheo ea immunoglobulins batho ba (tsa maiketsetso) li ne li bitsoa "humanized monoclonal antibody".

Litokisetso tse nang le dikarolo tsena, li bua ka mokhoa oa ho phekolo targeted. Ka mantsoe a mang, lithethefatsi li etselitsoe ho sebetsa ka ho toba ka lisele tsa tsona li, susumelletsang motho ntshetsopele ya dithulaganyo pathological. Hangata ho leng atlehang haholoanyane mokhoa feta tloaelehileng regimens phekolo. Ho feta moo, ba bangata ba meriana e tloaelehileng reretsoe ho tšoara, ho etsa mohlala, multiple sclerosis, kankere, ramatiki le pathologies tse ling tse nang le chefo, 'me ba le lithibelo ka dosages palo yohle, se amohelehang bakeng sa tsamaiso ya ho mokuli.

Har'a meriana ho fetisisa ratoa lisireletsi monoclonal lokela ho hlokomela lisebelisoa tse kang "MabThera", "Rituxan" (sebediswa ka lymphoma bao e seng Hodgkin ya), 'Herceptin' (sebediswa bakeng sa kankere ea matsoele).

Ka moriana o tšepo phahameng tsa synthesizing theknoloji ea lisireletsi monoclonal. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le ba bang ba mefokolo ea. Kahoo, tsa maiketsetso immunoglobulins ke limolek'hule tsa kgolo haholo. Ha ba lumelle hore ba phunyeletse tebileng ka lisele kapa ka lisele tsa tsona li. Ba ha ba ne a rerile hore ka molomo (molomo) tsamaiso. Ho feta moo, ho fihlela e le hantle li lakalitseng tsa mahloriso tsa lisireletsi tsena lokela sa feteng tse hlano ho tse leshome linako tse sekete tsa mahloriso tsa shebiloeng antigen. Ho ntshetsa pele tsa maiketsetso immunoglobulins phethile feela litsong seleng, eo le eena e etsa tlhahiso ea bona e theko e boima haholo.