Manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger: mohlala. Manolotsoeng tsa sebakeng seo, le matla a ea mocheso exchanger

Manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger hona joale o ka tlaase ho metsotso e mehlano. mokhatlo ofe kapa ofe hore e hlahisa le ho rekisa thepa e joalo hangata fana ka mong le e mong ho thaotha lenaneo bona. E ka downloaded mahala ho tswa websaeteng khampani kapa setsebi bona tla ho ofisi hao le kenya e bakeng sa mahala. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la dipalelo joalo e nepahetse, re ka mo tšepa le ho ba se ke ba bohlale haeba moetsi ke loana ka bonolo le le baphadisani lona? Hlahloba elektroniki khalekhuleita hloka tsebo kapa bonyane kutlwisiso ya mekhoa ea kajeno ea manolotsoeng ya phapanyetsano mocheso. A re ke re leka ho utloisisa tsoa dintlha.

ke mocheso exchanger seo

Pele ho phetha e le manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger, a re hopoleng, 'me mofuta ofe sesebediswa jwalo? Teplomassoobmennyh sethusathuto (aka le mocheso exchanger, tsejoang hape e le mocheso phapanyetsano sethusathuto kapa TOA) - mochine bakeng sa phetiso ya mocheso ho tloha setsidifatsi mong ho e 'ngoe. Ka ho etsa joalo le setsidifatsi liphetoho mocheso hape fetola segokanyipalo bona 'me, ka lebaka leo, batho ba bangata indices dintho. Ke ka lebaka leo e hlophisitsweng, joalo li bitsoa mocheso le phetiso boima.

Mefuta ea phetiso mocheso

Joale a re ke re bue ka ba mefuta e mocheso phetiso - ho na le tse tharo feela. Mahlaseli - fetiswa ha mocheso ke mahlaseli. E le mohlala, re ka hopola sunbathing lebōpong ka mofuthu letsatsi lehlabula. Esita le bana ba be le phapanyetsano ea mocheso o matla e ka fumanoa marakeng (tube, moea heaters). Leha ho le joalo, hangata ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho futhumatsa lapeng, likamore ka foleteng e re reka oli kapa futhumatsang motlakase. Ena ke mohlala oa mofuta o mong oa phetiso mocheso - cavity. Cavity ke ntho ea tlhaho, involuntary (ntsa, le tse lebokoseng le reng lokela exchanger) kapa ka drive phetha molao (ka fene ka, ka mohlala). The mofuta bobeli haholoanyane.

Leha ho le joalo, ka mokhoa o atlehang ka ho fetisisa ea phetiso mocheso - ke mogote conductivity, kapa, e le e bitsoa, conduction (conduction ea English -. "Conductivity"). moenjiniere leha e le mang ea tla tšoara moralo mogote ea mocheso exchanger, pele ho tsohle nahana ka tsela ya go khetha thepa e sebetsang hantle ka bonyane ba sebaka. 'Me e khona ho finyella sena ka eona ke conduction. Mohlala oa sena ke atlehang ka ho fetisisa ho letsatsi TOA - poleiti mogote. Poleiti TOA ke tlhaloso - ka mocheso exchanger hore e fetisetsa mocheso ho tloha setsidifatsi ho e mong le e mong ka lerako arola bona. The lebetsoeng le khoneha ho ikopanya le sebakeng pakeng tsa ba buisanang le ba babeli hammoho le thepa ea 'nete kgethile, le profil lipoleiti tsa bona botenya litekanyo kgethile ho fokotsa hardware ha o bolokoe litšobotsi pele botekgeniki hlokahala ka tshebetso.

mefuta ya phapanyetsano mocheso

Pele u phetha manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger ikemiselitse ke mofuta oa eona. All TOA ka arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli tse ka sehloohong: recuperative le regenerative mogote. Ka sehloohong phapang therebetween e tjena: ho TOA recuperative mocheso phapanyetsano etsahala ka leboteng arola tse peli tse mocheso mahareng, 'me ba kopana le e mong le e tse ling tse ka mecha ea phatlalatso e' meli regenerative, hangata hlokang morago ga moo e tsoaka le karohano ka separators khethehileng. Regenerative mogote ba arotsoe ka le phapanyetsano ea mocheso o matla le ho kopanya le nozzle (ema ketsahalo kapa lipakeng). Le kakanyo feela e buang, ka nkhong ea metsi a chesang, mamella tse batang, kapa khalase ea tee chesang, beha folisoa ka sehatsetsi (mohla u se ke ua etsa!) - sena ke mohlala oa joalo tsoaka TOA. A tšela tee koping le Cooling le e joalo re fumana mohlala oa regenerative mocheso exchanger le nozzle (koping, ka mohlala ona bapala nozzle karolo), eo e pele ikopanya le moeeng ambient le nka mocheso lona, ebe ea khethang karolo ea mocheso oa tšela ka ho sona tee chesang batla bobeli etella pele mecha ea litaba ho mogote mokgwa wa equilibrium. Leha ho le joalo, ha re ntse re ba se a ntse a fumanoa tšebeliso atlehang haholoanyane oa conductivity mogote ho fetisetsa mocheso ho tloha mahareng e mong ho e mong, ka lebaka leo, le thuso ho feta ka ho ya ka phetiso mocheso (le ho pharaletseng sebediswa) TOA kajeno - ya e le hantle, recuperative.

Thermal le mehaho manolotsoeng

manolotsoeng efe kapa efe ya regenerative mocheso exchanger ka etswa e thehiloeng diphetho tsa mogote, dipalelo haeteroliki le matla. Ba ea bohlokoa, ba bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho rala le tsa thepa tse ncha le mekhoa e ba motheo oa ho bala le dikai latelang tsa mofuta o le mong a maqheka mola. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa ho mogote TOA manolotsoeng ke ho fumana hore na ho hlokahala mocheso phapanyetsano holim'a sebaka bakeng sa tshebetso e tsitsitseng ea mocheso exchanger le ho boloka ditekanyetso hlokahalang ha phatlalatso sehokelo. hangata ha ho ka dipalelo joalo baenjiniere ba fuoa makgabane hatellang ea boima ba 'mele le ka boholo litšobotsi tsa thepa nakong e tlang (tse bonahalang, methapo bophara, lipoleiti, litekanyo, toloki le geometry, mofuta le boitsebiso bo finning et al a.), Leha ho le joalo ka mor'a mocheso e ka tloaelo ho ba khannela hahang manolotsoeng exchanger. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, haeba pele mohato moenjiniere nkoa hlokahala holim'a sebaka bakeng sa fuoa bophara phala, ka mohlala, 60 limilimithara, 'me bolelele ba mocheso exchanger kahoo ba reteleha mashome a tšeletseng limithara tse, ke ho utloahalang ho nahana phetoho multistage mocheso exchanger kapa ho tube mofuta sosobaneng, kapa ho eketsa le bophara ba tsa methapo ea.

manolotsoeng haeteroliki

dipalelo haeteroliki kapa haeterojene-mechine le aerodynamic phethile ho hlwaya le optimize haeteroliki (aerodynamic) khatello ea ho lahleheloa ke ka mocheso exchanger, 'me ho a bale tshebediso ya matla a ho hlōla. Manolotsoeng ea tseleng efe kapa efe, ba kanale kapa phala bakeng sa temana futhumatsang mahareng toba mosebetsi mathomo batho - ho matlafatsa mocheso phapanyetsano thulaganyou e sebakeng seo. Ke hore, mahareng e mong lokela ho feta, 'me e mong ke ho fumana mocheso o ka haholo ka karohano bonyane ya e le hantle lona. Hangata sena se etsa tlatsetso mocheso phapanyetsano holim'a ka mokgwa wa bokaholimo pop lady ntshetswa pele (bakeng sa karohano ea moeli laminar sublayer le ntlafatsa phallo loebehlanang). Homolog ho leka-lekana mabapi ka tahlehelo haeteroliki, le libakeng tsa mocheso phapanyetsano holim, boima le boholo litšobotsi tse, le hulwa mocheso khumo ke lebaka la aggregate mogote, haeteroliki le hahang TOA manolotsoeng.

hlahloba manolotsoeng

Netefatso ya mocheso exchanger e atlehe tabeng ea seo ho sona ho ke ho hlokahala hore ho rala matla pokello ea leha e le efe sebakeng seo mocheso phapanyetsano feela. Holim 'a pokello ka mabaka a fapaneng le maemong a sa tšoaneng, ha e le e hlokehang ka dipehelo tsa litšupiso, ha moetsi etsa qeto ea ho etsa thōko eketsehileng ho ba bonnete ba hore hantle hore mocheso ona o tla lokolloa ka puso,' me ho fokotsa liphoso ka balelela. Maemong a mang, behella lia hlokahala bakeng sa ho bokella litekanyo diphetho mehaho ka tse ling tse (evaporators, economizers) ka manolotsoeng ya bokgoni ba mocheso exchanger e khethehileng hlahiswa thōko holim'a ka konpresser oli silafatsoa teng ea potoloho e neng e refrigeration. E, 'me ke futsanehile boleng metsi e lokela ho elwa hloko. Ka mor'a nakoana, ho sebetsa le boreleli la phapanyetsano ea mocheso o matla, haholo-holo mocheso ho phahameng, e scum di theohela tlase ho holim 'a sethusathuto mocheso phapanyetsano, fokotsa mocheso phetiso coefficient,' me joang kapa joang isang ea fokotseha ha parasitic mocheso sefofane se tloha. Ka lebaka leo, le bokgoni moenjiniere, le manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger "metsi-metsi a", o lefang lebisa tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho pokello tlatsetso ea mocheso phapanyetsano feela. Hlahloba manolotsoeng le qeta ka hore ke bone kamoo thepa khethiloeng tla sebetsa ka tse ling, mekhoa ea bobeli. Ka mohlala, ka ho conditioners bohareng moea (air-phepelo ditlhomo) heaters bakeng futhumatsang pele le la bobeli o ile a sebelisa ka nako e batang, 'me hangata li akarelletsa ea lehlabula bakeng sa Cooling phepelo moea fepa metsi a batang ka moea mocheso exchanger tube,. Kamoo e tla ba ho sebetsa le hore na o tla fana ka entsprechen ho hlahloba nako le manolotsoeng.

likhakanyo tsa ho etsa lipatlisiso

dipalelo ho etsa lipatlisiso TOA etsoa motheong oa sephetho sa manolotsoeng mogote le netefatso. Ba hlokahala, e le busa, ho etsa diphetoho morao-rao ho sebōpeho sa sesebediswa etselitsoeng. Ba ile ba boela a etsa hore ba khalemele ba ditekanyo efe kapa efe ba beha ka manolotsoeng ea mohlala kenngwa tshebetsong TOA fumana empirically (bakeng sa ya data liteko). Ho phetha ho etsa lipatlisiso e akarelletsa ho manolotsoeng ba mashome le ka linako tse ling tse makholo tse dipalelo ke moralo khethehileng, o ile 'me sebediswa ho hlahisoeng ha ho ea ka khopolo thuto ea lipalo tsa moralo oa liteko. Ho latela liphello e senola tšusumetso ea maemo a fapaneng 'me e ngata' meleng ka litsupa tshebetso TOA.

dipalelo tse ling

The manolotsoeng tsa mocheso sebakeng exchanger, se ke ua lebala ka ho hanyetsa ea thepa. dipalelo matla TOA kenyeletsa hlahloba thulametse unit trust bakeng gagamalo, torsional ikamahanya ho palo e kahodimodimo lumelleha linako sebetsa ho dintlha le nodes ya nakong e tlang tsa mocheso exchanger. Le litekanyo fokolang haholo sehlahiswa e lokela ho ba e matla, ea tsitsitseng le netefatsa tshebetso sireletsehileng ka tse fapa-fapaneng, esita le maemo a ka ho fetisisa ka matla.

manolotsoeng matla o etsoa ho bona hore litšobotsi tse sa tšoaneng tsa mocheso exchanger ka mekhoa polygonal tshebetso.

Types of mocheso exchanger moralo

Recuperative TOA ka moralo ka aroloa ka palo ka ho lekaneng khōlō ea lihlopha. Ka ho fetisisa tsejoa le ho ho pharaletseng sebediswa - poleiti mocheso exchanger, moea (Finned tube,), khetla le tube, mogote "phala ka phala", khetla-and-poleiti, 'me ba bang. Ho na le ho feta haholo e khethehileng le eksotiske mefuta, mohlala, spiral (cochlea-exchanger) kapa eyelet, e sebetsa le maro a viscous kapa batho bao e seng Newtonian, le mefuta e meng e mengata.

Mocheso exchanger "tube, ka lethopo"

Nahana ka bo manolotsoeng bonolo tsa mocheso exchanger "tube, ho tube,". Structurally, mofuta ona wa TOA e maximally tsela e bonolo. Nakong ea qala ho fihlela tube hare sethusathuto, hangata chesang mocheso phetiso mokelikeli ho fokotsa tahlehelo, 'me ka matlo kapa ka tube, le ka ntle, ho setsidifatsi Cooling li matha. Moenjiniere mosebetsi tabeng ena ho fokotsa ho boikemisetso ba bolelele ba mocheso exchanger motheong oa balwa mocheso sebakeng phapanyetsano holim'a le diameters esale pele.

Ke habohlokoa ho phaella ka hore ka thermodynamics go gorosa khopolo ea se setle sa mocheso exchanger, ke hore ba bolelele ba ke keng ba lekanngoa unit trust, moo coolants sebetsa ka stats, 'me pakeng tsa ka botlalo bakoa phapang mocheso. Moralo "phala ka phala" e haufi-ufi le kopana ditlhoko tsena. 'Me haeba ho matha countercurrent mocheso phetiso maro a, e tla ba eo ho thoeng ke "stats-ba sebele" (ho fapana sefapano e le ka poleiti TOA). Mocheso khatello ea ka tsela e atlehang ka ho fetisisa ea tsosa ha sephethephethe mokgatlo. Leha ho le joalo, a etsa "phala ka phala" manolotsoeng tsa mocheso exchanger e lokela ho ba e utloahalang le a se ke a lebala ka dithepa motsoako, hammoho le boiketlo ea tlhomamiso. evrofury bolelele - 13,5 limithara, 'me hase bohle ba libaka tsa botekgeniki ikamahanya le maemo ho skid le tlhomamiso ya thepa joalo bolelele.

Shell le tube, le phapanyetsano ea mocheso o matla

Ka hona, ke karolo ea manolotsoeng tsa sesebediswa jwalo ka thelelo phallang ka manolotsoeng ea khetla le tube, mocheso exchanger. sethusathuto ena, moo tube sosobaneng ke tabeng e le 'ngoe (kenapa), ke hlatsoitse ke coolants fapaneng, ho itšetlehile ka thepa eang teng. Ka capacitors, ho etsa mohlala, ho matha ka refrigerant baki, 'me metsi a - ka phaephe ya. Ka mokhoa ona oa ho sephethephethe libakeng bonolo le o atlehang haholoanyane ho laola tšebetso ea unit trust e. Ka evaporators e, lehlakoreng le leng, ho refrigerant taba ka methapo ea 'me ba hlatsoa le mokelikeli folisoa (metsi, brines, glycols, joalo-joalo). Ka lebaka leo, bo manolotsoeng-tube, mocheso exchanger e fokotsehile ho fokotsa thepa boholo. Ho bapala le bophara ba kenapa, e le bophara ba 'me palo ea' me bolelele ba ka hare liphaephe sethusathuto moenjiniere kena boleng hakantse la mocheso phapanyetsano sebaka holim'a.

phapanyetsano moea mocheso

E mong oa atileng ka ho fetisisa ke hole le phapanyetsano mocheso - e finned tube, mogote. Ba bitsoa makhetlo. Moo ha ba feela fetola ho tloha fancoils (ho tloha Senyesemane Fan + kela., I.e., "fene" + "kela") ka ho na le masakana hare arola tsamaiso ea ho senatla flue khase recuperator (kgetho ya mocheso ho tloha flue khase chesang le phetiso eona futhumatsang) ka litanka ka CHP. Ke ka lebaka leo le manolotsoeng ea kela exchanger itšetlehile ka kopo, moo mocheso tsoela ho sebetsa. Industrial coolers moea (VOPy) hlomamisa ka likamore makala-hoammeng nama, ka freezers ka thempereichara e tlaase le lintho tse ling tsa refrigeration lijo, li hloka e itseng makgetheng mehaho ka moralo bona. Distance between lamella (pop lady) lokela ho meaho ho eketsa nako ya tshebetso e tswelang pele pakeng tsa lipotoloho defrost. Vaporizers bakeng DCs (bohareng ya data), ho fapana le hoo, etsa hore re khone ho feta diseke ee clamping mezhlamelnye hole ho bonyane ka. Joalo mogote ba sebetsa ka "libaka bo hloekileng", pota-potiloe ke filtara e metle (ho fihlela ho HEPA sehlopheng), Leha ho le joalo, bo manolotsoeng ena o etsoang ho tsoa e tubular mocheso exchanger ka khatiso e etsoang tabeng fokotsa litekanyo ka kakaretso.

phapanyetsano poleiti mocheso

tlhokeho jwale tsitsitse phapanyetsano poleiti mocheso. Ho latela moralo lona hahang, ba botlalo gasketed le seka-welded, le mednopayanymi nikelpayanymi, welded le brazed diffusion mokhoa (ntle le solder). Thermal moralo oa poleiti mocheso exchanger e lekaneng tenyetsehang le se haholo-holo ho le thata ho moenjiniere. Tsela khetha ka bapala lipoleiti mofuta, metjha e tebileng eaba ba etsa, pop lady mofuta, tšepe botenya, thepa e fapaneng 'me, botlhokwa go feta - batho ba bangata dikai tekanyetso boholo a maqheka tsa boholo bo sa tšoaneng. Joalo mogote ba tlaase 'me ka bophara (bakeng sa futhumatsang mouoane ya metsi) kapa phahameng le e moqotetsane (karohano phapanyetsano mocheso bakeng sa tsamaiso ea air-conditioning). Ba atisa ho sebediswa, le mahareng ka mohato phetoho, ke hore, e le condensers, evaporators, coolers mouoane, predkondensatorov joalo joalo. D. Sebetse moralo mogote wa mocheso exchanger sebetsa ka mokhoa biphasic, e nyenyane boima le ho feta ho feta mocheso exchanger tsa "mokelikeli-mokelikeli", empa bakeng sa ba nang le phihlelo moenjiniere bothata bona ke solvable le hase ntho e thata haholo-holo. Ho bebofatsa dipalelo tsena morao-rao le boenjiniere bayemi sebelisa k'homphieutha polokelongtshedimosetso, moo o ka fumana e ngata ya tlhahisoleseding hlokahalang, ho akarelletsa le mohato temperaturdiagramm tsa refrigerant leha e le efe mokgwa wa efe kapa efe streak Ka mohlala, lenaneo le CoolPack.

Manolotsoeng Mohlala exchanger

Morero o ka sehloohong oa bo manolotsoeng le ke le manolotsoeng ya hlokahala mocheso phapanyetsano sebaka holim'a. Mocheso (refrigeration) matla hangata boletsweng dipehelo tsa litšupiso, empa ka mohlala oa rōna re tla bala le eena, bakeng sa, le re, cheke ea ditlhoko le ga tlhaloso. Ka linako tse ling e boetse e etsahala hore ya data pele ka kenelle phoso. E mong oa mesebetsi eo ya moenjiniere tšoaneleha - phoso ena ho fumana le ho lokisa. Ka mohlala, ho phetha le manolotsoeng poleiti mocheso exchanger tsa "mokelikeli - mokelikeli". E ke e be e kgaoganyo oa potoloho (khatello ea breaker) ka holimo-ho phahama ho haha. Hore ho imolla khatello ka thepa e, kaho ea melelele hangata haholo sebelisoa mokhoa ona. Ka lehlakoreng le leng la mocheso exchanger fuoa metsi a monyako Tvh1 = 14 ᵒS le tsoa Tvyh1 = 9 ᵒS, le phallo sekhahla G1 = 14 500 lik'hilograma / H, 'me ka ba bang - ke hape metsi, empa mona le entsprechen latelang: Tvh2 = 8 ᵒS, Tvyh2 ᵒS = 12, G2 = 18 125 lik'hilograma / H.

matla a hlokahalang (Q0) bale mogote ho leka-lekana ka moralo (bona palo e boletsoeng ka holimo ka moralo 7.1 a ..), hokae CP - itseng mogote bokgoni (tafole boleng). Bakeng sa tsela e bonolo ea dipalelo makgabane tsena nka mocheso bokgoni EOT = 4,187 [KJ / lik'hilograma * ᵒS]. Re nahana ka:

Q1 = 14 500 * (14 - 9) * 4,187 = 303557,5 [KJ / H] = W = 84,3 84321,53 KW - lehlakoreng pele le

Q2 = 18 125 * (12 - 8) * 4,187 = 303557,5 [KJ / H] = W = 84,3 84321,53 KW - lehlakoreng bobeli.

Hlokomela hore, ho ea ka moralo o balletsweng (7.1 a), Q0 = Q1 = Q2, ho sa tsotellehe e leng lehlakore la manolotsoeng ho phethahatsoa.

Ho feta moo, ka ba ka sehloohong mocheso phetiso abel (7,2), re fumana ho hlokahala hore holim'a metsi sebakeng (7.2.1), moo K - mocheso phetiso coefficient (nahana lekanang 6350 [W / ^M2]), 'me ΔTsr.log. - phapang ee e bolela'ng-mocheso, e balwa ka moralo (7.3):

? T sr.log. = (2 - 1) / Ln (2/1) = 1 / ln2 = 1 / 0,6931 = 1,4428;

F e = 84321/6350 * 1.4428 = 9.2 limithara ^2.

Tabeng ea moo mocheso phetiso coefficient e sa tsejoeng, manolotsoeng ke hanyenyane rarahaneng ho feta poleiti mocheso exchanger. Moralo (7.4) li nkoa Reynolds palo moo ρ - segokanyipalo [lik'hilograma / ^m3], η - matla e tiileng e qamathelang, [N * 's / limithara ^2], v Le - lebelo la mahareng ka difapho le [limithara / s], le d cm, - wettable tsoaletseng bophara [limithara].

From tafoleng re batla hlokahalang boleng Prandtl [PR], le moralo (7,5), re fumana Nusselt palo, moo n g = ya 0,4 - e mokelikeli maemo futhumatsang, le n g = 0,3 - Cooling ka maemo mokelikeli.

Ho feta moo, tsela eo (7,6) e balwa mocheso phetiso coefficient tswa setsidifatsi ho e mong le e leboteng, le moralo (7.7) e nka mocheso phetiso coefficient, e leng e ka go engwa legatong ka moralo wa (7.2.1) ho a bale mocheso phapanyetsano holim area.

Ka mekhoa le ka holimo, λ - mogote conduction coefficient, ϭ - the botenya ba le kanaleng leboteng, α1 le α2 - phetiso mocheso coefficients mong oa leboteng mocheso phetiso.