Linaha Arab. Palestina, Jordane, Iraq

The lefatšeng morao-rao e tlas'a maemo arotsoe ka likarolo tse 'maloa, tšoauoa ka e itseng peculiarities. Bophirimela le tsa Bochabela, European le Searabia litso na bona geopolitical "tlama." Kajeno, poleloana e reng "dinaheng Arab" e bolela boemo ba, boholo ba batho ba buang Searabia.

United Arab States

22 linaheng tse joalo ba momahane le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ea machaba - Selekane sa Arab States. Sebaka kakaretso ea tšimo e leo ho ahiloeng ho ke batho ba buang ka Searabia, ke ba ka bang limilione tse 13 km le ^2. sebopeho sena e teng ka mateano lik'honthinenteng tse tharo - Asia, Afrika le Europe. Kahoo, linaheng tse Arab emela hoo e ka bang e mong geocultural sebaka mekoloko ho tloha ea Persia Gulf ho Leoatle la Atlantic, karolo e khōlō ea baahi e na le metso Searabia.

litšobotsi tse puo le setso

Ka sehloohong constitutive elements la puso leha e le efe Arab ke puo le ka setso ntshetswa pele motheong ea eona. Kajeno, joalo setso e bulehileng le pepesa ba bang, tse kang India, Mongolian, Andalusian. Leha ho le joalo, ka ho fetisisa haholo susumetsoa ke meetlo ea Bophirimela.

bolumeli

Sechabeng Arab bolumeli joaloka Boislamo, o etsa karolo ea kopanetsoe. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho kopanya Maarabia bophelong setjhaba le ba lipolotiki, 'me ka ba bang - ke sesosa sa ho hloka kutloano le likhohlano esita le ba hlometseng ba pakeng tsa batšehetsi ba maqhubu a fapaneng ka hare ho. E lokela ho utloisisa hore ho dinaheng Arab le Mamosleme ha bopa dikgopolo tsa tšoanang. Ho na le ha e re bohle Arab ba Mamosleme, ba bang ba ka nako tsa phela malumeli 'maloa ea bolumeli. Ho phaella moo, e lokela ho a hopola hore linaheng Mamosleme ba elang moo boholo ba baahi ba sa Maarabia.

Islam - e matla setso Ntlha e, ka lebaka la ho eo, hammoho le puo eo, ho na le bonngoe ba lefatšeng ka Arab, empa e boetse e ka arola le fa phahama lintoa tšollang mali.

dinaheng Arab

Ka palo yohle ho na le 23 Arab dinaheng, lenane la e hlahisa mona ka tlase:

• Rephabliking ea Djibouti;
• Republic of Algeria;
• 'Muso oa Bahrain;
• Muso oa Jordane;
• Arab Republic ea Egepeta;
• Republic of Yemen;
• Rephabliking ea Iraq;
• Lebanese Republic;
• Union tsa Comoros;
• State of Kuwait;
• The State ea Qatar;
• Syria Arab Republic;
• State ea Libya;
• The Republic Islamic tsa Mauritania;
• 'Muso oa Morocco;
• United Arab Emirates (UAE) ;
• Oman;
• Saudi Arabia;
• Rephabliking ea Sudan Afrika;
• The Republic Federal tsa Somalia;
• Republic of Tunisia;
• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Bophirimela Sahara);
• Ikemetseng sebakeng sa Palestina.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore hase linaha tsohle Arab, lenane la tseo le bontšoang kateng, e re tse ling li bonahale. Kahoo, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic hase setho sa Selekane sa Arab States (Las), ka molao o ile a hlokomela dinaheng mashome a mahlano feela. Ba boholong ba ile Moroccan na laola boholo ba sebaka sa eona.

Ho phaella moo, boemo ba Palestina, e leng setho sa Mokhatlo le Arab, 129 o ile a hlokomela e re. Naheng ena, ba ile ba u se ke ua ba le libakeng tse haufi le leliboho ho tloaelehile hore batho: le Gaza Strip le Banka Bophirimela.

dinaheng Arab sebopeho sa naha arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo tse khōlō:

- African (Maghreb);

- kauwen;

- Bochabela Mediterranean.

A hlahlobeng hakhutšoanyane se e mong le e ba bona ba.

Arab dinaheng Afrika, kapa Maghreb

Ka kutloisiso e thata-thata ea Maghreb (ka Bophirimela) ke States feela tse leng ka bophirimela ho Egepeta. Kajeno Leha ho le joalo, hangata e bitswang e le dinaheng North African tsohle Arab, tse kang Mauritania, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia le Algeria. Egepeta ka boeona e ke e bohareng, ka pelong ea lefatše Arab le ke karolo ea Great magribinskoj selikalikoe. Ntle ho eena, ho akarelletsa linaha tse kang Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Libya le Bophirimela Sahara.

Linaha tsa Hloahloeng ea Arabia

Hloahloa kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng e Arabia. Ka e le karolo e khōlō ea linaha tsa oli. Ka mohlala, UAE (United Arab Emirates), entsoe ka re a supileng ikemetseng. Ho phaella moo, ho ke ke ka sebaka sa eona tse ling linaheng tse ya ka dipehelo tsa tlhahiso ea oli, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar. Ka makhetlo a pele ho moo, linaheng tse leng ka Hloahloeng ea Arabia, a hlaha feela ka transshipment le lintlha tse lipakeng ka litsela tsa khoebo ho ea isang ho Iraq le Iran. Kajeno, ka lebaka la ho bula ka bohareng ba tse lekholo tse fetileng, e le mehloli ea oli e khōlō, e mong le e ea linaha Arab tsa Arabia sebakeng se ipatlele bohlokoa tsa lipolotiki, mosolotogamaano le moruo boima ba sona.

Ho phaella moo, linaha tse Koung, setsing historing ea hlahang ho yona le ntshetsopele ya Boislamo, ho tloha moo e namela libakeng tse ling.

Bochabela Countries Mediterranean

Ho East Mediterranean Asia sebakeng, e bitsoang Mashriq, ho kenyeletsa tse joalo tsa Arab East, e le Rephabliki ea Iraq, 'Muso oa Jordane, Syria, Libya,' me e na le feela maemo a Palestine boikemelo. Mashriq - sena ho tloha sebopeho ka forties morao ea lekholo la mashome a mabeli, 'Muso oa Iseraele ka ho fetisisa botsitso, hoo e ka bang kamehla o loanang libaka tsa lefatše Arab. Ho pholletsa le lilemo tsa bo-mashome a mabeli o ile a nka sebaka mona ruri Arab-Iseraele lintoa le likhohlano. A re ke re ho qaqileng bo eketsehileng mabapi le linaha tsena tsa Bochabela Mediterranean, Iraq, Jordan le Palestina.

Rephabliking ea Iraq

naheng ena Arab teng ka liphula ea Eufrate le Tigris linōka, ka thota Mesopotamia, le e hlatsoa ho tswa ho metsi boroa-bochabela ho ea Persia Gulf. Ho meeli naha le Kuwait, Iran, Turkey, Syria, Saudi Arabia le ho Jordane. Ka leboea le ka leboea-bochabela ea Iraq teng Armenian le uplands MoIran, tse tsejoang ka mosebetsi phahameng litšisinyeho tsa lefatše.

Naheng Iraq, e leng motse-moholo oa Baghdad - ea bobeli e khōlō ka ho fetisisa Arab naheng ea Bochabela Mediterranean le Bochabela bo Hare sebakeng, nang le baahi ba batho ba fetang limilione tse 16.

A phetohelo ka 1958 se ile sa lebisa ho oa ha marena ka har'a naha, 'me ho tloha ka 1963 ho feta le ho feta matla a lipolotiki a qala ho ba le Arab Bososhiale Baath Party (PASV). Ka lebaka la ntoa e mahlo-mafubelu ka sixties ea tse lekholo tse fetileng, mokga qala ho busa ka 1979, a eteletsoeng pele ke Saddam Hussein. ketsahalo ena e ne e le bohato ba bohlokoa bohlokoa bophelong ba mmuso. Ke leano la sena e ne e khona ho felisa bohle ba qothisanang lehlokoa le sona 'me a lokise le Mokhoa oa matla bohatelli. Hussein ke liberalizing maano a moruo le tshebedisano hara ba sechaba ka maikutlo a ho "sera sa ho tloaelehile hore batho ba", o ne a khona ho hlokomela khōlo ea ho tloaeleha tsa bona ba na le matla a hoo e ka bang se nang moeli.

Tlas'a boeta-pele ba hae, Iraq ka 1980 lokolloang ha ntoa e khahlanong le Iran, eo e ile ea nka ho fihlela ka 1988. Ho reteleha ntlha e ne e le 2003, ha US-se ile sa etsa makhotla a ikopantseng phethile hlasela Iraq, phello ea eona e ne e le ka ho bolaoa ha Saddam Hussein. Liphello tsa tlhaselo ena ea ama ho fihlela joale. Naha hang e matla e se e le lebala la ntoa e khōlō, eo ho eona ho ho na indasteri tse tsoetseng pele, ha ho na khotso.

The Hashemite Muso oa Jordan

E ka boroa-bophirimela Asia, ka leboea-bophirimela ea qetellong ea Hloahloeng ea Arabia, ka bophirimela ho Iraq, le ho ea ka boroa ea Republic Syria e teng 'Muso ea Jordane. Mapa oa naha bontša ka ho hlaka hore hoo e ka bang kaofela ha sebaka sa eona e na le lihlaba tsa lehoatata le maralla a sa tšoaneng le lithaba. Jordan arolelanang meeli le Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, e leng Iseraele le Palestina ikemetseng sebakeng. Naha e na le mokhoa oa ho Leoatle le Lefubelu. Motse-moholo oa boemo ke Amman. Ho phaella moo, u ka khetha metseng e meholo - Zarqa le Irbid.

From 1953 ho 1999, ho fihlela lefung la hae, naha e ile a busa Korol Huseyn. Kajeno 'muso e eteletsoeng pele ke Mora oa hae - Abdullah II, ke moemeli ea Hashemite lesika le e nkoa e le e' ngoe ea 43 molokong o mong oa litloholo tsa ka ho toba ea Moprofeta Muhammad. E le busa, 'musi lefatšeng Arab ho na tshusumetso e fokolang, leha ho le joalo, matla a Jordan ea morena e laoloa ke Molao oa Motheo le Paramente.

Kajeno e le o thōtseng fetisisa ho pholletsa le naha ea Arab East. Chelete e ka sehloohong ea naha tlisa bohahlauli, hammoho le thuso ea ba bang, ruileng Arab e re.

Palestine

Sebaka sena se ikemetseng sa Mediterranean e ka bochabela e entsoe ka tse peli tse bao e seng haufi le libaka tse e mong le tse ling: Gaza moeling Iseraele le Egepeta, 'me le Banka West, eo e leng feela ho ea ka bochabela ka kopana le Jordane,' me ba bang kaofela e pota-potiloe ke tšimo ea Iseraele. Ka ho ya ka mofuta wa Palestine e arotsoe libakeng tse 'maloa: e mabalane e nonneng hammoho le lebōpo la Leoatle la Mediterranean le sehlabeng maralleng, teng ho ea ka bochabela. Ka bochabela ho naha qala steppe, e fades ka lehoatata le Syria.

Ka 1988, ka mor'a 'maloa tsa Arab-Iseraele lintoa le ho hana ka ho Jordane' me ba Egepeta bolela masimong a sa Palestina, le Palestina la National o ile a phatlalatsa ho ne ho bōptjoa le boemo ba ikemetseng. Mopresidente oa pele oa boikemelo e ne e le tsomo Yasser arafat mohemmed, mora eo lefu, ka 2005, poso ena e se e kgethile le teng hona joale ka bonatla, a Mahmoud Abbas. Kajeno ho Gaza, Hamas ke mokha oa busa, e qala ho busa ka mor'a ho hapa likhetho ka boikemelo ena. Ka Banka West laolang puso kaofela Bolaoli ho Palestina National.

Likamano pakeng tsa Palestine le Iseraele ke le boemong ba sithabetse haholo le ka ho sa feleng fetoloa e khohlano hlometseng. Meeli ea boemong ba ho Palestina le hoo e ka bang mekga tsohle li laoloa ke Iseraele mabothong a hlometseng.