Lebitso tšoanetseng? Ho monate!

lebitso e loketseng ke efe? Hona e fapana ho tloha mabitso a mang? E le ho araba potso ena, re lokela ho ikakhela ka histori ea puo.

Khopolo ea "lebitso" ka puo ea Russia e bontša hore karolo ea puo, e leng e sebediswa bakeng sa lebitso la motho e mong kapa ntho e 'ngoe. Ho ke ke ho hlokahala e le hore ho bontša ho Sepheo, lipono tse makatsang kapa batho ka letoto la tšoanang. Ka tloaelo ho, ka puo ea rōna bakeng sa hore ho sebedisa nouns tloaelehileng kapa substantivized. lebitso la e nepahetseng 'me lebitso la tloaelehile hore batho ba ka' na ba bontšoa ke mantsoe, ea ileng a li bitsoa ho tloha likarolong tse ling tsa ho bua. Ka mohlala, ka mantsoe a reng "ho hlapela" ke lentsoe la pele ke aggettivo, 'me "ho ea ho hlapela" ka moralo - substantivized lereho.

Lereho - ke e le karolo ea puo (ka tsela e hlollang, ba ikhopolang ho), morero oa seo ka sona ke ntho lebitso, motho ntho. Sena se pontšo balletsweng ka bitsa phelang kapa lintho tse sa pheleng. Lereho ka boela ba bona kapa lentsoe le. Tafole, tšimo, lebokose, khomo, moriti - nouns nouns tloaelehileng. Basil, Moscow, P. - nouns bolelang lebitso la hae. Ka thuto ea bona ea lekala e khethehileng ea saense, e bitsoang onomastics.

Tšoanetseng nouns - dihlopha e ngata haholo.

Tsena li akarelletsa:

• Mabitso a batho (Irina, Nikolay Petrovich Lvov, Marivanna (colloquial.), P.).
• Mabitso a melimo (Zeuse, Quetzalcoatl).
• Boswaswi liphoofolo tse (Beetle, Muska).
• mabitso a libaka (Khabarovsk, Leoatleng le Lefubelu, Antarctica).
• Litlotla tsa libuka, lipina, mesebetsi ea bonono, joalo-joalo ( "Hot Snow", "Anna Karenina", "Mona Lisa", "Swan botšepehi").

Information hangata qetella ka tlhophiso ena, eo e hlahisoang ke liithuti tse ka khopolo ea "lebitso". Tebileng ithuta lumella u ho arola sehlopha sena:

• mabitso Personal - bao hore ba fuoa monna ka mor'a tsoalo ea hae (Lydia, Petrose).
• Patronymic (patronymic) (V., S.).
• Mabitso a lelapa kapa meloko (li akarelletsa mabitso a).
• Cryptonyms. Ba bang ba batho entse ho pata lebitso la sebele, 'me motho eo ho bitsa batho ba bang (ho thetsa le meea e mebe). Sena se tla cryptonym.
• Anthroponomy kapa dihlooho tsa mesebetsi bongoling.
• Eponyms. Ke ho sehlopha sena se tla sebetsa e le lebitso la e nepahetseng, ka abeloa ho ea ka tšobotsi libaka mora mohale oa sebele kapa molingoana tšōmong. Mohlala, Athens, Byzantium Thebese jj

lebitso la e nepahetseng, bolelang lebitso la (libaka), tseo ka tloaelo ho thoeng ke sebaka-lebitso, le ea saense eo o ithuta nouns joalo - mabitso sebaka.

Place-mabitso a ka boela ka arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e. Ho ke ke ho hlokahala bakeng sa ho ithuta hlokolosi haholoanyane ba.

Har'a mabitso sebaka khetholloa:

• mabitso ho fedisa kapa mabitso a libakeng. Le mabitso a metse e hlalositsweng astionimam le metseng, metsaneng le lihlopha tse nyenyane - ho komonimam. Litau, Bataisk, Sinegorye - astionimy. Kryachko (motse), Red (ba polasi ya), nyakaletse (motse) - komonimy.
• Ho kenyeletsa le mabitso hydronyms matangoana a Volga, le Leoatle le Letšo, le molapo, joalo-joalo ho qhomisa e.
• Mabitso tsa lithaba ke tsa oronyms: Ural Mountains, Mount Everest, le Carpathians.
• Urbanoidy (lebitso la motse oo e kenyeletsa): Pentagon (lebitso ratoang oa setsi sa mabenkeleng ho Rostov ne e loketseng ho tšoana ho meralo le mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng eponymous.).
• Agoronimy (lebitso la sebaka): Red, Theater, le godonimy (mabitso seterata): Shevchenko Bokomonisi.
• Mabitso a Railway hlalositsweng dromonimam: North Caucasus Railway, ea Bam, ea Silk Road.
• Mabitso a libaka tse kholo se se nang baahi e bitswang horonimami le tse nyenyane - microtoponyms.

Ho na le ke tlhophiso e qaqileng, le mantsoe a mang e le hore re bitsa "lebitso". Ka mohlala, ka mabitso a lifofane ( "Ruslan" "Antey", "Black Shark") khethiloe ka poleloana e reng "aeronautonimy".

Detailed tlhophiso ea nouns ithutile ho mo magorong philological.