Khatello - ke setso bo hloekileng ba microorganisms. Mefuta ea libaktheria, likokoana-hloko, li-fungus,

Thutong ea baeloji ho hlalosa mekhoa e itseng ea phelang, eo e bua ka libakeng tsa liphoofolo, li-fungus, kapa limela, nomenclature lona ile ntshetswa pele. Le bonahatsa bao e leng mefuta e tšoanang ho itšetlehile ka litšobotsi tsa phetoho le ponahalo e ntle. Liphoofolo tse ho hlokehang ho ka litekanyetso tsa di baya ka ditlhopha mefuta, ho itšetlehile ka bokhoni ba ho fana ka bana ba nonneng nakong peō. Leha ho le joalo, melao ena e ke ho tshwanetseng feela ho tse phelang tsena, ha likokoana-hloko a ke ke a classified ka tsela ena.

Khopolo ea mathata ka maekoroboiloji

Ka lebaka la palo e khōlō ea lintho tse phelang le thepa morphological, empa likarolong tse sa tsoaneng skeletal le immunological, ho ke ke ha khoneha ho abela lebitso ho sebelisa molao-motheo nomenclature. Ka lebaka leo, re ile ra beha le ntho e kang khatello e. Ena ke setso e hloekileng ea likokoana-hloko tse o khona ho lemoha le ho itšehla sebakeng se itseng ka hora tse itseng.

E mong le e kokoana-hloko, e leng ke ea khatello e 'ngoe, ka tsela e tšoanang ho moemeli tse ling tse joalo ka ho skeletal, morphological, liphatsa tsa lefutso le ho immunological mekgwatiriso. Empa ka hare ho mefuta e tšoanang ea baktheria dipapiso joalo ha ba hlokomela. Hobane khatello ea - le ho feta tenyetsehang lebitso likokoana-hloko tse setso. Ho tloha phapanyetsano e potlakileng ea lintho tse bonahalang le liphatsa tsa lefutso (liphetoho liphatseng tsa lefutso) isang ponahalo ea lintho tse phelang tse ncha ka har'a mefuta e, empa le thepa tse ding, ke tlhaloso Sena se nolofalletsa mokhoa o nepahetseng haholoanyane khethollang ho pathogenicity le virulence lintlha.

mefuta baktheria

The nomenclature jwale ea libaktheria ho go arologana mefuta ea lintho tse, empa ha e khethollang thepa ea bona e ncha. Ea bobeli hlaha ka lebaka la sa liphetoho liphatseng tsa lefutso ka potlako, ho fumana thepa e ncha, ho akarelletsa le pathogenic le batho, liphoofolo tsa polasing le dimela, hammoho le likokoana-hloko tse ling. MOHLALA Nomenclature mohlala E. coli e tjena: 'muso - libaktheria thaepa - proteobacteria, ea gamma-proteobacteria tlelaseng, odara - Enterobacteriales, lelapa Enterobacteriaceae. Rod - Escherichia, 'me maikutlo a - Escherichia colli. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea libaktheria litso Escherichia colli, ba bontša thepa ea fapaneng. Di arotsoe ka mefuta e ka thoko ea libaktheria na le lebitso la tlatsetso. Mohlala, Escherichia colli O157: H7.

Fetisisang E. coli se teng ka intestine batho 'me ha a etsa hore lefu, empa khatello O157: H7 - pathogenic feela ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha lintlha tse ngata virulence. O ile a hlokomela mafu enterotoxigenic seoa ka lilemo tse fetileng 5.

mefuta bongata ba kokwanahloko

Khopolo ea khatello - e tenyetsehang sehlooho tse phelang le thepa e tšoanang le eo li ne li ka thōko ebe tsejoa le hlalosoa e sebakeng se itseng ka nako e itseng. Le temana lona kokoana-hloko ka be thepa e ncha ka lebaka la ho hoholeha antigenic. Sena se tla bopa le mathata a macha bongata ba kokwanahloko e ka ba pathogenic fetang moholo-holo ba eona.

Suthela pontšo ea ho hlaha ha likokoana-hloko tse ncha e ka ba mohlala oa kokoana-hloko ea ntaramane. Ho ke ea orthomyxovirus lelapa 'me o bitsoa ho itšetlehile ka antigens le (hemagglutinin le neuraminidase) HxNy. X le Y - ke boleng dipalo tsena, ho thuisa ho ba teng ha antigens. Mohlala - H5N1, e tsejoang bakeng sa seoa sa morao-rao tsa ntaramane likolobe le serame sa matšoafo ka potlako a tsoela pele ho hemorrhagic. Ho ea ka khopolo ea ho khatello e loketseng ho mathata a macha le kotsi le ho feta ka ba le e le ho ritsa antigenic.

mefuta Fungal le mefuta ea protists

Ya likokoana-hloko tsohle hlobo ke polygonal bonyane, le hoja Biochemistry bona e boetse ke e rarahaneng. Ka ho qhekella mohaho rarahane ho feta hore ba libaktheria le likokoana-hloko, hammoho le ka lebaka la ho haelloa ke ho itima lijo phetiso mekgwa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ntjha fungal mefuta eketseha hanyenyane. Ho na le boetse ho na le maikutlo a hore leha e le efe e ncha sa tsoa ile a fumana mathata fungal - e-ba teng pele ho 'mele, e leng e feela ho sa tla ka mose ho bafuputsi.

Boemo bo tšoanang e ka 'muso oa protists. matla a bona a ho mutate ke tse nyenyane, ka lebaka monyetla hore mefuta e ncha hlaha ka potlako, e nyenyane haholo. Leha ho le joalo, liphetolelo tse ncha tsa lintho tse phelang tsa mefuta e sa tšoanang ntse li etsahala. Hobane, ho bonahala, ba boetse ba e-ba teng pele, empa ba ne ba sa fumanoa.