Ke eng sekoahelo lesela? Sekoahelo lesela: mesebetsi le litšobotsi mehaho ea lisele

Lesela - e behiloeng ea lisele, ba kopantsoe ke mohaho o tšoanang le mosebetsi, 'me intercellular ntho. From masela thehoa 'mele, e leng, le eena, a theha tsamaiso' mele. Ho fetisisa tse phelang multicellular bopilwe bangata ba mefuta ya dinama tse nyenyane tse.

fapafapana

Saense hore o ithuta dinama tse nyenyane tse (sobotta), e totobatsa ba bangata ba mefuta e tsa bona.

Types of lisele phoofolo :

• mateano;
• mesifa;
• tšohile;
• ba apere seaparo sa dinama tse nyenyane tse (epithelial);

Types of dimela lisele:

• THUTO (meristem);
• parenchyma;
• lesela koahela;
• phetha molao;
• excretory;
• conductive.

E mong le e ba mefuta ya lesela kopanya mefuta e 'maloa.

Mefuta e sa tsoaneng ya dinama tse nyenyane tse connective:

• teteaneng;
• hlephileng;
• reticular;
• lefufuru;
• lesapo;
• mafura;
• lymphoma;
• mali.

Types of dinama tse nyenyane tse mesifa :

• boreleli;
• striated;
• pelo.

Types of lesela thuto :

• apical;
• lehlakoreng;
• kenellang lipakeng.

Mefuta e sa tsoaneng ya lesela conductive :

• xylem;
• phloem.

Types of dinama tse nyenyane tse ho phetha molao:

• kolenhima;
• sclerenchyma.

About mefuta e sa tsoaneng, sebopeho le mesebetsi ya lesela ho koahela ea liphoofolo le limela e tla tšohloa ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane tlase.

Features ya sebopeho sa lesela barbotage. lesedi kakaretso

Features ya sebopeho sa lesela barbotage ka lebaka la ho sebakeng lona. Leha ho na le mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse ngata tsa mofuta ona wa dinama tse nyenyane tse, ba tsohle tse tšoanang.

Ke kamehla palo e khōlō ea lisele le ho honyenyane intercellular ntho. likaroloana mehaho di fumaneha haufi le e mong le e tse ling. Sebōpeho sa lesela barbotage le kamehla e fana ka dikamano hlakile lisele tse ka sebaka. Ea bobeli ba le e ka holimo ka tlaase le e ka karolo le karolong e ka holimo ba kamehla teng haufi le holim 'mele. Tšobotsi e 'ngoe, e leng e tšoauoa ka sebōpeho sa lesela barbotage, ke hore ha e se hantle nkeloa sebaka. lisele tse lona di-ba ea nakoana. Ba ba khona ho ka potlako abelana, ka lebaka la ho e dinama tse nyenyane tse e kamehla ntlafalitsoeng.

masela mosebetsi barbotage

Pele ho tsohle ba phetha karolo e sireletsang, arola tikoloho ka hare ho tloha lefatšeng kantle.

Ba ile ba boela ba phethe fapanyetsana le mesebetsi excretory. Hangata ka le lesela koahela e fana le pores ho etsa bonnete ba ena. Ka sehloohong mosebetsi qetela - receptor.

mofuta o mong oa barbotage dinama tse nyenyane tse liphoofolo - glandular epithelium - etsa mosebetsi secretory.

Barbotage dimela dinama tse nyenyane tse

Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea ho bona:

• mathomo;
• mahareng;
• More.

Le ka sehloohong la sekoahelo sa lisele tse ka dimela kenyeletsa epidermis le exoderm. Ea pele ke holim'a makhasi 'me re susumetsoa mocha,' me ea bobeli - ho motso.

Ea bobeli barbotage lesela - periderm. O koahetse ba hōlileng tsebong ho feta bakoa.

Ka ho eketsehileng ho koahela lesela - banana peels kapa ritidom.

The epidermis: sebopeho le mosebetsi

Sepheo se seholo sa mofuta ona wa lesela - ho fana ka ho sireletsa dimela ho tswa omisa tsoa. O ile a hlaha ka phelang ka hang ha ba fihla lebōpong. Bakeng sa dimelametsing, ho epidermis ntse ke le sieo, empa spore behang dimela e se e le teng.

A seleng e koahela sekoahelo lesela la mofuta ona e na le thatafetseng ntle leboteng. lisele tsohle tse ka ho ikopanya le e haufi le e mong le e tse ling.

Ka dimela e phahameng, holim kaofela e koahetsoeng ka cuticle dinama tse nyenyane tse - lera la cutin tlotsitsoe ka boka.

Sebōpeho sa lesela semela sekoahelo sa eona e fana ka bakeng sa e khethehileng ka nako e telele - stomata. Ba hlokahala bakeng sa metsi, phapanyetsano khase le molao oa tsamaiso mocheso. sethusathuto Stomatal Ho thehoa ke lisele tse khethehileng: pedi tloaelo bulehileng le 'maloa lehlakoreng. lisele tse sa itebela fapana tse ling e ile ea eketseha palo ya chloroplasts. Ho feta moo, ba heletsa marako a bona unevenly thatafetseng. Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea mohaho ea lisele itebela hore - e ntseng e eketseha palo ea mitochondria le leucoplasts le limatlafatsi tse ngata tse eketsehileng.

Stomata ka dimela e phahameng ba sebakeng ka makhasi, hangata ka underside ya lehlakoreng, empa haeba dimela metsi - ka holimo.

Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea epidermis le - ho ba teng ha moriri, kapa trichomes. Ba ka 'na bopilwe ka seleng e le' ngoe kapa tse ngata. Moriri ka 'na ba glandular ka, ka mohlala, ho tloha bobatsi.

periderm

mofuta ona wa lesela la sekoahelo sa eona ke bath ea limela e phahameng hore na bakoa Woody.

Periderm na le dikarolo tse tharo. Bohareng - phellogen - ke habohlokoa. Ha ho arola liseleng tse lona butle-butle ha thehoa le ka ntle la lekhapetla le - fellema (tube,) le le ka hare - phelloderm.

Mesebetsi e ka sehloohong ea periderm - ke ho sireletsa dimela khahlanong le tshenyo phetha molao, e leng ho kenella ka hare tsa lintho tse phelang pathogenic, hammoho le ho fana ka mocheso tloaelehileng. Mosebetsi e qetellang e fanoa ke lera le ka ntle - fellemoy hobane lisele tse lona le tletse moea.

Mosebetsi le sebōpeho sa karolong e ka holimo ea

Ho na le bafu lisele tse letlalo phellogen. Ho ekelletsa moo lesela koahela e ka ntle, ho pota periderm ena.

Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa karolong e ka holimo ea - ho sireletsa dimela ho tloha le tsenyehelo le thempereichara e feteletseng.

Lisele tsa dinama tse nyenyane tse ba sa khone ho ba bolella. Lisele tse ka lisele tse ling tse ka hare e le arohaneng. Butle-butle karolong e ka holimo a otlolla, ka tsela eo e ntseng e eketseha ea bophara ba kutu sefate. Leha ho le joalo, lesela lena e na le elasticity lekaneng tlaase hobane lisele tse lona rua thata haholo cornified enfelopo. Tabeng ena, e karolong e ka holimo a qala ho khoa haufinyane.

Sekoahelo lesela ka liphoofolo

Types of lisele sekoahelo sa liphoofolo ke haholo sa tšoaneng ho feta limeleng. A re hlahlobeng bona ka ho qaqileng.

Ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho sa abelwang karolo ya mefuta eno ya lisele tse sekoahelo sa eona liphoofolo: e le 'ngoe-lera le selotlolo lera epithelium. Sebopeho sa sele ea pele e arotsoe dikhubu, a bataletse 'me cylindrical. Ho itšetlehile ka hore mesebetsi ya lisele tse le tse hlahang ho sebopeho lona khetholla glandular tsa mamela, seo ciliated epithelium.

Ho na le tlhophiso e 'ngoe ea epidermis le - ho tla ya ka dinama tse nyenyane tse le ho tswa e ho e thehoa nakong eo ntshetsopele ya embryo ena. Ho ea ka molao-motheo ona ka ho tsejoa epidermal, enterodermalny, tselonefrodermalny, ependimoglialny le mefuta angiodermalny tsa epithelium. Origin thehoa ho tswa ectoderm ena. Hangata ka ho fetisisa e le selotlolo mekhahlelo, empa e se etsahala le multilane (pseudostratified).

Enterodermalny thehoa ho tswa endoderm, ke le 'ngoe-lera. Tselonefrodermalny thehoa ho tswa mesoderm. mofuta ona wa ea se nang molekane-lera epithelium, ho ka ba dikhubu kapa bataletse. Ependimoglialny - khethehileng epithelium hore meleng e ka cavities ea boko. Ho Ho thehoa ho tswa tube, embryonic neural ke lera le 'ngoe, bataletse. Angiodermalny thehoa ho tswa mesenchyme, ho e teng ka lehlakoreng la ka hare la sekepe. Bafuputsi ba bang ba nka sena se ho epithelial dinama tse nyenyane tse, 'me ho mabapi le.

Sebopeho le mosebetsi

Properties bitiela phoofolo dinama tse nyenyane tse leshano ka 'nete ea hore lisele li teng haufi haholo le mong ho e mong, hoo e ka bang ha ho na ntho intercellular.

Tšobotsi e 'ngoe - ho ba teng ha ka tlaase lera. E thehoa ka mosebetsi oa lisele le dinama tse nyenyane tse connective sekoahelo. The bokima jwa lera basal ke about 1 micron. Ho na le lipoleiti tse peli: leseli le lefifi. Pele ke lintho tse bonahalang amorphous le protheine tlaase dikahare, barui k'halsiamo ions, e fana ka puisano pakeng tsa lisele tse. Lefifi poleiti e na le palo e kholo ea fibrillar collagen le tse ling tse dibopeho tse fanang ka matla a ho lera ho. Ho feta moo, ka poleiti lefifi na fibronectin le laminin, tse hlokahalang bakeng sa nchafatso ea epithelium ena.

Stratified epithelium na le sebopeho rarahane ho feta lera e le 'ngoe. Mohlala, teteaneng epithelium ea letlalo e na le dikarolo tse hlano: basal, spinous, granular, benyang le geile. Lisele tsa e mong le e lera na sebopeho fapaneng. Lisele tsa lera basal fapana sebopeho cylindrical, spinous lera - ka sebopeho le khutlontsi, granular - rhomboid, bohlale - a bataletseng stratum - lisele tse scaly bafu tlala keratin.

Mesebetsi ya dinama tse nyenyane tse epithelial - ke ho sireletsa 'mele khahlanong le tshenyo mechine le mogote ho tswa ho ho kenella ka hare tsa likokoana-hloko. Mefuta e meng ea epithelium na mesebetsi e itseng. Mohlala, glandular le boikarabelo ba ho secretion ea li-hormone le lintho tse ling tse kang earwax, mofufutso, lebese, 'me ba bang.

Beha mefuta e fapaneng ya epithelium 'meleng

Bakeng sa tshenolo ya sehlooho sena se ke tafole.

mofuta epithelium	hokae
a bataletseng	Molomo cavity, nasopharynx, metso
cylindrical	Lehlakoreng le ka hare la mala, mala
dikhubu	liphio tubules
nahanela	cavity nasal
ciliated	Lufthansa
glandular	litsoelesa
multilayered	Upper letlalo lera (cuticle, epidermis)

Tse ling tsa mefuta tsena na mesebetsi e itseng. Mohlala, ama epidermis, e leng e ka nko, o ile a ke le boikarabelo ba ho e 'ngoe ea Mecha ea kutlo e mehlano - the Mocha oa ho fofonela.

se fumaneng

Lesela koahela e tšoauoa ka limela le liphoofolo tseo ka bobeli. Ka bobeli, ba ne ba na le tse ling tse ngata tse fapa-fapaneng, ba le sebopeho sa e rarahaneng ho feta le ho phetha mesebetsi e eketsehileng.

Barbotage dimela dinama tse nyenyane tse ke ya mefuta e meraro: mathomo, se mahareng le ho feta. The bath mathomo ea limela tsohle, ntle le dimelametsing, mahareng - bakeng sa ba tse thibela karolo e 'ngoe stiffens, ho feta - ho dimela le bakoang ka botlalo oderevenevayuschim.

Koahela lisele phoofolo li bitsoa epithelial. Ho na le a 'maloa a classifications palong ea magato aa ka sebōpeho sa lisele tse, mesebetsi, ho ea ka mohloli oa sebopeho. Ho latela tlhophiso ea pele, ho na le e le 'ngoe-lera le selotlolo lera epithelium. E totobatsa bobeli bataletseng, dikubita, cylindrical, ciliated. Ea boraro - nahanela, glandular. Ho ea ka ea bone, ho na le epidermal, enterodermalny, tselonefrodermalny, ependimoglialny le angiodermalny epithelium.

Sepheo se ka sehloohong sa mefuta e bongata ba masela a barbotage le liphoofolo le limela - sireletsa 'mele tokisetsong e' ngoe ea tikoloho ka ntle, mocheso molao oa tsamaiso.