Haufi-Kit lelapa la maruarua

Smooth (ea sebele) maruarua - ke a maholohali a haholo, sokameng le Big-liphoofolo tse anyesang, furrowing maoatle ba polanete ea rōna. Lebitso la lelapa la bona ka lebaka la ho ba sieo ha ka 'metso le mpeng ea metsero sa tšoaneng le grooves, ho etsa' mele haholo boreleli. Hona joale, lelapa la lithabahali na le botho ba genera tse peli le mefuta e mene. Moholo ka ho fetisisa leruarua lelapa la lithabahali boreleli Cetacean - harepa. Nahana ka liphoofolo tsena metsing ka ho qaqileng le ho feta.

Systematization tsa maruarua

Pele u qala pale ena, e ne e tla ba ho loketseng ho thathamisa litho tsohle tsa lelapa. Re etsa joalo haholo hobane ba ne ba ha e le ngata. Zoologists arola tsena liphoofolo tse metsing mefuta e 'meli feela. Pele - bowhead maruarua - e emeloang ke pono e 'ngoe le' ngoe ea lebitso la e tšoanang. Ea bobeli - ka boroa maruarua le letona - e tšoantšetsoang ke mefuta e meraro: o ka leboea, e ka boroa le Japanese. Makatsang ke mofuta oa Greenland bowhead maruarua ho elella Miocene le mathoasong a Pleistocene, e se e hlahisa le mefuta e mehlano e fapaneng. mesaletsa bona 'nile ha fumanoa Amerika Leboea le Europe.

Tlhaloso ea lelapa

Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe ka holimo, litho tsa lelapa la - a maholohali le sokameng seqhenqha le hlooho e khōlō. Bolelele ba liphoofolo tsena a ka finyella ho fihlela ho 18, 'me ka linako tse ling ho fihlela ho limithara tse 22. boima ba 'mele ea bona ka tsela eo ranges ho tloha boima ba lithane tse 30 ho ea ho tse 100. Ha e le hantle, ho na le batho ba limithara tse 15 ka bolelele. 'Mele oa maruarua ana o teteaneng le boreleli tlase. Ha ba na metopa longitudinal le furrows, e leng seo ba neng ba abelwa ho lelapa loketseng. The mapheoana ea liphoofolo tsena li khutšoanyane, empa ka bophara, 'me molomo oa ka ke e moqotetsane, empa e phahameng.

Ke hokae moo ba lulang teng?

Baemeli ba lelapa la linatla boreleli phela haholo-holo ka metsi a leoatle, ba ahileng Pacific, Atlantic le Leoatle la Arctic. Mohlala, leruarua ka leboea e lulang ho eona metsi a Atlantic. congener hae Japanese ka fumanoa ho pholletsa le North Pacific. pono boroa ea cetaceans e abuoeng ka ho metsi a batang le tse futhumetseng tsa ho Southern ea Lefatše ea Lefatše. Haufi-Kit lelapa la maruarua - Greenland Polar - khetha metsi a batang Northern Lefatše. tikoloho lona ka ho toba e amanang le fumaneha leqhoa tsoa ho na le tse phaphametseng.

Lifestyle maruarua

Ha e le ea khale, zoologists qetella a nahana hore ke baemedi ba lelapa la khetha ho lula ke le mong. Seoelo ha ba theoha ka lihlopha tsa batho ba 4-5, empa ho na le ho feta. Lihlopha tsa maruarua ana a fumanoa libakeng tse ka mahloriso phahameng ka ho fetisisa lijo. Sesa linatla hoo e batlang e ka holim'a metsi.

Bo-rasaense ba hlalosa tshebetso ya ho fepa maruarua e le ntho e monate le e sa tloaelehang: nakong lijo tsa bona ba a phaphametse bathomg ka melomo lohle-bulehileng, 'me joaloka e hloekile lephaka, sucks ka batho ba mefuta eohle krill, plankton le liphoofolo tse ling. Fumaneha tenya ya subcutaneous mafura haholo mpefala mocheso phetiso 'meleng oa libōpuoa tsena, kahoo ha ho mohla ba sesa metsing a sa e chesang e mongobo.

Baleen maruarua, joaloka cetaceans tse ling tsohle - ke viviparous liphoofolo tse anyesang. Ka mantsoe a mang, e seng feela ha ba beleha phela mocha se, empa ba fepa ka lebese! Ke ke hobane'ng ha e le phoso ho lumela hore maruarua - tlhapi. Tshohanyetso, leruarua lebese ke makhetlo a 10 le phepo ho feta khomo. Ke ka lebaka leo kityata nyane hōla ka potlako haholo.

lelapa la Morena

Greenland Polar leruarua - kholo ka ho fetisisa ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsohle emeloang lelapa. Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, sena ke moemeli feela sa lelapa la eponymous. Ho ke ea suborder tsa baleen maruarua. Jwale, eo tsejoa hore bolelele lebetsoeng le tsa 'mele oa seqhenqha sena ka fihla limithara tse 22. Tabeng ena, ba batšehali Hangata kholoanyane ho feta ba batona. Boima ba liphoofolo tse anyesang tsena fapana ho ea boima ba lithane tse 80 ho ea ho tse 150. Bowhead maruarua - divers babatsehang. Ho ka ba bonolo ikakhela ka botebo ba limithara tse 200 'me u lule moo ho metsotso e ho fihlela ho 40. Karolelano ea lebelo la motsamao oa bowhead maruarua - 20 km SE / H.

A leruarua kholo ho tloha lelapa la boreleli - rekoto hore phela nako e telele har'a vertebrates. Ho ka karolelano lilemo tse 40, empa sena ha se tekanyong. Bo-rasaense ba pheha khang ea hore maemong a motho haholo phelela lilemo tse 211! Ho ke sebele tlaleho e!

Kamoo 'me seo ba lokelang ho ja bowhead leruarua?

Motheong oa lijo tsa linatla tsena tsa plankton - lijo tsa bona li ratang. Greenland leruarua Polar khetha ho ja liphoofolo tse nyane crustaceans (mohlala, copepods) le pteropods. Batho ba baholo maruarua a timetsang ka letsatsi ho fihlela ho lithane tse 2 tsa plankton! Tshebetso ya ho fepa liphoofolo tsena ho na fapaneng le matla a baemeli kaofela ha suborder tsa baleen maruarua. Sena se ba thusa hore ba seo ho thoeng ke whalebone - tsubuhlellano ba mohlahareng oa lipoleiti khethehileng leketlisitse. E 'ngoe ea motho bona e ka ba ho tloha likotoana 320 ho 370. Bolelele ba e mong le e poleiti - ho fihlela ho limithara tse 4,5.

Joaloka kaofela mosa oa hae, e leng whale kholo ho tloha lelapa la susumeletsa boreleli ka tshebetso ya ho fepa ka melomo e ahlameng le ka metsing, seha ka ho eona le 'mele oa hae o matla le e khōlō. O tšoana le seqhenqha lephaka hloekile, ho sucks ka sohle tlang ka tsela ea hae. Mona ke moo mesebetsi ea filtara ba bona ba tlhaho - whalebone. Crustaceans rarolla ka lipoleiti seqhenqha ea baleen, ebe hona joang kapa joang horutse puo ea le metsoa. Mohaho o motle haholo oa lipoleiti joalo lumella phoofolo e anyesang ho sefa krill, eo ka lebaka la ho boholo ba tsona, e ka 'na ha e fumanehe bakeng sa ho maruarua tse ling.

Le haufi le ho fela

Cetaceans ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng lelapa li ne li le ntle haholo felisoa ke monna e telele pele whaling Ntlafatso tshebetso. Le tsohle hobane maruarua ho le bonolo ho fumana: ba phela ka le dikarolo e ka holimo metsi, a 'na a haufi le lebōpo la leoatle. Ho phaella moo, ba ile ba ba lieha le boima. Ka bomalimabe, hona joale, palo ea liphoofolo tse anyesang tsena ke mafutsana. Ka mohlala, e ka boroa ea leruarua le letona e emeloang ke motho ka mong 7,000, 'me ka leboea - 300 motho ka mong. maruarua Japanese ka kakaretso na ho feta motho ka mong 200.

North le maruarua Japanese thathamisitsoe ka Red Book e le mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela. Baahi counterparts bona ka boroa, ka lehlohonolo, e butle-butle a hlaphoheloa. Joalo-na le thahasello e eketsehileng ho linatla tsena ka lebaka la ho khatholoha bona tsa lipalangoang. Taba ea hore ebe e khōlō palo ya mafura ha whalers bolaea phoofolo ho ikakhela ka metsing - le phoofolo e anyesang e hoholeha holim'a metsi.