Ea ileng a haha le Cathedral ea Annunciation ka Moscow?

E le ho araba potso ea ileng a haha le Cathedral of Annunciation le, ha ho bonolo. ho na le maikutlo a sa tšoaneng ka taba ena. Litlhaloso tsa kerekeng e khōlō ho ba setho sa lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, ka neano e 'nile ea hatisoa (ha a tiisa, Leha ho le joalo, lintho tse ling) ho haha ka 1291 kereke lehong tsa Annunciation tsa Andreem Aleksandrovichem, khosana ke mora oa Aleksandra Nevskogo. Ho tloha ka nako eo ho ne ho lekhotla khosana, etsa bonnete ba hore e tlameha ebe tempele e ne e lokela ho hahoa Moscow. Kahoo ho na le e ne e le Annunciation Cathedral of the Kremlin. Photo of moaho foromo lona jwale o hlalosoa sehloohong sena.

maikutlo a fapaneng

Leha ho le joalo, litšupiso ho Cathedral of the Annunciation ka 1397 feela hlaha ka matsatsi Serussia feela joaloka ho tloha Byzantium ho Moscow, aekhoneng e neng e tlisoa ka tlas'a lebitso la "Kreste rizitse tšoeu." Bafuputsi ba ka hoo ba abeloa ho hahoa mohaho lejoe le kereke e khōlō ea ho ea qetellong ea lekholo la bo14 la lilemo. Ho ile ngotsoe 1397 kapa selemo (Zabelin, Izvekov) kapa 1393 selemo (Skvortsov, Krasovsky).

Sesosa sa ho fumana boitsebiso bo bobeli letsatsi tšepe hore Princess Evdokia ile ha thehoa 1395 kereke ea Nativity tsa Lady Our (ntlo). Ho ne ho lumeloa hore e le nyenyane ka pel'a ne e le ho hlaha ka tempeleng ea bohosana. Ka 1405, joalokaha ho tlalehiloe ke litaba ka, kereke e ile ea qala ho hlalosa mong'a Feofan Grechin, "moholo ho tloha Gorodets" Prokhor le Andrei Rublev. Re qetile hona selemong seo.

Kaho ea lejoe kerekeng e khōlō

Hlaha ka 1416, tlaleho e ncha, eo e bua ka ho bōptjoa ha kereke Lejoe la Annunciation se leqepheng la 18 July.

bopaki bo tse ling tsa sefika sena e thehiloe tsosoloso ea Kremlin libini, e ne e ketekoa ka mathoasong a lilemo tse makholo 16-17. Bookmark mohaho o mocha oa kereke e khōlō e ile ea etsahala ka May 6, 1484. Ivan III kahong ea ba laetseng hore ba beha tente haufi le ntlo ea borena ea bohosana bakeng confessor hae le hore o ne a ba aroloa ho tloha tempeleng. lilemo tse 5 hamorao, ka 1489 (9 August), ea kereke e ncha e ile inehetseng Metropolitan Gerontius.

Ivan III lekholong la bo15 la lilemo morao ba ile ba qala ho haha o mocha oa bolulo hlollang tsa khosana ena. Hahiloeng ka nako eo ho marako le lecha la Kremlin, khopolo le Annunciation Cathedral. Architects Myshkin le Krivtsov, ea ileng a haha khopolo ea, a utloa bohloko, ha ho le jwalo, o ile a hlōleha. Hona ho leka pele e entsoeng ka tsona, a etsa qeto ea hore marako a mohaho nakong tšisinyeho ea lefatše li ile tsa senngoa.

Pskov benghali

Leha ho le joalo, ea ileng a haha le Cathedral of Annunciation joang? Ka sehloohong meralo ea fane ha re tsebe. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka bona direkoto mong Motlalehi, ka 1474, ho ka etsahala ho ahlola hore haha Annunciation Cathedral (Lejoe) Pskov benghali. Har'a mehaho e meng hore ho thathamisitsoe ka bohlale ena, a sireletsa Dukhovskaya (-bo-bong ka litlalehong tsa histori ea Kereke), hammoho le ho Deposition ea Robe, e leng ka Kremlin. Ka kaofela ha bona ho na le makgetha a ho itseng tse khethollang ba Pskov mehaho: litšiea, lisekoere ba rera, arches phahameng. O ka ahloloa ho ea ya data ka ea ileng a haha le Cathedral of Annunciation ena. Ba ne ba beng ba ba Pskov. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le boetse ho na le thepa ea motheo rannemoskovskogo: portals ba keeled sebopeho le mabota a khabisitsoeng ka lebanta patterned. Ka hona, ho re sebele ka ea ileng a haha le Cathedral of Annunciation ea, re ka khona ho joalo. O ile a tlameha ho feta moo, se entsoe ka setene, le hoja lintho tse bonahalang tsa motheo bakeng sa kaho ea Pskov ka nako eo e ne e le lejoe le tšoeu. Ho joalo, ho sa tsotellehe ha e le hantle hore boholo ba bafuputsi ba bolela ho Annunciation Cathedral ka mehaho Pskov, ba bang ba ntse ba nka hore ke bōptjoa ha benghali Moscow.

Cathedral of the Annunciation kajeno

Kajeno le Cathedral of Annunciation ea Moscow e na le likarolo tse tharo, tse neng li hahoa ka linako tse fapaneng. Motheong oa ho sefapano domed kereke, chetyrehstolpny trehapsidny. Hahoa lilemong tsa bo-bo15 morao, le bongata ba pheta morero oa, hammoho le, mohlomong, litekanyo ea tempele, e e-ba teng pele, qalong ea lekholo la tšoanang. Phapang pakeng tsa mehaho ena e 'meli e ne e le' nete ea hore ka tempeleng hamorao e ile pota-potiloe ke la gallery-mathule ka mahlakoreng 'ohle. Ho ne ho lumeloa hore kaofela ha bona, ka ntle le ka bochabela, ba ile ba bōptjoa hammoho lekhotla la, empa ba ne ba bulehileng ho fihlela bohareng ba lekholo la bo16 la lilemo. Ho etsa lipatlisiso tse amanang le ho lilemo tse 60-go th ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo li bontša hore vaults tsa galleries ka bophirimela le e ka leboea ba beha tsoa ka setene tšoana le kereke e khōlō e. Motheong ena, re ka nka hore ba haufi ka nako kapa tsoa hong drive ya sehlooho tempele. Ho mo sehelane moeli le ka lehlakoreng le ka bochabela la Exchequer, eo e ile ea hahoa hammoho lekhotla, 'me lekholong la bo18 la lilemo heletsoa.

Cathedral fetoha The robong

Annunciation Cathedral ka Moscow qalong moqhaka khaolo ea tse tharo - ba babeli ba ile ba teng ba fetang likhutlong e ka bochabela ea kaho le e mong - bohareng. The vaults tsa galleries ka halofo ea bobeli ea lekholo la bo16 la lilemo li ne li lokisetsa matlo a thapelo a mane, e leng ne a boetse a khaolo e. Ho phaella moo, tse ling tse peli ba 'nile ba a phaella ka ho bongata ka. Cathedral qetella e The robong. Gore e tle e ile hlahisoang ke e bohareng pyramidal khaolo ea ho khaolo ea aisles. Kokoshniki le hatisa keel lona zakomars ratang ka moropa o bohareng. Central hlooho ka 1508 e ile a manehiloe, 'me hamorao, ka halofo ea bobeli ea lekholo la bo16 la lilemo, ho bile joalo le ka tse ling tse robong. Marulelo hape ne a koahetsoe ka koporo e manehiloe. Cathedral hobane o ne a bitsoa "Golden-Domed". Setšoantšo sa hlohonolofatsoa Moroetsana Maria tšoantšetsa ho robong - robong palo ea mangeloi a le bahalaleli leholimong.

Features ya Annunciation Cathedral

Ka boholo ba Annunciation Cathedral of the Kremlin nyenyane. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore e ne e reretsoe haholo-holo bakeng sa litho tsa lelapa la Prince. Qalong e le litšiea ka bochabela ea iconostasis tsa Annunciation Cathedral, e neng e feela hanyenyane ka tlaase ho feta ea leng teng. Sehella boholo vertikalizm distinguishes sebaka lona bohareng. Ena ke phahameng moqomo, saddle-girth kenella arches. Lathe mokhatlo oa tota mabone. Ho ile siruoe ke karolo e tlase le molapo holimo la leseli aa tšela ho tloha lifensetere tsa moqomo le.

Karolong e ka bophirimela ho na le choruses bongata ba hore ho itšetleha ka arches maholohali a tlaase. sesebediswa bona bakeng sa ea qetellong ea lekholo la bo15 la lilemo se a khale. Ho ka etsahala hore ebe, le wa borumuwa le ho haha tempele le lelapa. Ho ka etsahala hore sena ke ka lebaka la ho ba le takatso ea ho boloka moralo hore ne moaho fetileng. E boetse e nka (lekholong la bo19 la lilemo) hore choruses ba ne ba ne a rerile hore baemeli ba lelapa la borena nakong ea borapeli. Leha ho le joalo, ho ile ha fumanoa hore ba ne ba qalong arohane leboteng ba bolelele ba ka bang peli limithara tse, le botenya ba litene tse peli. Lik'hoaere e-ba joalo ka sebaka sa koetsoeng, eo bakeng sa litsebeletsong tse khethehileng tsa utloeng e ne e se ea loketseng. Ba ba ho ka etsahala, ba ne ba ka beha lehlakoreng-matlo a thapelo. Tse pedi leqeba etella pele ho bona: ka spiral boipelaetso litepising ho tswa ho tlase k'honeng boroa-bophirimela ho mohaho, eo e teng ka hare-hare ho majoe le; hammoho le ka ho toba ho tloha ntlong ea borena, e leng e thehiloe khoro ena.

mathule

kaho ea kerekeng e khōlō ka ho haha, ho tloha ka mahlakoreng 'ohle e ile pota-potiloe ke porches. S'o ka ho lekaneng ithutile ponahalo ea bona ea pele, 'me nako ea ketsahalo e sa. Bochabela (hammoho le Exchequer) ile qhaqhoa, 'me ka boroa e lahlehileng hoo e ka bang ka ho feletseng talimela pele. Mathule, khabisitsoeng ka lijaneng tse betliloeng tsa, o etella ho mathule ka boroa. E, ho ea ka tšōmo, e ile ea hahoa ho Ivan le tšabehang, e le 'ngoe ka mor'a lenyalo bone amohuoa le letona ho ba teng ka kerekeng, o ile a laela ho hokela ho kaho ea mathule, e leng e ne e le nakong ea tšebeletso.

Floor le mathule

Neano e amahanya le Ivan le tšabehang ka ponahalo ea fatše, a ntse a teng kajeno. Ho na le ho na le masakana nyane patiwa ka silicon e Jasper le agate. Ho lumeloa hore batho ba bong o ile a tlisoa e tsoang Rostov e Moholo eo morena, moo a neng a hang Byzantium. Mathule, e hlokomoloha sebaka leboea-bochabela, ho ne ho mekete. Ha fokotsa yona ho ya ka 1564 ntlo ea thapelo e ile ea hahoa ka mo ho matlafatsa bohlaleng bo tlisa litšiea, kahoo li ne li lahlehile liforomo boholo-holo. Mathule qalong e ne e le ka tsela e tšoanang ho ea ka boroa, ho ne ho le bonolo. The arches ea eona li ne li tšehetsoa ke sa karolong e ngotsoeng ka litlhaku tse betliloeng. Ka litšiea tse teteaneng a sireletsa mong oa bona. lere e ne e le tsona tsosolosoa - e ne e qalong steeper le khutšoanyane.

Tempele le portals porches isang. Bophirimela le karolong e ka leboea bolaoa ke carvers Setaliana. South nakong alterations ka 1836, ho mathule ka boroa e ile ea timetsoa, ea tsosolosoa ka 1949, bakiloeng pholoha.

Cathedral penta

Vasily III, e khōlō le khosana eo e neng e le mojalefa oa Ivan III, o ile a laela ka eena qalong ea puso ea splendidly khabisa diaekhone le ea Cathedral ea silevera le khauta foreime le hlalosa eona. Ho na le likhopolo-taba tse kerekeng e khōlō o ile a isoa le diaekhone Andreya Rubleva (a khale lehong) 'me e ne e tletse ka ho penta e ncha ka ea mohlala hantle tsa pele ho moo. Fedor Edikeev etsa mosebetsi ona.

Ba ba tsoa ka mathule ka mural litšoantšo ho penta ea sages tse fapa-fapaneng boholo-holo tsa Segerike, ba phetseng pele tsoalo ea Kreste (Socrates, Plato, Plutarch, Zeno, Ptolemy, Thucydides, Aristotle) le meqolo matsohong a bona, e leng e na le lipolelo tse haufi le mehopolo ea Bokreste. About penta ena ho na le liphetolelo tse ngata. Ho ea ka mong oa bona, le popontshwa ena Fedor Edikeeva. Ba bang ba lumela hore pele ho Russia metropolitans ne Bagerike ka tsoalo 'me o ile a hlompha sages hae o halalelang, e se Bakreste esita.

Shrine tsa Annunciation Cathedral

liemahale tse ngata li ne li bolokoa ka Cathedral of Annunciation ena. Setšoantšo sa Annunciation, ho rarest tsa mofuta hae iconographic e ne e entsoe ka lerako la tempele. E bonahatsoa ke ea ka neano linaheng tsa bochabela, ho ea ka tseo ba hlohonolofatsoa Virgin e ne e le Lengeloi le ka Sehloohong Gabriel Selibeng Nazaretha 'me a mo litaba tse molemo tseo a neng a na le Mopholosi.

Setšoantšo sa Mopholosi Mohau o ne a le vestibule tsa kerekeng e khōlō ea. Ho ea ka tšōmo ea batho ba tsoang ho eena phahame ka mong o ile a fumana thuso e babatsehang. Monna enoa, bohale navlekshy morena ka boeena o ne a ea ho rapela e ne e le a ho boela tsa tšebeletso, le tšoarelo. Ka mor'a moo, batho ba letetse mohau le litaba tse molemo, ba ile ba qala ho tla ho setšoantšo.

Ka 'na ka mona le Don letšoao la hlohonolofatsoa Virgin, eo ka mor'a Ntoa ea Kulikov e ne e hlahisoa ho Dmitry Donskoy. Ba hae o ile a hlohonolofatsa tsela ena, ho ea ka tšōmo, Sergiy Radonezhsky. E le ho hlompha letšoao la lekholo la bo17 la lilemo e ne e hahiloe Donskoy Monastery Moscow. O ile a hona joale ke ea Tretyakov Gallery.

The Cathedral le Kremlin chimes

Histori ea litloloko ka Kremlin hape qala ka Annunciation Cathedral. Moscow e ne e le oa pele oa ho fumana hore na ka bo-1404 nako e tobileng. Ebe Lazar Serbin, moitlami ea Athos, e lehong (khale) Cathedral of the Annunciation hlomamisa tora ea oache ntlo ea borena, e mong le hora a teraekile ba hamore ea tšoaea nako eo. Ka 1624, benghali ba Russia Shumilo le Zhdanov, le Hristofor Galovey (Lenyesemane) ka Spasskaya Tower hlomamisa mong'a oache naheng ya rona.

Ka 1917, ka November, ba Moscow Cathedral of the Annunciation ile senyehileng hampe nakong liqhomane. mathule lona e ile ea timetsoa ka ho khetla e. Ka mor'a ho fallela Moscow Bolshevik mohaho ona o 'muso e ile ea koaloa. Hona joale tšimong ea moo Annunciation Cathedral, musiamo e leng hona teng. E ka fihla ka ho Kremlin, ka leeto la. Ka linako tse ling, leha ho le joalo, a khanna tšebeletso, hobane sebaka se halalelang. Cathedral of the Annunciation la 7 April (1993) etela Mopatriareka oa Moscow le All Russia. letsatsi lena e keteka mokete oa Annunciation ena. Mopatriareka khanna tšebeletso mona.