Ditshebeletso Russia sephiri 'me a histori ea bona

Di hoo e ka bang kamehla o tla nne o meriti ea, empa ke mosebetsi o hlollang. Le mosebetsi ona o ka kotloloho itšetlehile ka qetello ea mmuso. Russia ditshebeletso khethehileng - seletsa ea matla, hammoho le mochochisi, lekhotla le ile la, lebotho la, e bontša leano la mmuso le emelang lithahasello tsa 'Muso. Kahoo ho ne ho lula le ho feletseng ka linaha tsohle.

History of ditshebeletso khethehileng tsoela, mohlomong, ba boholo-holo, matsatsing a ha Russia lihloela hiriloeng bakeng sa bona. Joale ho ile ha ba pele mekhatlo lefokisi, bohlale sesole. Ka tsela eo, ho logo logo logo logo 'mele ea tsona e ne e le' mankhane. Reports ba ka mafolofolo o ile a sebelisa bakeng sa ho etsa liqeto mabapi le liphutuho ka baahelani ba ea likhosana khale Russia, bakeng sa boitšoaro ba lintoa tsa ho hapa.
Ka molao, le Serussia ditshebeletso khethehileng li ne li tlalehiloe ka ea puso ea Tsar Alexis ka 1649. Hlokomela ka polokeho, o ne a ho bona hore tlaase-hlahile ho ea sebeletsa ofising ea hae. Ka 1654g. e ne e bitsoa ka odara lekunutu, e leng basebetsi ba na le matla a ho laela e khethehileng. Ka mor'a lefu la morena o ne a qhaloa, joalo ka isoa ho odara oa bonģosa. Hore hona joale e tlaleha feela ho morena, ba latela mesebetsi e le 'musisi, manģosa, mafapha a' muso a kopanela bohlale le litabeng tsa lipolotiki. Russia ditshebeletso khethehileng ne ebe ntse fokolang haholo, empa a nka mehato ea pele ea puso ntshetsopeleng, ba ne ba entse.

Ha liphetoho ea Petrose ke ho na le e ne e le mapolesa kamehla, Lekala Interior (oo ikokobelletsa ba ne ba ile ba fetang dibopeho nako mapolesa), 'me ke e le qalo ea lekholo la mashome a mabeli. Mapolesa arotswe gendarme, seterekeng, masepala le tshebetso-search.
libaka ba ne ba le motse-moholo le metseng e meholo, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, arotsoe ka motseng moo mapolesa a ne le mosebetsing. counties ba ne ba Mills le mapolesa ba. Metsaneng ea mesebetsi mapolesa etsoa balebeli motse. Ka 1903. e le hore ho tiisa seterekeng mapolesa balebeli mapolesa ileng ba bōptjoa, motheong tšepe Pere mapolesa diyuniti.

Lefapha mapolesa, hammoho le mesebetsi lefokisi lefapha etsoa dinyakisiso sebetsa.
The Gendarmerie ne a le matla ka ho fetisisa. Botseta tsa Gendarmes (motho, bōpiloe ka 1827.) Neng le mokhatlo oa sesole ka litsela tsohle (tsamaeang, ea moruo, tsamaiso) 'me a tlalehela ka ho toba ea Lekaleng la Tšireletso,' me ka 1880 karolo ea Lefapha la Litaba Tsa ka hare.

Fast pele ho lekholo la ea leshome le metso e robong. Mora oa October Phetohelo ea Russia lokela ho etsa bonnete ba tshireletso ya lithahasello tsa lona ho na le boitsebiso bo mabapi le sera sa ho le merero ea hae e le sephiri.
Ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho bopa ea tšebeletso ea ikemetseng tsa Cheka - OGPU, le 'mele oa diyuniti tsa KGB le sesole, le monyetla oa ho ba ikemetseng bohlale le counterintelligence mesebetsi ho etsa liqeto, empa pakane ka sehloohong e ne e le ho ea loantša mokhatlo stats-Revolutionary. Joale e ntan'o ba Russia ditshebeletso khethehileng makhetlo a 'maloa a fetola lebitso la lona. 1920. - ho Cheka tlasa RSFSR NKVD.

1941, February - ka kopanngoa ha makala tsa ditshebeletso le tshireletso hape NKVD arotswe Commissariats. E mong oa bona - ho Interior, bobeli - puso. tshireletso. Russia ditshebeletso tshireletso fumana boipuso.

. 1941, July - NKGB le NKVD kopanngoa ka e le 'ngoe, ho phethahetseng ka hohlehohle NKVD.

1943 - bōptjoa gu Counterintelligence "Smersh" 'me o tsoela ka tlas'a letsoho la Commissariat Batho ba.

Ka mor'a ntoa, ho na le leha ho le joalo e kopanngoa ha makala 'ngoe.
. 1946, March - bōptjoa MGB, mosebetsi oa hae - bohlale le counterintelligence. Bobeli ka hare ho naha le ka ntle, lefatšeng ka bophara.

. 1954, March - ho bōptjoa 'mele oa ntjha - KGB (bohlale, counterintelligence), e ile ea nka ho fihlela ho putlama ea USSR.

1991. - kopanngoa ha makala 'ngoe. KGB roba nyolohela ditshebeletso arohaneng: leliboho, boemo tšireletso, lipuisanong tsa 'muso, stats-bohlale, bohlale.

selemo se le seng pele ho kopanngoa ha makala tsa Soviet Union a kena Interpol. Ka September 1993, Russia, e le mohlahlami oa kena palo ea ICPO-Interpol.
Likhoeli tse seng kae NCBs ho fumana phihlelo, atlholang e le baka ditshebeletso Russia khethehileng tse teng kajeno.