Lehae le Lelapa, Bana
Boima ba 'mele le bophahamo ba bana: tafole ea WHO. Mathala a lilemo tsa khōlo e tloaelehileng le boima ba bana
Kamohelo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho ngaka ea bana likhoeling tse 12 tsa bophelo ba ngoana e fela ka tekanyo e hlokahalang ea bolelele le boima ba 'mele. Haeba lipontšo tsena li le meeling ea tloaelo, joale re ka re ngoana o ntlafalitsoe hantle nameng. Ho finyella sena, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo, haufinyane WHO, o qapile tafole ea lilemo bakeng sa tekanyo ea khōlo le boima ba bana bao lingaka tsa bana li li sebelisang ha ho hlahlojoa bophelo bo botle ba masea.
Lintho tse amang kgolo le boima ba bana. Melao ea WHO
Bo-rasaense ba tsoang lefats'eng lohle ba ithuta ka mafolofolo lintlha tse amanang le kholo le boima ba batho. Ho ea ka lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao, bo-rasaense ba fihletse qeto ea hore litekanyetso tsa boima, hammoho le litekanyetso tsa ho hōla ha bana ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse hlano, ha li itšetlehe feela ka lefutso la liphatsa tsa lefutso, empa le boleng ba bophelo, maemo a leholimo, mofuta oa ho fepa lilemong tse peli tsa pele tsa bophelo. Ka hona, bana ba fumanoang motsoako oa maiketsetso e le lijo tsa bona tse ka sehloohong ba boima ho feta ba nang le matsoele.
Ho hlahloba hore na WHO e qeta "ho hōla, boima ba bana ho fihlela selemo", e ngotsoe lilemong tse fetang 20 tse fetileng, bo-rasaense ba hlokometse hore litekanyetso li beboa ke 16-20%. Sena se ka bakoa ke hore lilemong tsa bo-1990, phepo ea maiketsetso e ne e le mofuta o tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa oa phepo bakeng sa bana ba tlase ho selemo. Mehleng ea kajeno, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea bo-'mè e khetha ho fepa makhasi a bona ka tlhaho. Litekanyetso tsa mekhoa e metle, ho latela litsebi tsa WHO, li kenya letsoho litlhahiso tse se nang motheo tsa lingaka tsa bana ka ho fepa masea a eketsehileng, e leng se ka lebisang phetohong e feletseng ho fepa ka maiketsetso, hammoho le ho overfeeding 'me, ka lebaka leo, botenya. Ho ea ka WHO, mekhoa ea ho hlahloba kholo ea bana le boima ba bona e khaolitse ho ba 'nete. Ka hona, ka 2006, ho ile ha etsoa liphetoho 'me ho ne ho etsoa litafole tse ncha tse neng li loketse ho hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea bana ba kajeno.
Boima ba 'mele le bophahamo ba bana. WHO Table (likhoeli tse 0-12)
Tafole ea WHO e nkoa e le "e ntle" ka lebaka la hore mekhahlelo eohle ea eona e hlahlojoa e le "bohareng", "tlaase" / "phahameng", "ka tlase karolelano" / "ka holimo ho karolelano". Ka lebaka la khetho ena, ho bonolo ho tseba hore na ngoana o lumellana le mekhoa ea tsoelo-pele ea nama ho latela lilemo tsa hae.
| Lilemo (likhoeli) | E tlaase haholo | E tlaase | Ka tlase karolelano | Bohareng | Ka holimo ho karolelano | E phahameng |
| Ngoana ea sa tsoa hlaha (ho tloha likhoeli tse 0 ho isa ho tse 3) | 48-56 | 49-57 | 50-58 | 53-62 | 54-64 | 55-67 |
| Ho tloha likhoeling tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6. | 58-63 | 59-64 | 61-65 | 65-70 | 67-71 | 68-72 |
| Ho tloha likhoeli tse 7 ho isa ho tse 9. | 65-68 | 66-69 | 67-70 | 71-74 | 73-75 | 73-77 |
| Ho tloha likhoeling tse 10 ho ea ho tse 12. | 69-71 | 70-72 | 71-74 | 76-78 | 77-80 | 79-81 |
Tafole bakeng sa ho hōla le boima ba ngoana ho ea ho selemo, ho ea ka WHO, e ntle haholo ho hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea bana bao ka bobeli ba ntseng ba fuoa matsoele le ho fepa ka maiketsetso. Leha ho le joalo, ho lokela ho hopoloa hore ngoana e mong le e mong o sa tloaeleha 'me o tsoela pele ho ea ka moralo oa oona o ka hare. Ka lebaka leo, ho kheloha ho tloha ho mekhahlelo e tloaelehileng ho ke ke ha nkoa e le ho kula. Ha ho hlahlojoa "tloaelo", ho phaella tabeng ea ho hlahloba bophahamo le boima ba 'mele, ho hlokahala ho kenyeletsa karolelano ea bona, hammoho le keketseho ea khoeli le khoeli le mokhoa oa bophelo.
Boemo ba kgolo le boima ba litekanyo
Kapele ka mor'a hore a tsoaloe, boima le bophahamo ba bana li lekantsoe ka ho feletseng . Tafole ea WHO ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ngaka ea bana ha e etsa litekanyetso tsa mantlha tsa tlhahlobo ea ntshetsopele. Ho phaella bophahamong le boima ba 'mele, sekhetho sa sefuba le hlooho se lekanyetsoa. Ka mantsoe a mang, lingaka li hlahloba ho lekanya ha 'mele oa lesea, ka lebaka leo, bophelo ba hae bo botle. Ka mohlala, lesea le sa tsoa tsoaloa le boima ba lik'hilograma tse peli le halofo, le bophahamo ba lona ka nako e ts'oanang 54 cm. Ngoana ea joalo o na le khaello ea boima ba 'mele. Haeba u sa etse tlhahlobo ea nako e nepahetseng 'me u se ke ua fana ka phekolo e nepahetseng, joale ngoana ea joalo a ka shoa.
Haeba u lekanya boima le bophahamo ba bana, tafoleng ea WHO e thusa ho hlahloba boemo ba bophelo bo botle. Ha boima ba lesea le sa tsoa hlaha bo kenngoa lethathamong la tafole "ka karolelano", ka mohlala, ligrama tse 3220, 'me kgolo e 53 cm, e hakanngoa hore ke palo e tloaelehileng tafoleng, karolelano ena e loketse.
Eketsa khōlong
Likhoeli tse tšeletseng tsa pele tsa lesea li nkoa e le nako e matla ka ho fetisisa ea tsoelo-pele. Ngoana o ntse a hōla ka ho qhomela. Ha ho makatse hore ka mohlala, likhoeling tsa lehlabula, ha ngoana a amohela tekanyo e hlokahalang ea vithamine D, keketseho ea khōlo e tla ba khōlō ho feta mariha. Hape, ho na le maikutlo a hore bana ba hōla ka potlako nakong ea boroko.
Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea kakaretso ea kgolo, phaello ea boima e nkoa e loketse. Ho tloha ho sena, lits'ebetso tse latelang li atisa ho sebelisoa ho tloaelehileng:
- Nako ea masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa (likhoeli tse tharo tse qalang) ke keketseho ea lisenthimithara tse 3-4 ho ea pele ho kgolo. Ka mohlala, haeba ngoana a hlahile ka 50 cm, ka mor'a likhoeli tse tharo kgolo ea eona e tla ba hoo e ka bang 53 cm.
- Ho tloha likhoeli tse tharo ho ea ho likhoeli tse tšeletseng: keketseho e tloaelehileng e fapana ka hare ho 2-3 cm.
- Ho tloha likhoeli tse tšeletseng ho ea ho likhoeli tse robong ngoana o hōla ka limilimithara tse 4-6, a phaella ka karolelano ea likhato tse peli ho isa ho tse peli ka khoeli.
- Nakong ea selemo ngoana o eketsa bophahamo ba hae ka tse ling tse 3 cm.
Hoa etsahala hore ka mor'a likhoeli tse fetang 12 ngoana o eketsa kholo ea hae ka karolelano ea lisenthimithara tse 20.
Phaello ea mafura
Mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ngoana ea sa tsoa tsoaloa (hang hang ka mor'a tsoalo) o fapana pakeng tsa 2500 le 4500 grams. Ho latela WHO, khoeli le khoeli lesea le lokela ho eketsa bonyane ligrama tse 400. Ka hona, ka halofo ea lilemo ngoana o atisa boima ba hae ba pele. Likhoeling tse latelang, keketseho ea bonyane e lokela ho ba bonyane dikgerama tse 150. Leha ho le joalo, ha u hlahloba tekanyo ea boima ba 'mele, ho hlokahala hore u hahe boima ba' mele ba lesea la pele. Ka mohlala, keketseho e ka 'na ea fokotseha ho feta e tloaelehileng, hafeela ngoana a hlaha a le moholo (ka holimo ho lik'hilograma tse 4), kapa ka tsela e fapaneng, kaha bana ba banyenyane ba boima ka likhoeli tse latelang ka matla.
Boima le boima ba bashanyana
Ho phaella lintlheng tse hlalositsoeng ka holimo, tse feletseng tse thusang ho tseba hore na li tloaelehile, ho boetse hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko boitsebiso ba bong bo susumetsang boima ba 'mele le kholo ea bana. Tafole ea WHO e ka bontša bophahamo ba bophahamo le litekanyo tsa boima bakeng sa bana ba bong bo fapaneng, le lipontšo tse tobileng tsa bashanyana le banana. Ho lumeloa hore bashemane, ho fapana le banana, ba hola ka potlako mme ba nona boima ka matla, ka lebaka leo ho hlokahala hore ho hlahlojoe tsoelo-pele ea bona ho latela litafole tse tšoanang.
| Lilemo | Boima ba 'mele, kg (g) | Boima, cm |
| Hoo e ka bang likhoeli. | 3.5 (± 450) | 50 (± 1) |
| Khoeli e le 'ngoe | 4.3 (± 640) | 54 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse peli | 5.2 (± 760) | 57 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 3 | 6.1 (± 725) | 61 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 4 | 6.8 (± 745) | 63 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 5 | 7.6 (± 800) | 66 (± 1) |
| Likhoeli tse 6 | 8.7 (± 780) | 67 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 7 | 8.7 (± 110) | 69 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 8 | 9.4 (± 980) | 71 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 9 | 9.8 (± 1.1) | 72 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 10 | 10.3 (± 1.2) | 73 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 11 | 10.4 (± 980) | 74 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 12 | 10.4 (± 1.2) | 75 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 18 | 11.8 (± 1.1) | 81 (± 3) |
| Likhoeli tse 21 | 12.6 (± 1.4) | 84 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 24 | 13 (± 1.2) | 88 (± 3) |
| Likhoeli tse 30 | 13.9 (± 1.1) | 81 (± 3) |
| Lilemo tse 3 | 15 (± 1.6) | 95 (± 3) |
| Lilemo tse 4 | 18 (± 2.1) | 102 (± 4) |
| Lilemo tse 5 | 20 (± 3.02) | 110 (± 5) |
| Ke lilemo li 6 | 21 (± 3.2) | 115 (± 5) |
| Ke lilemo li 8 | 27.7 (± 4.7) | 129 (± 5) |
| Ke lilemo li 9 | 30.4 (± 5.8) | 134 (± 6) |
| Lilemo tse 10 | 33.7 (± 5.2) | 140 (± 5) |
| Ke lilemo li 11 | 35.4 (± 6.6) | 143 (± 5) |
| Lilemo tse 12 | 41 (± 7.4) | 150 (± 6) |
| Ke lilemo li 13 | 45.8 (± 8.2) | 156 (± 8) |
Boima le boima ba banana
Ho hlalosa boemo ba 'mele ba tsoelo-pele ea banana, ho na le khetho e fapaneng ea WHO "tahi, kholo ea banana". Ho lumeloa hore banana ba hōla ka karolelano ho fihlela lilemo tse 18, ho fapana le bashanyana, bao khōlo ea bona e sa emeng ho fihlela lilemo tse 22. Ho phaella moo, ha a le lilemo li 10-12, banana ba hōla ka potlako ho feta bashanyana. Khōlo le litekanyo tsa boima ba tafoleng li arohane. Ka hona, ha re hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea banana, ha rea lokela ho lebala ka litšobotsi tsa batho ka bomong.
| Lilemo | Boima ba 'mele, kg (g) | Boima, cm |
| Likhoeli tse 0 | 3.2 (± 440) | 49 (± 1) |
| Khoeli e le 'ngoe | 4.1 (± 544) | 53 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse peli | 5 (± 560) | 56 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 3 | 6 (± 580) | 60 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 4 | 6.5 (± 795) | 62 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 5 | 7.3 (± 960) | 63 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 6 | 7.9 (± 925) | 66, (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 7 | 8.2 (± 950) | 67 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 8 | 8.2 (± 1.1) | 69 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 9 | 9.1 (± 1.1) | 70 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 10 | 9.3 (± 1.3) | 72 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 11 | 9.8 (± 800) | 73 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 12 | 10.2 (± 1.1) | 74 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 18 | 11.3 (± 1.1) | 80 (± 2) |
| Likhoeli tse 21 | 12.2 (± 1.3) | 83 (± 3) |
| Likhoeli tse 24 | 12.6 (± 1.7) | 86 (± 3) |
| Likhoeli tse 30 | 13.8 (± 1.6) | 91 (± 4) |
| Lilemo tse 3 | 14.8 (± 1.5) | 97 (± 3) |
| Lilemo tse 4 | 16 (± 2.3) | 100 (± 5) |
| Lilemo tse 5 | 18.4 (± 2.4) | 109 (± 4) |
| Ke lilemo li 6 | 21.3 (± 3.1) | 115 (± 4) |
| Ke lilemo li 8 | 27.4 (± 4.9) | 129 (± 5) |
| Ke lilemo li 9 | 31 (± 5.9) | 136 (± 6) |
| Lilemo tse 10 | 34.2 (± 6.4) | 140 (± 6) |
| Ke lilemo li 11 | 37.4 (± 7.1) | 144 (± 7) |
| Lilemo tse 12 | 44 (± 7.4) | 152 (± 7) |
| Ke lilemo li 13 | 48.7 (± 9.1) | 156 (± 6) |
Setšoantšo sa ho hōla le boima ba bashanyana
Ke habohlokoa hore batsoali ba shebe boima ba bona le bophahamo ba bona. Chate le WHO li tla thusa bo-'mè le bo-ntate ba lerato hore ba utloisise hore na ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nepahetse le ngoana oa bona. Haeba tafole e fane ka boitsebiso bo khethehileng bo tloaelehileng bakeng sa lilemo tse itseng, graph e thusa ho bona ka ho hlaka mokhoa ohle oa tsoelo-pele.
Setšoantšo sa boima ba bashanyana (ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 5)
Chate ea khōlo ea moshanyana (ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 5)
Sehlopha sa kgolo le boima ba banana
Bakeng sa banana, ho hlokahala hore u sebelise kgolo e fapaneng le chate ea boima. Lihlopha tse latelang li hlalosa litefiso tsa banana ba ka tlaase ho lilemo tse 5.
Setšoantšo sa boima ba ngoanana (ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 5)
Setšoantšo sa ho hōla ha banana (ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 5)
Joalokaha u se u ntse u utloisisa, batsoali ba tlameha ho lekanya boima ba 'mele le bophahamo ba bana. Tafole ea WHO ka potso ena e tla thusa ho fumana hore na lits'ebetso tse fumanoang li tloaelehile. Leha ho le joalo, u se ke ua halefa ha u hlokomela hore bophahamo kapa mohlomong boima ba ngoana oa hao bo tlaase kapa bo le boemong bo phahameng. Ntho e ka sehloohong ke hore boima ba lesea la hao bo lumellana le kholo ea eona, empa lits'oants'o ha lia lokela ho theoha haholo kapa tse phahameng.
Similar articles
Trending Now