Reserve Voronezh. Voronezh State Biosphere Reserve

Tourist tsela Voronezh selemo le selemo hohela likete batsamai. 'Me sena ke se na kotsi. Mehloli Voronezh sebakeng - sebaka seo ho sona tlhaho e bolokoa li le boemong bo ka bang hloekileng. libaka tsena bohehang hloko lebeloa ha feela ke 'muso oa Russia, empa hape ke ba bang mekhatlo ea machaba. E mong oa libaka tsena ke "Divnogorie". pokello ena e na le e ikhethang landschap tlhaho. Ho e teng ka confluence ea Nōka Don le Thekiso Pine. Sena musiamo-pokello selemo le selemo hohela batho ba ratang lintho tsa tlhaho ba bo hloekileng moea, a hloekileng. Sebakeng sena se ikhethang e na le liemahale tse fapa-fapaneng meralo. Joalo, le mona ke a Halalelang Dormition baitlami rarahaneng, eo ka linako tse sa tšoaneng lokiselitsoe marobalo sebakeng sa phomolo, ka letsatsi la phomolo lapeng, le hoja qalong ho ne ho sa baitlami. E mong letheba ratoang e nkoa e le Voronezh State Forest. Morui naha ena unspoiled le seo baahi ba sona ba lule ho, ithute ho eketsehileng ho tloha sehlooho se reng.

History of motheo

Voronezh Biosphere Reserve e teng 40 km le ho tloha bohareng ba toropo. Ho ileng ba bōptjoa e le hore ho boloka palo ea otters noka. Ka lebaka la tlhokomelo e nakong ea mefuta ena e sa feela ha nyamela, empa hape o moholo eketseha baahi ba eona. Ka tsela eo, le tsamaiso ea oona tsa tlhaho ke lefatše feela Beaver ho hlokomela mafahla. Qetellong ea XX lekholong la lilemo la sehalalelo amohela maemo a biosphere pokello ke UNESCO. Qalong ea lekholo la hlahlamang, Lekala la Natural Resources e mo laela hore a lebele mehloli papali tse peli. E ne e le "Stone steppe" le "Voronezh".

meeli ea sebaka

Voronezh Biosphere Reserve ka mahlakoreng a mararo o lokolisa sebaka sa khale Usman boron. Natural rarahaneng e teng ka ka sebakeng seo a bataletseng ho le letšehali banka tsa nōka. Ho tloha ka bophirimela moeling oa pokello bakeng sa 5 km matha e tšoanang le ho bethe ea ha metsi a phallang. Ka lehlakoreng le ka boroa ho matha hammoho seporo. Ka tsela eo, feela km tse seng kae ho tloha seteisheneng, "Count", eo e teng ka karolong ena ea tsela, ke bohareng Manor tsa pokello. Ho tsepamisa maikutlo Excursion le taolo rarahaneng, Beaver hlokomela mafahla tsa liteko tlhaho le ho etsa lipatlisiso dilaboratiriamong. Ho phaella moo, mona o ka etela tummeng Musiamo oa Nature.

matamo

Ka naha ea rarahaneng tsa tlhaho ke Voronezh River le Usmanka. Pele, haholo tebileng, ha metsi a phallang e teng motseng oa Ramon. Nōka ea bobeli ke tributary tsa Voronezh le na le letoto la matša oblong - fihla. lintho tsena li ya kokangana haufi le melapo e moqotetsane tloha backwater mokhoabo le le mabopo a leoatle. Usmanki tseleng haholo matha hammoho morung. Ka lilemo tse ommeng, le ducts ba sa tebang haholo linōka.

leruo tsa tlhaho

Hoo e ka bang sebaka kaofela, e leng pokello Voronezh, Usman moru sekoahelo, meru tse sa tlhaku insular. Ho phaella moo, ho na le baemedi ba limela le steppe le dimela tse meru haholo-holo karolong e ka leboea. Lebitso "boron" ha se hlile o sebetsang ho drive ena tlhaho. Leha ho le joalo mona 'me le le hlaha haholo-holo ka phaene, empa ea liphallelo e tsoakane, ho heterogeneity tsa mobu, e fapaneng tlase ho lefatshe botebo pholosang ile sa etsa hore mefuta e fapaneng ea bohlokoa ka ho limela. Haholo susumetsoa ke monna eo. Ka lebaka leo, kajeno pinewood o fete le mong karolo ea boraro ea sebakeng pokello. Tellingly, karolong e ka bophirimela ea rarahaneng ea tlhaho ea phaene tse sa tloaelehang bakeng sa boholo ena bakang. Ke hore, lifate u se ke ua ba le "sekepe" pharalla, le likutu tsa bona ka matla kobehileng. Joalo liponahatso tsa tlhaho tse amanang le mongobo phepelo e fokolang ya tsa libaka tsena 'me, ka lebaka leo, phepo e nepahetseng mafutsana.

Tšimong eo moo Voronezh Biosphere Reserve, ho itšetlehile ka mongobo mobu haufi le the oak le ka hōla Rowan, lefielo le ciliegia steppe. Litlama sekoahelo sa eona e na le eo ho thoeng ke ea limela kafasa. Sena Carex Ericetorum le palmate, hairy hawkweed, Veronica o moputsoa le tse ling. Hoo e ka bang kaofela ha sekoahelo mobu oa tlhaho e rarahaneng boriba le boriba. 29% ya e rarahaneng tsa tlhaho lula merung deciduous. Di haholo teng ka matsoapo a e tlisitseng Voronezh - Usmanka. Hape, libōpeho tsena tsa tlhaho e ka fumanoa karolong e ka bochabela, le seo moeling oa steppe le. Ena sebakeng moru tloaelehile hore batho ba eike meru sedge, sedge le cheremuho- snytevye. Ka le litekanyetso ea pele ea drive ya deciduous busitse haholo fihlileng lilemong tse lekholo (dieike ho fihlela ho lilemo tse ka bang 160). Har'a bona ho na le boetse ho na le molora. Ea bobeli, ho phaella ho mefuta tsena, hola Elm le Linden. undergrowth A etsahala haholo-holo Euonymus, Hazel le cherries. pokello mobu broadleaf moru koahela hairy sedge, goutweed, lungwort le litlama tse ling. Ho phaella tabeng ea phaene le the oak meru, e rarahaneng ea tlhaho ea Voronezh tloaelehile hore batho ba birch le Aspen meru. Hape, hoo e ka bang 2,5% tsa sebakeng seo li emetseng mokhoabong sebaka.

limela metsi

Ea lehlabula nako sepakapakeng sa matangoana pokello koahela sexton likhahla tsa metsi le limpa tse kholo vodokras. melapo le melatswana la nōka ea Ivnitsa libakeng bbbelal haufi ka fumanoa showy haholo semela - ts'oara ka letsohong, mpshe ts'oara ka letsohong. Hape ka sebaka seo ho lula ea Reserve Voronezh, lzhekamysh tlwaelehileng e ntse e hōla. Ho ea ka botanists ba bangata, semela sena ke relic tsa nako poso-glacial. mohlolo ona oa tlhaho li ka fumanoa feela sebakeng se le seng sa pokello ea - haufi le letša hloeka.

lefatše phoofolo

The liphoofolo tsa pokello ea ke hangata mefuta moru. Palo ea hoofed likolobe-moru advantageously abelwa ho theha likolone bo morung deciduous. Palo ya Roe e boetse ke haholo phahameng. habitats bona ba libaka tse nang overgrown lifate kapa lihlahla. Hase feela hore Elk, baemeli ba libaka taiga, 'me khama e khubelu. Ntlha phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya kgolo ya palo ea bona oela ho bo-1970. Ebe palo ea bona e ile ea fihla batho ba 1200. Empa ho ne ho liphiri tse ka morung hoo e ka bang ka felisa ea likhama mohlape. Hona joale, ho na le e feela tse seng kae dozen. Ho tloaelehile hore batho ka lebaka la ho raccoon ntja le phokojoe.

Beaver, ka lebaka leo o ile a qala teng Reserve Voronezh, a lutse hamonate ka matamo fapaneng. O ile a ho a sebetsang a ka ho haha matamo le cheka mekoti e tebileng. Ka maralla meru deciduous ke lipela "metse e". Ka mekoting ea phethahetseng, amanang ke tsamaiso ea susumeletsa rarahaneng, liphoofolo tsena li phela bakeng sa lilemo tse leshome tse fetang bonngoe. Tloaelehile pokello e ke stoat, mongoose le marten. matangoana haufi stalking American lona phofu mink. Kahoo e nkeloa sebaka lona European "motsoala" ka thirties ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. Litoeba leo ho ahiloeng ho sehlekehleke sohle meru steppe. Habitat bakeng dormice ke lekunutu dieike moru. Ho na le tse fetang protheine. Ka Razdolnaya masabasabeng a phele ka jerboa le tse thobosha fatše lent, empa palo ea bona e oele ka tsela e hlollang ho theosa le lilemo. Likoting tsa lifate tsa khale fana ka matlo bakeng sa mefuta e fapaneng ya mefuta e (ya eo ho eona ho na le 12) bo-'mankhane. Popular sootho telele-eared mankhane, bo-'mankhane (moru le dwarf). Tse ling tsa mefuta ena ea liphoofolo tse anyesang li fapana ka maqhubu a le kabo e fokolang.

linonyana

137 mefuta e meng ea linonyana ahileng Voronezh Reserve. Tse Ipabolang Tsa the oak 'me meru e tsoakiloeng tse passerines, e ileng ea hoo e ka bang halofo ea palo ea mefuta eohle ea linonyana. Metsi makhulo, overgrown le lihlahla, ka floodplains rarolla Bluethroat le tse mebala-bala "foreskoto" le citrine wagtail. Shore roba metsi khetha ka Kingfisher bolulo ba tloaelehileng. Ena e nyenyane, empa dexterous diver ea litlhapi ka khetholloa ho tloha linonyana tse ling tse ka letsoele khubelu, 'me' mala o moputsoa-tala khutla. Shrike, Shrike khetha clearings le lihlahla. Mona o ka kopana le greenfinch le masiba tala le sitisa ho tsoela pele warbler. Na lebitso la pele la nonyana le e fumaneng bakeng sa tšoana lona ho Hawk ka. Yellow mahlo le khanya ea matsoele le speckles lefifi ke tsoana haholo le liphoofolo tse li jang ena. cranes Gray kgethile ho undergrowth bona bolulo alder tlaase ho linoka. palo ea lipara tsa lula ho na le fapana ho ea 6 ho ea ho 15. River Ivnitsa ka sireletsa ka kolone e khōlō ea linonyana tsena (150 BP). Libakeng mokhoabong di theohela tlase bittern, ha feela e nyenyane khetha matamo steppe. Tšoeu mokotatsie - e mong oa linonyana graceful le e ntle - sa tsoa feta, Viet sehlaheng mona. Nyenyane toadstool, e mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea linonyana e ka bonoa ka pond moru, 'me ka steppe le - ho feta kapa sataletseng. Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea waders ba khethile e le sebaka sa bona sa bolulo o mabōpong a linōka le melapo.

linonyana tsa phofu

Liphoofolo hakanngoa mefuta bona lesometlhano. Hammoho le baemeli ba tloaelehileng ho sehlopha bohareng phela exemplar mona ka seoelo. Re bua ka noha ntsu, ntsu-dwarf, mahe a linotši buzzard, bona ntsu, moemphera ntsu, ntsu, e tšoeu-gelada lintsu. linonyana e Tloaelehileng kang tawny sephooko, nako e telele-eared le khutšoanyane eared sephooko. Ea bobeli baka le makhulo seka-bokolone mofuta oa ho fedisa. Hoetla le selemo ho Voronezh Reserve, bao lifoto ka bonoa sehloohong se, 'me ho tloha 39 mefuta e meng ea linonyana fallela. Ba bang ba emisa ho na le ka mehlape ea baloang batho ba makholo a 'maloa. Nakong ea selemo ka rooks ena, 'me ka hoetla matsatsi a - the likhantši (tšoeu-greylag le Bean).

lihahabi

Ka metsi a tebileng leo ho ahiloeng ho ke Marsh likolopata. Ba ne ba ha e le ho hongata haholo, hobane libaka tse seng kae tse loketseng bakeng sa litleneng tsa mahe. Ho ne ho nahanoa hore tlhapi ke lijo tsa sehlooho tsa mofuta ona wa sehahabi. Ka lebaka leo, sekolopata sena se khona ho ne ho nkoa e kotsi bakeng sa ho indasteri e metsi. Empa ha e le hantle, ho fepa ka libōkō, likokoanyana le larvae ea bona, tadpoles, newts, tlhapi e nyenyane, dipina, kapa mefuta e fapaneng ya litsie. Tsamaiso ea tlholeho ea sekolopata le nka sebaka sa mofuta oa tsamaiso ea likhoerekhoere le ho selector, tlosa likokoanyana kula kapa shoele.

amphibia

Boo hangata u ka fumana Newt boreleli. Ho na le mefuta e mehlano ea lihoho. The atileng ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - the Frog tloaelehileng. E ile ea rehelloa ka tsela eo ke monyetla. Phelang haufi le metsi, ea bohlooho ena khanya le sootho matheba digogwane lokolloang tšoelesa ka monko, joaloka monko oa konofolo. Ka thuso ea maoto le khama e tšehali o deftly patoa mobung boemong hoo e ka bang paatsepama. Felloa kotsi, a ka 'na kopana sefahleho sa hae ho tobana le tsona. Inflating, emitting temosong ea utloahala digogwane hlooho otla sera.

tlhapi

Mefuta e fapaneng ya mefuta e ka ba motlotlo ka nōka Voronezh. Ho ruileng baemeli ba bobeli kgolo ya matamo lefatše phoofolo (Pike, burbot, bagre) hammoho le mahareng le tse nyenyane. E mong oa bona ke poho-tsutsik. Jwalo lebitso qabola e itseng ea kolotang ponahalo ea lona. O molelele o methapo linkong tsa hae, joaloka litsebe tsa ka spaniel e, leketlileng holimo Molomo holimo. Ponahalo le tsela ikhethang ho fallela tlas'a metsi, joalokaha eka sniffing hang - tsena ke mabaka a ka sehloohong na ke hobane'ng ha litlhapi ile ka fumana lebitso la qabola.