Phaphametseng dinosauri: mefuta e, tlhaloso, hlahang ho yona

Ho latela paleontologists ea kajeno, senatla lihahabi ea boholo-holo o ile a qala ho hlahloba karolo ea metsi qetellong ea nako Permian ea bophelo ba hae mona lefatšeng. Bo-rasaense ba bolela hore ba lihahabi ea boholo-holo ho pholletsa le bophelo ba hae kamehla ile a khutla ka metsing. The le lebaka la seo - le ho hongata haholo ea lijo tse ka tlas'a metsi le, ya e le hantle, ho sireletseha.

Maoatle le maoatleng

Makatsang ke hore bophelong ho maoatle le maoatleng ha a batla ho tloha lihahabi ea boholo-holo e le tsosoloso ea bohlokoa ea 'mele: e mong o na le feela ho hopola lihahabi morao-rao hore ho phela ka metsing, empa le haholo sebopeho naha. Ka mohlala, e likoena kapa iguana metsing.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore mokhatlo le matleng a dinosauri ka metsing - ho e ditjeo eneji, le ikarabella bakeng sa feela kotara ea litšenyehelo hlokahalang bakeng sa mokhatlo oa bona le ho fepa ka ho toba ka naha! Haholo-holo habonolo khutlela metsi e le bitsoa khale dinosauri - bafu qetellong ka ho iphetola ha lintho. Empa e le hore taba e 'ngoe.

Pele fofang dinosauri - bao ba?

Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore ea pele ea 'nete ea metsi mefuta ea dinosauri nile Permian Mesosaur emetseng anapsid sehlotshwana. Se ka mor'a bona ka metsing a khutlela baemeli ba seo ho thoeng ke ea khale Diapsid: tangozavry, hovazavrusy le klaudiozavry.

Kaofela ha bona e ne e le ea ka taelo eozuhy le fihla e-ba bolelele ea cm, 50 feela. Ke feela ka bohareng ba nako Triassic, dinosaur tse fofang "hōlileng ka" limithara tse ho fihlela ho tse peli ka nako e telele, ho retelehela a qetella a ka lihahabi tebileng 'me esita le kotsi.

Kwa ba tšoana le kajeno newts ho tswa ho sehlopha sa sehahabi: metsi eozuhii ne a ena le mohatla telele, pantshisi-tse ka mahlakoreng le Crest feta morao ka 'mele o e. The Triassic ka lefatše ho na le tse sa feteng 5 metsi lihahabi lihlopha. E mong oa bona re sa tsoa e tšohla - ke metsi eozuhii. A re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng, le mefuta e meng ea li-dinosaur tse fofang.

placodont

Kwa, lihahabi tsena tšoana tse nyenyane nako e telele-gelada tiiso. bolelele bona e ne e le ka tlase ho 1.5 m. Placodont streamlined mele le ne le sebopeho leakage radiation. Head nyenyane, maoto a makhutšoanyane. Mekhoa sesa dinosauri bao e leng placodont sehlopha o ne a sa fapana tse fapa-fapaneng e khethehileng: lihahabi feela ho otlolla hammoho 'mele oa hae sa phutholoha maoto khutšoanyane' me sa fumanoa joaloka torpedoes hanyane.

Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, 'nete ka ho feletseng ka dinosauri-placodont ba bangata lihahabi tse ling tsa metsing, ea ipatileng lefifing' me ba le sephiri. Bo-rasaense ba na le tšekamelo ea ho lumela hore ena - litloholo tsa ba bang anapsid boholo-holo. Leha ho le joalo, e leng lilemo placodont ne lekgutshwanyane - libōpuoa tsena simolohile tšimoloho ea Triassic, empa ke ho fela timele ka ho feletseng.

nothosaurus

Ena ke e 'ngoe ho feta tse fofang tse dinosauri e neng e lula ka Triassic mehla. boholo ba tsona a fihla 4 limithara ka bolelele, empa boholo ba bona ba ntse ba haholo ka tlaase ho moo. lihahabi Carnivorous na le 'mele oa streamlined, مختصر mohatla, le molaleng ho ena le tenyetsehang, lekana le bolelele ba' mele ea bona.

Ba ne ba le hlooho e nyane ka molomo hlometseng ka meno le nchocho. Tsena a bōpa ba ile ba fallela ka metsing ka mekhatlo repetitive mohatla generating lebotho khanna, hammoho le ka maoto a sona webbed.

Nothosaurus haeba hlokahala, ba ne ba habonolo hloa lebōpong la leoatle le basking letsatsi. Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore libatana ne Crossopterygii mefuta ea boholo-holo ea litlhapi. Hoa thahasellisa hore ka halofo ea bobeli ea nako Triassic, libōpuoa tsena ke bōpile ea lekala arohaneng tsa libatana joale tsebahalang tsa metsing - plesiosaurs. Ba Itlhahisa ka nothosaurus foqohe ho ea qetellong ea le Triassic.

Tallatozavry

Baemeli ba sehlopha sena tšoana nothosaurus holimo, feela molaleng e ne e le khutšoanyane le e kholoanyane hlooho. Mekhoa sesa dinosauri tsa sehlopha sena ke ke bitsoa buka e ikhethang: ha ba sebelisoa ho soka sekepe ka paws hae, 'me feela hula bona hammoho' mele e le placodont.

Bo-rasaense ba na le tšekamelo ea ho lumela hore ho 'nile ha libōpuoa tsena tsa ho tloha ba bang ba anapsid boholo-holo le ea khale, esita le ba baholo ho feta e boletsoeng pejana metsi eozuhii. Ba ile ba shoa ka ntle ho ea qetellong ea le Triassic, ka nothosaurus. Ha ho litloholo tsa ka mor'a hae ba setseng.

ichthyosaurs

Sehlopha sena bobeli, e neng e emeloa ke tummeng ka ho fetisisa tsohle ka lebaka la lefatše fofang dinosauri - ichthyosaurs. Ichthyosaurs molemo ho feta li-dinosaur tse ling leha e le efe li ne li ikamahanya le maemo bophelong le ho phela ka maoatle le maoatleng. E o tsejoa hore tsena tse jang - Diapsid litloholo, 'me seo hantle - ke sa tsejoeng. Ichthyosaurs hlaha ka nako Permian, le hoja mesaletsa e moholo ea lihahabi tsena tse ngotsoeng ka tlaase Triassic nako.

Kwa ichthyosaurs phetang sebopeho sa tlhapi kajeno. hlooho bona kgutlotharo le mehlahare le otlolohileng tšoana dolphin hlooho. Pantshisi-tse laterally mele paatsepama lehare mohatla le paws fetoha mapheoana, ea etsang hore ba fapane le pele ho tsohle metsi a eona.

Giant phaphametseng har'a dinosauri

Bolela mo liopleurodon. Ho ke kholo ka ho fetisisa tse jang tsa metsing ea nako tsohle, ke mefuta e ho fetisisa o ile a ithuta. litekanyo tsa lona li ntse li bua ka taba ea banna ba saense qaka ena. litsebi tse ngata, liopleurodon ka bolelele ka fihla limithara tse 25 le boima - ho fihlela ho lithane tse 150! Ho ea ka ba bang, ho ke liphoofolo tse li jang kholo ka ho fetisisa e kileng ea tsoela pele ho phela Lefatšeng. Ka tsela eo, o ile a kena ho ba se ho boletsoe, le plesiosaurs lula nako Jurassic.