Paraka ea Sechaba "Nechkinsky": tlhaloso, likarolo, linnete tse thahasellisang, liphoofolo le liphoofolo

National Park "Nechkinsky" ke setsi sa tikoloho, tikoloho le thuto le lipatlisiso. Sebakeng sa eona ha se feela tlhaho, empa hape le lintho tsa histori le tsa setso tsa Central Kama. Ba na le boikutlo bo khethehileng ba ho itekanetse, ho ba le tikoloho le ho ithabisa, 'me ba sebelisoa ka mafolofolo bakeng sa bohahlauli bo laoloang.

Histori ea paki eo

Tsela e atlehang ea ho sireletsa le ho boloka mehaho ea tlhaho ke ho hlophisa lipaki tsa sechaba tsa pono ea mesebetsi e mengata. Ka 1995, mmuso oa Lefapha la Udmurt o ile oa etsa qeto ea hore ho hlokahala hore ho thehoe "park" Nechkinsky.

Hona joale, tšimong ea eona, ntho leha e le efe e ka bang le phello e mpe linthong tsa phoofolo le ea limela e thibetsoe. Ho phaella moo, mohaho leha e le ofe oa ho haha, ho kenyeletsa lipeipi le litsela tse kholo, ha o amohelehe.

Paraka ea sechaba "Nechkinsky" e Izhevsk e ipehela lipakane tse latelang:

1. Ho boloka libaka tsa tlhaho tse ikhethang, hammoho le lintho tsa liphoofolo le limela.
2. Ho boloka liemahale tsa histori le lintho tsa lefa la moetlo.
3. Thuto ea thuto ea lintho tse phelang.
4. Ho bōptjoa maemo a nepahetseng bakeng sa bohahlauli bo laoloang, hammoho le boikhathollo ba baahi, ho tloaelana le litlaleho tsa histori le tsa setso.
5. Tlhaloso ea mekhoa e mecha ka ho fetisisa ea tikoloho
6. Ho tsosolosoa ha lintho tsa histori, tsa setso le tsa tlhaho tse senyehileng.
7. Tšireletso, ts'ireletso le tlhahiso ea limela le liphoofolo.
8. Ts'ebetsong ea tlhokomelo ea tikoloho.

Karolo ea tikoloho

Hona joale, phakeng ea sechaba "Nechkinsky" (Russia) sebakeng se seholo sa libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea tlhaho Udmurtia ke e 'ngoe ea mehloli ea bohlokoa ea liphoofolo tse hlaha. Mona li bolokiloe lihlopha tse ikhethang tsa meru ea likhohola, maru, letša, lits'ebeletso tsa linōka, liphoofolo tse hlaha, tse sa fumanoang ke batho, lintho tsa setso le tsa histori. Basebeletsi ba paki ba tobane le mosebetsi o boima, eseng feela ho sireletsa leruo le leng teng, empa le ho le eketsa, kaha hoo e ka bang 70% ea limela tsa liphoofolo le liphoofolo tsa 'Muso oa Udmurt eohle li tsepamisitsoe haholo tšimong.

Libaka tsa libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea tlhaho

National Park "Nechkinsky" e ka mabōpong a Letamo la Votkinsky bohareng ba Nōka ea Kama. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore libaka tsa libanka tse letšehali le tse nepahetseng li fapane haholo. Libaka tsa maboteng a letšehali li emeloa ke litša tsa metsi a likhohola le likhohola tsa likhohola. Sebaka sa Kama se letho empa phula e nang le linōka tse nyenyane, maramo le meru.

Haeba ho na le litlhapi tsa Siva ke linōka tse kholo tsa sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea tlhaho.

National Park "Nechkinsky" e fumaneha linaheng tse nang le boemo ba leholimo ba leholimo ba leholimo. Bakeng sa libaka tse khetholloang ke mariha a nako e telele le mocheso oa lehlabula, nako e khutšoanyane haholo. Khoeli ke khoeli e futhumetseng ka ho fetisisa, nakong ena karolelano ea mocheso ke likhato tse leshome le metso e robong. Empa nako e batang ka ho fetisisa ke January, ka karolelano mocheso ke -15 likhato.

Flora

National Park "Nechkinsky" e na le limela tse nang le mocheso o tsitsitseng, o khetholloang ke mefuta e sa tšoaneng. Mona ho fumanoe mefuta e 745 ea limela tse nang le li-vascular, tse 82 tseo e leng mefuta e sa tloaelehang, le tse 'nè li thathamisitsoeng Bukeng e khubelu. Hape ho na le limela tse ikhethang tse ileng tsa fumanoa pele nakong ea lipatlisiso, li hōla feela sebakeng se sirelelitsoeng: ho foqoha ha sekhahla, ho cauliflower e tšoeu, e leng lebone la tšimo.

Sebaka sena sa boikhathollo se laoloa ke meru ea lihlahla tse nang le lihlahla tse nang le lihlahla tse nang le lifate tse nang le lihlahla tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lihlahla tse nang le lifate tse nang Lihlopha tse hloekileng tsa li-spruce li emetsoe ke spruce le spruce ea Siberia. Li fumanoa tšimong ena ka mokhoa o fokolang. Ka molao, lifate tsa spruce li emeloa ke firate ea Siberia, phaene, birch, linden. Lifate tsa merara li fumaneha marung le libakeng tse ling tse tlaase, hammoho le lithabeng tsa Kama.

Sebakeng sa sebaka sa tšireletso ea tlhaho, mefuta e 24 ea limela tse entsoeng ka serame, li-gymnosperm 6 le li-angiosperms tse 678 li ile tsa tlalehoa.

Park "Nechkinsky" e fumaneha karolong e meraro ea libaka tsa mocheso: meru ea trope, taiga le meru e pharaletseng.

Massifs of Forest of Park

Meru ea Pine e fapane haholo. Lifate tsa phaene ha li fokotsehe haholo libakeng tsa kholo. Li ka boroa ho sebaka seo. Metsing ea pine ea ntsu ho na le hazel, maple le oak. Empa cowberry (phaene) e khethile libaka tse phahameng. Hangata mona ho na le meru ea phaene le li-bilberries tsa cranberry.

Ka mabaka a paki ena ho na le libaka tse 'maloa moo fir e leng ea bohlokoa. Mobu o ruileng o hōla alder e ntšo. Libakeng tsa meru e mahlahahlaha le e pharaletseng, lifate tsa oike li hlahella. Lihlopha tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang le lifate tse nang

Sebakeng sa tlhokomelo ea tlhaho, u ka fumana mefuta eohle ea marulelo: sebaka se tlaase, sa nakoana le sehlabeng. Libakeng tsa meru ea phaene le libakeng tse tlaase, meru ea sphagnum e atisa ho fumanoa .

Hape ho ruile limela tsa metsing tsa boikhathollo. E na le mefuta e fetang mashome a tšeletseng.

Liphoofolo tsa Nečkinsky Park

Liphoofolo tsa phakeng ea sechaba "Nechkinsky" li fapane haholo. Libakeng tsa matloana moo ho nang le mefuta e 38 ea litlhapi, mefuta e meng e tšeletseng e nyametse ka ho feletseng ka lebaka la taolo ea likhoerekhoere tsa Volga le Kama.

Sebaka sa metsi sa Votkinskoe se fumanoa Chekhon, roach, ruff, perch, ho otla, sehlaseli sa Volga, pike, tulka, bream, burbot, bugler, ide, pike perch. Ka linako tse ling, litlhapi tsena li akarelletsa sazan, taimen, tlhapi ea litlhapi, char, mahlo a masoeu. Ho na le li-carp tse ngata matlong a matamo, empa bream e busa hohle.

Hona joale, ho tšoasa litlhapi ho lumelloa ka lengolo la tumello, 'me, ha e le hantle, moahi leha e le ofe a ka e fumana. Litsebi li lumela hore ho tšoasa litlhapi tse khōlō ho fumanehile ka tekanyo e tebileng 'me ho tšoana le liindasteri. Phapang e le 'ngoe feela ke e khethollang mefuta. Motheo oa ho tšoasa liindasteri Ke Chekhon, ha balateli ba khetha li-pike, bream le pike.

Liphoofolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa naha

Ho ea ka boitsebiso ba molao, liphoofolo tsa National Park "Nechkinsky" li emeloa ke mefuta e 213 ea liphoofolo tse phelang ka ntle ho naha. Litsebi li nka hore ho na le mefuta e meng e meng e meraro, empa hona joale ha ho na data e nepahetseng. Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, desman o nyametse ka ho feletseng. Ka kakaretso, ho ea ka litsebi, lenane la liphoofolo le hloka phetoho e tebileng le ntlafatso e eketsehileng.

Ho itšetlehile ka thepa ea Univesithi ea Udmurt, ho ka boleloa hore ho na le mefuta e 155 ea linonyana phakeng. Libaka tsena li oela sebakeng sa sehlaha. Ke mefuta e mashome a mararo feela e lulang mona ka ho sa feleng, tse ling kaofela li falla.

Sebaka sena sa boikhathollo se laoloa ke linonyana, se tšoaneng le meru le libaka tsa maru. Palo ea linonyana tsa steppe ke ea bohlokoa haholo.

Morung ona ho na le baemeli ba liphoofolo tse latelang: elk, lynx, bere e sootho, li-hedgehog tse tloaelehileng, li-shrews, meru ea sefate, beaver, squirrel e tloaelehileng, mole, marten, phoofolo ea hlaha, ermine, badger, fox, phiri, weasel, otter.

Parapeng ho na le liphoofolo tse fetang 2000 tse sa tsitsang, ho na le likokoanyana tse ngata mona, tse amanang le boteng ba metsi a moroallo le linaha tsa maru.

Libaka tsa tlhaho tsa National Park "Nechkinsky"

Sebakeng sa paki ena ho na le liemahale tse robeli tsa tlhaho, tse nang le bohlokoa ba bohlokoa ba ho ithabisa. Tsena li kenyelletsa lipampitšana "Galevo" le "Nechkinskoe", mohloli "Makarovsky", molomong oa Siva, Lake Zaborne, peat bogs "Kemulskoe" le "Pure-Kostovatovskoe."

Meru ea meru e haufi le linōka e na le bohlokoa ba bohlokoa ba ho boloka metsi. Liemahale tsohle tsa tlhaho ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa mesebetsi ea saense le tsebo, ebile e na le bokhoni bo bongata ba ho ithabisa. Ntho e thahasellisang ke hore liphoofolo le limela, tse lumellanang le sebaka sena, li lula libakeng tse fapaneng. Ka bobeli ba theha sechaba se ikhethang le se ikhethang, moo ho seng kae moo ho fumanoang teng.

Scientific e sebetsa

Basebeletsi ba paki ba etsa mesebetsi ea saense e mafolofolo ho latela tataiso ea histori le ea likokoana-hloko. Ho ba teng liemahale tse mashome a mararo tsa khale tsa khale tsa khale ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho netefatsa.

Basebetsi ba na le mesebetsi e latelang:

1. Ho ithuta ka hloko liphoofolo le limela tsa likarolo tsohle tsa paki.
2. Tlhahlobo ea morero oa batho ba "Red Book" le mefuta e sa tloaelehang.
3. Ho etsa lithuto tsa bohlokoa libakeng tse 'maloa.

Mosebetsi oa saense oa paki ea sechaba "Nechkinsky" ke ea bohlokoa haholo. Har'a bona, thahasello e khethehileng ke tlaleho ea tlhaho, e 'nileng ea etsoa ho tloha ka 2005. Basebeletsi ba lefapha la saense la sebaka se sirelelitsoeng ba atisa ho phatlalatsa mesebetsi ea bona, har'a bona:

1. Liphoofolo tsa libere tsa park.
2. National Park ea Khokhlatki.
3. Liphoofolo tsa maleshoane li shoele.
4. Liphello tsa lipatlisiso tsa maleshoane-maleshoane.

Ho na le mesebetsi e mengata, e koahela limela le liphoofolo tsa serapa sa "Nechkinsky". Ho phaella moo, basebeletsi ba mafolofolo haholo ha ba sebelisana le bahahlauli ba bangata, mekhatlo ea saense, mekotlaamo le mecha ea khatiso. Tšebelisano ea saense e thusa ho etsa mesebetsi ea lipatlisiso le ho phatlalatsa liphello tsa mosebetsi eseng feela ka litsebi tse fokolang tsa litsebi, empa le har'a lipalo tse pharaletseng, kahoo li hulela batho, li ba fa mathata a tlhaho.