North Siberia mabalane: tlhaloso, sebaka hahlaula, boemo ba leholimo

North Siberia mabalane (mapeng e bonoa ka ho hlaka) ke se seholo thoteng ea sebakeng leng karolong e ka leboea ea Bochabela Siberia. Ho ae phethang linaheng leboea ea libaka tse peli tsa Siberia District Federal: ea Krasnoyarsk Territory le Republic of Yakutia.

Mabalane otlolla bakeng sa km SE 600 ho tloha Taimyr Byrranga Mountains ka leboea ho ea ka boroa Putorana sehlabeng, 'me hoo e ka bang 1 500 km ho tloha molomong oa Yenisei River ka bophirimela ho ea Olenek River ka bochabela. Kahoo, mabalane teng pakeng tsa 70 le 75 tšoana ya bolokolohi leboea, 'me pakeng tsa 83 le 125 likhato tsa longitude: bochabela. Ke hore, e koahela ka boroa ho Taimyr Hloahloeng, metsotso tloha Leoatleng Kara Leoatleng Laptev.

libaka klimate

Moo ke North Siberia mabalane le phello ea sebakeng lona ka boemo ba leholimo ka? Potso ena e thahasellisa haholo. A re ke re hlahlobisiseng ho lona ka ho.

Hoo e ka bang kaofela ha eona e ka libaka Arctic maemo a leholimo le feela sebakeng seo e nyenyane e ka boroa-bophirimela teng subarctic ena. Advantageously North Siberia Tundra e sebakeng mabalane. Leha ho le joalo, e ka boroa le boroa-ka bophirimela likarolo tsa morung-tundra ba emeloang ke meru deciduous, 'me sebakeng sa bohareng sa Taimyr Hloahloeng, hammoho le ka leboea-bochabela, sebakeng sa feta lefeelleng arctic.

Advantageously ena baser Yagelnaya tundra le maralleng a fumanoa seoelo kapa libaka tse phahameng majoe ho fihlela ho 200 limithara, 'me ka linako tse ling ho fihlela ho 250 m. Sebaka nang phelelang linōka tse ngata le matša. Kholo ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - leq. Anabar, Olenek, Pyasina, Khatanga, le matša a - Taimyr, Cocora le Labaz. Tundra haholo waterlogged.
Arctic kontinenteng tlelaemete, lehlabula e khutšoanyane le mariha ke nako e telele haholo. Claus fihle 50 ^{° C} ka tlaase mona lefela, 'me nakong ea lehlabula mocheso - ke ke tse fetang 20 ° ^C.

Ho tloha North Siberia mabalane e leng ka leboea ho Arctic Circle, ho lehlabula le mariha linako tse tsamaea le letsatsi Polar le bosiu. Hoetla le selemo ke tse khutšoanyane. The fetola linako tsa selemo e tshwerweng bakeng sa libeke tse 2-3. Pula ea North-Siberia mabalane tse nyenyane: ho tswa millimeters 200 ho 400. Sebakeng sa oohle oa lefatše thaws ea lehlabula feela lera ka holimo. ketsahalo ena e bitsoa "permafrost".

Flora

North Siberia mabalane ke e fokolang haholo limela. O emeloang ke mosses, boriba (boriba), lihlahla monokotsoai (crowberry, blueberries, blackberries), dwarf birch le meluoane. Karolong e ka boroa o ka fumana meru deciduous, 'me ka sekoti, ka sireletsa ho tswa ho moea, a ema letheka le Rowan stocky. Nako limela e khutšoanyane: libeke tse 6-8, empa angiosperms tse ngata, poppie Polar le sedges, nako ea ho lipalesa le ho butsoa dipeo.

lefatše phoofolo

North Siberia mabalane e sa haholo khahlisa le mefuta e fapaneng ya liphoofolo. Sena likhama tse hlaha, liphokojoe arctic, liphiri, lemmings, le liphooko Polar le partridges. Ka Taimyr pholoha, imported ho lilemo tse 60 ho tloha Canada, ho batho ba mehleng ea ea mammoth ea - muskoxen. Lehlabula, le tundra nesting waterfowl e khōlō palo ea linonyana tse fallang: likhantši, matata, likhantši.

baahi

Matsoalloa le baahi emeloang Nganasans, entsami, Dolgan, 'me ka boroa - Evenki. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa ho baemeli ba lichaba tsena - likhama alosa, tsoma liphoofolo tse boea le ho tšoasa litlhapi.