Mothapo Iliac: sebopeho le mosebetsi

Iliac mothapo - e mong oa methapo ea kholo ka ho fetisisa mmuso. Di di behuwe ka bobedi tšelang bolelele ba cm, 7 le bophara ba 13 limilimithara. Qala methapo teng sebakeng la bo4 lumbar vertebra le ke tswelediso tsa aorta mpeng (bifurcation lona). Moo e kopanetsoeng ke sacrum le masapo iliac, likepe tsena li arotsoe ka Link le ka hare methapo iliac.

Iliac mothapo tloaelehile hore batho ba

E lokela ho ba laterally le tlaase ho noka nyenyane. Sebakeng sa iliac-sacral kopanetsoeng ho tloaelehile hore batho iliac mothapo arotsoe ka mothapo hare le kantle ya lebitso tšoanang, haufi le noka le noka.

A. iliaca interna

Hare iliac mothapo (2) fepa le 'mele' me lerako pelvic. E tobane le ka hare la lumbar mesifa (kholo). Karolong e ka holimo ea qalang kgolo ya receptacle sciatic se makala a parietal le methapo visceral.

makala parietal

• Lumbar-iliac ea lekala (3). Ho laterally le ho tloha ka mor'a lumbar mesifa kholo, ho fana makala ho iliac mesifa le lesapo la lebitso tšoanang, hammoho le e kholo boholo ba lisekoere le lumbar mesifa. Ho feta moo, ba fana ka mali ho lera la boko le methapo ea kutlo lesapo la mokokotlo.
• Lateral sacral mothapo (4). Matlafatsa mesifa tebileng tsa morao, sacrum, lesapo la mokokotlo thapo (metso methapo ea kutlo le likhetla), coccyx le sacrum ligament, ho piriformis mesifa, e mesifa hore phahamisa e haha.
• Mothapo obturator (6). E lokela ho ba ka mahlakoreng pel'a noka ena. Makala a sekepe ke: dikahlolo, ka pele, ka morao methapo fa letlalo la litho tsa genital, ho obturator le ho etsa hore serope mesifa, noka kopanetsoeng, serope lesapo (hlooho ea eona), e dikahlolo symphysis, le lesapo iliac, tšesaane a khekheng, lumbar-iliac, mesifa lisekoere, obturator (ka ntle, ka hare) mesifa le mesifa e hlahisa haha.
• Lower gluteal mothapo (7). Ea pelvic tsoela ka Subpiriforme lesoba. Nourishes letlalo ka maraong, liqholo, sekoere, semimembranous, gluteus maximus, pere e bōpehileng joaloka, semitendinosus, ho fellang ka mesifa (kholo), mafahla (ka tlaase, ka holimo), e obturator (ka hare, Link) mesifa le biceps femoral mesifa (hlooho ea eona nako e telele).
• Upper gluteal methapo (5). Ho nadgrushevidnoe laterally le ka lesoba le fetela le ho mesifa le letlalo la sebakeng gluteal e tebileng le ka ntle feela makala. lijana tsena matlafatsa nyenyane, mahareng gluteal mesifa, noka kopanetsoeng, letlalo la maraong e.

makala visceral

• Lelana mothapo (13, 14). Ho matha hammoho le ka morao holim 'a lerako ka mpeng, bochaba ho mokhubung e. Ka sejana antenatal sebetsang ka botlalo a sebetsang. Ka mor'a ho tsoaloa ha bongata ba zapustevaet lona 'me e ba le lelana ligament. Leha ho le joalo, karolo e itseng e nyenyane ea sekepe e ntse li sebetsa le ho fana ka e ka holimo vesical mothapo le mothapo semyavyvodnogo difapho fepa leboteng la bobeli, hammoho le senya le urethra leboteng.
• Uterine mothapo. E lokela ho ba pakeng tsa maqephe a sephara uterine ligament ho popelo ea, tsela le sefapano ureter e le ho fana ka lethopo, popelo le makala a ka bosaling. R.tubarius fepa fallopian methapo, e r. ovaricus ka botenya ba mesentery loketseng ho ovary le e bopa e anastomosis le makala popelo mothapo. Rr. vaginales lateloa fatše marako bosaling (lehlakoreng).
• Rectal (karolelano) mothapo (9). Ke ho rectum (ho lateral lerako la ampoules hae), ho fepa le mesifa hore phahamisa e haha, ho ureter, e ka tlaase 'me bohareng rectal mafapha, basali - botshehading, le ka banna ba - ea tšoelesa ea senya le ho vesicles peō.
• Cirrus (hare) mothapo (10) - qetela lekala ea mothapo hare iliac. Siea sekepe tsamaea le methapo tlaase gluteal Subpiriforme ka lesoba skirting sciatic mokokotlo hape le kenella ka hare beisine nyenyane (ho rectal-ischial fossa) ka sciatic (nyenyane) lesoba. Sena se etsa hore fossa mothapo proctal tlaase mothapo (11) 'me joale makala ka: dorsal mothapo oa botoneng (clitoris), mothapo perineal, urethral, tebileng mothapo clitoral (botoneng) sejana fa ea tleloubu ea botona le methapo fa ea tleloubu ea vestibule ena. Kaofela ha methapo ea pelo tse ka holimo matlafatsa ba boholong loketseng ho tse (ka hare obturator mesifa, e leng karolo e ka tlaase ea rectum e, Link makala genital, urethra, tšoelesa ea senya bulbourethral, botshehading, mesifa perineal le letlalo).

A.Iliaca externa

External iliac mothapo o qala ka iliac-sacral kopanetsoeng le e sehlomathiso sa iliac mothapo tloaelehileng.

Ho ileal mothapo (tšoauoa ka motsu) tlase le anterior lumbar hare holim 'a mesifa kgolo ho ligament inguinal fetisa ka vasculature tlas'a eo lacuna fetoloa mothapo serope. Branch hore e fana ka iliac mothapo Link le matlafatse labia pubis, scrotum, iliac mesifa le mala mesifa.

External makala iliac mothapo

• Lower epigastric mothapo (1). Ho medially, 'me joale ka ba rectus mesifa (ka morao karolo). sekepe fana theoha makala tse 'maloa: ho dikahlolo mothapo Ea jang le periosteum le lesapo dikahlolo; cremasteric mothapo (makala a le sebakeng sa lesale inguinal tebileng tseo e leng banna), ho fepa ka lera lekwalata spermatic thapo le mesifa e phahamisa lehe kapa mothapo uterine potoloha ligament (ka basali), ba romeloa ho ea letlalo la feditsweng.
• Tebileng mothapo, iliac lesapo hore potolohileng (2). Ho simoloha ho tloha ligament inguinal le seduet supa ka ntle le ho ya hodimo tšoanang ho Crest tsa ilium sa eaba ba etsa anastomosis le makala a tsa mothapo lumbar-iliac. mothapo tebileng fepa leboteng (ka pele) mesifa ka mpeng le constituent lona: iliac, lateral, feto-fetola taba, oblique, 'me koba fascia mangeshkar ka serope ka.

Occlusion tsa methapo iliac

Lisosa tsa occlusion / stenosis tsa mothapo ke aortoarteritis botenng ya data, thromboangiitis obliterans, musculo-fibrous dysplasia le atherosclerosis.

The ketsahalo ea lefu lena ho etsa hore lisele hypoxia le metabolism dinama tse nyenyane tse maloetse 'me, e le lebaka leo, ntshetsopele ya acidosis tshilong ya dijo le tshilong ya dijo ka bokella lihlahisoa oxidized. Fetola thepa ya liplatelete, e ile ea eketseha ea mali e tiileng e qamathelang le thrombi Ka hona multiple thehoa.

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea occlusion (ho latela etiology):

• Posttraumatic.
• Postembolic.
• Iatrogenic.
• Aortitis nonspecific.
• liforomo tsoakiloeng ya atherosclerosis, aortitis le arteritis.

Ho latela sebōpeho sa tšenyo e ho methapo iliac lokolla:

• Foleng tshebetso.
• Stenosis.
• Hlobaetsang thrombosis.

bolwetse ena e tšoauoa ka syndromes 'maloa:

• Ischemia ea maoto le matsoho e ka tlaase (maoto ponahalo ea coldness, hill claudication, shoohlo, mokhathala le paresthesias).
• Ho hloka matla (ischemia makala ka noka ya, mafu a ho potoloha ha mali a khoele lesapo la mokokotlo (likarohano tsa lona ka tlaase)).

Occlusion phekolo e etsoang ka mekhoa mekhoa e tloaetsoeng kapa ho buoa.

kalafo mekhoa e tloaetsoeng o ikemiseditse ho go lekanyetsa mali hoama, felisa bohloko le spasm ea methapo ea mali. Ho finyella sena e behiloeng ganglioplegic, antispasmodics, 'me joalo-joalo.

Tabeng ea claudication matla, bohloko phomotse, dinama tse nyenyane tse necrosis, embolism sebelisoa ho buuoa. Ha sena se etsoa ka ho tlosa karolo e senyehile ea methapo iliac, ho buuoa ho tlosa pakellanang, sympathectomy kapa motswako ea mekhoa e sa tšoaneng.

Iliac mothapo aneurysm

Qalong asymptomatic, 'me feela ka mor'a hore le keketseho bohlokoa qala ho iponahatsa ea bongaka.

E aneurysm - sena meshochkopodobnoe protrusion ea leboteng sejana, oo ka oona ho elasticity ea lisele e haholo tsa fokotswa le nkeloa sebaka ke sekame connective dinama tse nyenyane tse.

aneurysm bakang e ka kenyeletsa: atherosclerosis ea methapo iliac, kotsi, GB.

Sena bolwetse kotsi ea ho ba le mathata a boima - otlile ea aneurysm, e leng e tsamaea le mali a maholohali, ho theola khatello ea mali, ho otla ha pelo le putlama.

Tabeng ea tlōlo ea phepelo ea mali ho thrombosis le noka ka ba le sebakeng sa aneurysm, tibia le noka, e leng e tsamaea le utloe bohloko bo boholo le dysuria.

bolwetse ena e fumanoa ka ho oa ultrasound, CT kapa MRI, angiography le duplex anthivaerase.