Lesapo la mokokotlo khoele: makgetheng mehaho, mefuta e le mesebetsi

Thapo lesapo la mokokotlo ke karolo ea tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Ka 'mele oa motho e na le boikarabelo ba reflexes dilenaneo le phetiso ea litakatso tsa methapo ea kutlo pakeng tsa litho tsa ka hare le bokong. lesapo la mokokotlo khoele koahele, ho fana ka tšireletso. ke lintho life 'me ho se tšoane ha ba na?

sebopeho

arches vertebral theha cavity, bitsoa kanale vertebral, 'me ho eona ke thapo lesapo la mokokotlo hammoho le lijana le ea metso methapo ea kutlo. karolo lona e ka holimo e amana le medulla (karolo hlooho), le tlase - ka periosteum bobeli coccygeal vertebra.

Lesapo la mokokotlo khoele shebahala joaloka tšesaane mola tšoeu, bolelele ba tsona ho motho fihla 40-45 di emetse disentimitara le eketseha le botenya ho tloha botebong ho ya hodimo. holim'a lona ke hanyenyane concave. Ho na le likarolo tse mashome a mararo-e 'ngoe ea tse teng para ea metso methapo ea kutlo.

Thapo lesapo la mokokotlo e koahetsoe le likhetla ka ntle. Ka hare ho e na le morero o moputsoa le o mosoeu, karo-karolelano bona fapana likarolong tse sa tšoaneng. Taba ea bohlooho o na le sebōpeho sa serurubele, ho na le methapo ea kutlo 'mele sele le dithulaganyo bona kenyelletsa ditokiseletso e tšoeu tiileng, eo e lokisetsa ka metshetshe.

Bohareng ba kanale e teng taba ea bohlooho. Ho tlatsa le mokelikeli cerebrospinal (CSF), e leng e sa khaotse a ajoa ka boko le lesapong la mokokotlo. Ho batho ba baholo, ho ke ke ho fihlela ho ea bophahamo ba modumo ea 270 dimililitha. CSF hlahiswa ka ventricles ea boko le e ntlafalitsoeng makhetlo a 4 ka letsatsi.

lesapo la mokokotlo khoele

Tharo khetla: thata, arachnoid le bonolo - koahela bobeli hlooho le thapo lesapo la mokokotlo. Ba phetha mesebetsi mabeli a ka sehloohong. A ho Sireletsa-thibela tshusumetso e mpe ea bohato phetha molao ka bokong. mosebetsi Trophic e amana le molao oa tsamaiso ea phallo bokong mali, ka lebaka leo o etsoang tsoa metabolism ka lisele.

Thapo lesapo la mokokotlo li entsoe ka lisele tse connective dinama tse nyenyane tse. Kantle ho na le khetla e thata, tlas'a arachnoid le bonolo. Ha ba le haufi le e mong le e tse ling tse thata-thata. E na subdural le pakeng tsa sebaka sa subarachnoid. Ho mokokotlo ba hokela lipoleiti le ligaments, e thibela elongation ea boko.

Shell di thehoa qalong ea khoeli le ea bobeli ea ho hōla fetal. The dinama tse nyenyane tse connective Ho thehoa tube neural le ho aba hammoho eona. Hamorao lisele tse dinama tse nyenyane tse arohane ho theha ka ntle 'me ka hare khetla. Ka mor'a nakoana khetla ea kelello e arotsoe bonolo le arachnoid.

khetla e thata

Khetla ka ntle e na le dikarolo ka thata hodimo le tlase. E na le holim kaba ka e ratang le plurality ea tšelang. Ho fapana le khetla tšoanang bokong, ho ha e abut ka thata-thata khahlanong le marako a le kanale vertebral le arohane le bona ke akira theo gun venous, mafura dinama tse nyenyane tse.

Khetla e thata ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo e teteaneng fibrous dinama tse nyenyane tse bohlale. Ho se thatela boko ka mokgwa wa e molelele cylindrical sebopeho a mokotla. Koahela lisele tse (endothelium) di na le dipegelo ka tlaase lera cladding.

Ho akaretsang diyunibesiti di le nodes le methapo ea kutlo, eaba ba etsa cavity eo atolosa, atamela ho foramen intervertebral. Haufi le khetla hlooho e amana le lesapo occipital. Ho sesefatsa fatše 'me khoele e tšesaane, e leng o khomaretse coccyx ena.

Mali le fetisa ka methapo ho khetla amanang ho thoracic le ka mpeng aorta. mali Venous kena akira theo gun venous. khetla e tsitsitseng ka kanale lesapo la mokokotlo ka lebaka la dithulaganyo ka foramen intervertebral le tufts fibrous.

arachnoid

Sekotjana e bōpehileng joaloka sebaka le palo e khōlō ea tlohang libalaka le arohanya le tiileng le arachnoid lera ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo. Ea bobeli e na le mofuta o mong oa e lakane masesaane, e sebeletsang pepeneneng le e na le fibroblasts (connective dinama tse nyenyane tse likhoele hore synthesize le popeho kantle ho sele).

Arachnoid lera ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo phuthetsoe glia - lisele fana phetiso ea litakatso tsa methapo ea kutlo. E na le methapo ea ha ho na mali. From dithulaganyo arachnoid phelisong, filamentous trabeculae, ho loha ka latelang khetla bonolo.

Tlas'a sekoahelo sa eona teng sebaka subarachnoid. Ka hare ho e na le ho mokelikeli cerebrospinal. E atolosoa karolong e ka tlaase ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo, ho sacrum le coccyx. Ka e leng sebaka se molala teng pakeng tsa e makatsa le bonolo lera la arachnoid. Septum le Gear kgokahanyo pakeng tsa metso boko methapo ea kutlo e tsitsitseng le boemong ba se le seng, ha lumella hore a falla.

khetla bonolo

khetla hare ke le bonolo. Ho se thatela thapo lesapo la mokokotlo. Bapisoa le sebopeho tšoanang bokong, ho nkoa tsoarellang ho feta le teteaneng. Bonolo khetla ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo e na le dinama tse nyenyane tse hlephileng, e neng e koahetsoe ke lisele tse endothelial.

E na le dikarolo tse peli tse tšesaane pakeng tsa eo ho na le lijana tse ngata ea mali. Ka lera ka holimo, e le litšoantšo tse tšesaane poleiti kapa lakane ke ligaments dentate hore lokisa khetla. Ho isa karolong e ka hare ea lera haufi ea lisele glial e amana ka ho toba le khoele lesapo la mokokotlo. Khetla e bopa e selateng sa bakeng mothapo le le eona le kenella ka hare ka boko le taba ea bohlooho.

khetla bonolo se teng feela liphoofolo tse anyesang. Tse ling vertebrates tsa lefatše (tetrapods) na tse peli feela - tiile 'me le ka hare. Ha ba ntse ba iphetola ha lintho ntshetsopeleng ya khetla ea kelello ka liphoofolo tse anyesang le ile la aroloa ho web le bonolo.

bofello

Thapo lesapo la mokokotlo e amanang le tsamaiso ea bohareng methapo ea vertebrates, ho akarelletsa le batho. Ho etsa mosebetsi oa reflex le introducer. Pele leoto reflexes le boikarabelo ba ho - .. Of flexion le katoloso, filiming, joalo-joalo The mosebetsi bobeli e ka conduction la litakatso tsa methapo ea kutlo pakeng tsa litho tsa ka hare le bokong.

Tiileng, arachnoid le bonolo khetla se thatela thapo lesapo la mokokotlo ho tswa ho ka ntle. Ba phetha sireletsang le trophic (phepo e nepahetseng) mosebetsi. Likhetla thehoa lisele tse connective dinama tse nyenyane tse. Di arohane ka libaka pakeng tsa bona tse tletseng joala - mokelikeli e potoloha ka khoele lesapo la mokokotlo le boko. A kenapa amanang pakeng tsa likhoele e metle 'me e hlophisitsweng,.