Le monyetla lera

Phomotse lera bokgoni ba ke bokgoni ba motlakase (oa matsete), e leng e thehiloe lipakeng tsa holim'a metsi ka ntle tsa lera sele le lehlakoreng le ka hare tsa lera lero la mali. Ka hare lehlakoreng la lera mabapi le le ka ntle holim 'kamehla e' nile ea e mpe qoso. Bakeng sa e mong le e mofuta oa li-cell phomolo ka 'nang ha e haholo kamehla boholo. Kahoo, ka mofuthu-sehloho, ka likhoele tsa mesifa ya marapo e 90 MV, seleng ea infarction - 80, lisele tse methapo ea kutlo - 60-70. Le monyetla lera se teng liseleng tsohle tse phelang.

Ho ya ka morao-rao khopolo talimano motlakase phepelo ho thehoa ka lebaka la motho ea mafolofolo le etseng letho motsamao oa ions.

Etseng letho tshisinyo le hlaha hammoho le mahloriso kretiente ha a hloke eneji, le input ho eona. Cell lera boemong phomolo o na le e lumellang metsi ho kena e khōloanyane ho ions potassium. Ka cytoplasm ea methapo ea kutlo le mesifa lisele tsa (potassium ions) jwale ka mashome a mararo ho mashome a mahlano linako tse phahameng ho feta ho interstitial mokelikeli. The cytoplasm ions tsena ka bolokolohi foromo le diffused pahokololo ea mahloriso kretiente, ka kantle ho sele mokelikeli ka mose ho lera. The interstitial mokelikeli intracellular anions li tsoaroa ka tsa ka ntle holim 'a lera.

Ka sebaka intracellular na le haholo-holo anions pyruvic, acetic, acid e aspartic le acid tse ling tse phelang. The inorganic acid e fuperoeng ke ka e batlang e le tse nyenyane palo. Anions tlala ka lera le ka che. Ba lula gorole le. Anions li fumaneha ka hare lehlakoreng la lera.

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore qoso e mpe ea anions le cations ka - e, holim' ka ntle la lera o na le tefiso e ntle, 'me ka hare - ha ho.

Ka kantle ho sele ions mokelikeli sodium e robeli ho ka makhetlo a leshome ho feta ka gorole ka. Bona e lumellang metsi ho kena ha e tlaase. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ho kenella ka hare tsa sodium ions ho ea boholeng bo itseng fokoletse theko ea lera ka bang teng. Ha sena se etsahala ho diffusion tsa ions chloride ka seleng. The dikahare tsa ions tsena ka makhetlo a leshome le metso e mehlano ho mashome a mararo a phahame ho feta ka maro le kantle ho sele. Ka lebaka la ho kenella ka hare tsa bona tsa lera le monyetla oa keketseho e hanyenyane. Ho phaella moo, ho na le ke lera le khethehileng limolek'hule mochine. Ho fana ho phahamiswa mafolofolo potassium le sodium ions ka nģa ea eketseha mahloriso. Kahoo tshehetswa ionic asymmetry.

Mokhatlo mafolofolo ions ke ka lebaka la ho sebetsa ha ea sodium-potassium "pompo" (pompo). Active displacement tsa ions sodium, ka lebaka la ho kenella ka hare ea lisele ka seleng ea ka Ion potassium. Ka kopanetsoe literaka pompo etsoa vector eo, le eena, a nkile ka ho sa bola matla tshilong ya dijo tsa ATP. Thanks ho matla ea hydrolysis ea limolek'hule ATP 2 potassium ions phunyeletse ka ka seleng, 'me ions sodium tse tharo li tsamaisoa ka ntle.

Phomotse, le likhoele mesifa e le hore ho etsa bonnete ba ea ka tšebetso ea lipompo Ion e qeta ho fihlela ho liphesente tse mashome a mabeli tsa lisele matla.

Tlas'a tšusumetso ea ATPase potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale cleaves ATP. Chefo ea methapo ea kutlo likhoele cyanide monoyodatsetatom, dinitrophenol, le tse ling tse dintho tse, ho kopanyelletsa le tse qetellang ka tshebetso ya ho glycolysis le tswakana tsa ATP, Bo qholotsa (ATP), ea fokotseha ka cytoplasm le cessation ea tšebetso ea "pompo".

lera le boetse ho na le permeable ho ions chloride (ka likhoele khetheha mesifa). Liseleng le phahameng e lumellang metsi ho kena, potassium le chloride ions tsena ka tsela e tsoanang mokgwa wa lera phomolo. Kahoo, ka monehelo tse ling tsa sele ho qetela mosebetsing oa ho o ile a re ke hlokomolohuoang.