Kuban River: tlhaloso. Istok, molomo, limela le liphoofolo

Nka rata ho u bolella ka ntle tsa tlhaho phallo ena metsi, joaloka nōka Kuban. Tlhaloso, difoto le tlhaloso e qaqileng - sena ke lesedi o tla fumana sehloohong se.

Botle ba sebaka sena se tsejoa libakeng tse hōle le Russia. Ho na le nomoro ea tonanahali ea lifilimi e tummeng lefatšeng li ne li thunya ka makhetlo a Union. Molato naha bohehang, tse teng kaofela hammoho lebōpo la. Ho ba libaka tsena, batho ba ba le khotso le khutso li qosoa ka matla e ntle.

boemo ba libaka

Ka boroa Russia ata melapo e phoroselang e mong oa kholo ka ho fetisisa le melapo ea metsi ea naha - nōka Kuban. Mapeng o ka fumana habonolo. Sefe, e leng hona teng karolong e ka leboea ea Caucasus Mountains. Kaha re fallele hae a ea sebakeng se Karachay-Cherkessia, nōka ea phallang ka naheng ea libaka tse tharo: Stavropol Adygea le Krasnodar.

Sebaka kakaretso ea beisine molatsoaneng - hoo e ka bang 58 000 km². Ha nōka Kuban (tlhaloso bona mona ka tlase) fihla mabōpong a Azov, e baka makgobokgobo kholo ka ho fetisisa ea Russia. sebakeng lona ke tse fetang likete tse 'nè limithara tse lisekoere.

Kuban o simolohile mosiko oa Mount Elbrus. Ho ekelletsa moo, ho phallang ho theosa le maralla le liphula. Empa ka mor'a 870 km SE ya metsi e phallang ka Leoatleng la Azov.

Kuban River Delta tlhaloso

Kuban makgobokgobo lohle, 'me hangata le libaka tse mongobo. Empa khabareng ke ikhetha ka mofuta oa sona. 'nete ea hore e ka boroa ea makgobokgobo ea tsoela se feela ho Azov, empa hape ho Leoatle le Letšo. estuaries se sengata le matša, lihlekehleke, mokhoabo oo, melapo overgrown le lehlaka, lehlaka naheng ea makgobokgobo ea. Batho ba moo ba tsebe moo noka Kuban, o ka kamehla fumana limela ikhetha, 'me liphoofolo tse makatsang tse sa tšoaneng.

Hona joale ho na le makgobokgobo ea kajeno lilemo tse likete tse 'maloa tse fetileng, e ne e le kholo ka ho fetisisa Azov Gulf. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la metsi a Azov le Kuban ka ena sebakeng butle-butle ha thehoa e tsoela,. Bay, ka boeona, e ne e omileng, eaba ba etsa laguna tebang. Le nōka Kuban (ka nako eo 'mapeng ke ka ho hlaka bonahalang) pele phalla ka kemisong ea metsi, e neng e bitsoa Khale Kuban. E ne e le eena ea ileng a etsoa metsi ka Black Sea beisine. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la liphororong (ho sireletsa sebaka potolohileng tloha likhohola) thibetsoeng a tsoelang. 'Me hona joale ho fetisisa metsi oela feela Leoatle la Azov.

Mohloli oa nōka Kuban: Features

Kuban o ile a qala hae "bophelo" sebakeng seo converge hammoho tse peli tse lithaba linōka - Uchkulan le Ullukay. bobeli The e atisa ho nkoa e le katoloso ya Kuban. Glaciers, teng holim'a litlhōrō tsa Elbrus, matlafatsa meltwater phallo bona. Mothating ona, ho na le matla le moferefere. mohloli oa nōka Kuban e leng ho e bophahamong ba hoo e ka bang 1400 limithara tse ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle.

Ke habohlokoa ho ela hloko karolo e 'ngoe. Ba bangata ba lumela hore e ne e le ho tloha hae 'me a tsoela lebitso phalla. Morao-rao a utloahalang a le metse ka metso ka puo Karachai le hantle le bolela "e phophoma le molapo."

hydronym

Lebitso ha se feela Kuban noka. Ba ho tloha hae, ho na le tse ka bang 300! mabitso a mang moo ea linoka - Koban, wrasse, Kobhan le ba bang. Ka litlalehong tsa histori ea lebitso la ea boholo-holo Segerike ile thathamisitsoeng ka Hypanis.

Properties la phallo ea metsi

e thahasellisang haholo ya ka dipehelo tsa Kuban River bopa dikgaolo. Tlhaloso ea botho ba lona hona joale e sa tšoaneng haholo. Tse fetang bolelele ba eona nōka e nkoa e le likepe, ka tsela eo ka mokhoa o amohelehang ho sebelisetsoa merero ea temo. Phahameng phallo oela fetang 1000 limithara etsa ho ka khoneha ho arola e ka libaka 4: lithaba, lithaba, piedmont le thota. Fihla Krasnodar Krai, haufi le motse oa Ust-Labinsk, Kuban ke likepe waterway. Ka sehloohong mocha oa nōka, Verbensky Girlie, phallang ka Kou ea Temryuk. E mong - Cossack Eric o phihlelo Akhtanizovskaya estuary la Leoatle Azov. From ena re ka etsa qeto ea hore noka Kuban ke ea Leoatleng la Atlantic beisine.

Libakeng tse phahameng lithaba a molapo o tebileng le ka tlase ea moepa, matsoapo a moepa. Ea bobeli ba emeloang ke sandstones, shale, a lejoe la mokoetla accumulations. Tebang ho finyellang e ka tlaase, e le mabopong a ba tlaase-ho bua leshano le ho flatter. Ka linako tse ling ho na le e tlase maralla. Nōkeng meanders eketsehileng haufi le Delta, eaba ba etsa mofuta oa "pere" - basali khale.

Inflows

Kuban lekana tletseng phallang, le palo ea melatswana (tse nyenyane le tse kholo) bokae ho ea ho 14 tse sekete. The linoka kholo ka ho fetisisa phalla ka ho sona haholo-holo ho tswa ho ya banka le letšehali.

Kholo ka ho fetisisa ho bona:

• lithaba setereke. Urup.
• E leq. Labe-- ka ho fetisisa e tletseng phallang tributary.
• E leq. White - phallo ea metsi le phallo matla ka ho fetisisa, e tseleng lona liphororo tse 'maloa.
• E leq. Pshish le Psekups - fapaneng potlako phallang.
• Qhekellang le FC Afips Afipsky.

Ho banka letona la Kuban River haufi Mara, Bohloko, Dzheguta. Bolelele palo yohle ya Kuban le melatswana lona ke 9500 km SE.

tshebediso ya metsi le mofuta oa lijo

Selemo le selemo phallo karolelano ea metsi Kuban ka Leoatleng la Azov - 14, cu. km SE. Ho phaella moo, ho phalla jarelang leoatle bakeng sa ho fetang 4 Mill. Tonnes letsoai. Lijo ka Kuban tsoakiloeng - ho fetisisa, ba ka bang 65%, ho fihlela lehloa le pula, e ka bang 20% tsoa ho glaciers le 15% - e tlase ho lefatshe.

Stoke e lekane. Seasonality sebediswa. Ka linako tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le litsupa phalla ka 'na ba e fapaneng haholo le mong ho e mong. Hape Kuban ke ea mofuta ofe "anomaly". Ka dikgao tsa tse fapa-fapaneng ka nako metsi noka ka etsa makhetlo a 1.5 fetang ntho e tloaelehileng karolelano.

Ka nako ea selemo serame, Kuban e hoamisoa, empa leqhoa lakane sa tsitsang noka. Boloka e tsoa ho December ho March eaba o qala ho sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa.

Kuban pokello

The pokello kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa North Caucasus e teng ka Kuban River le bitsoa ka eona, ka ho latellana, le Kuban. Nakong e fetileng, hole le lona, ho na le Tshikskoe, empa e ne e tletse metsi lilemo tse seng kae fetileng. Joale pond e hlokomelehang feela e le sebaka bakeng sa ho tšoasa litlhapi.

Kuban phallo le boetse le sebelisoa ho hlahisa motlakase. 4 dimela mwinda e ile ea hahoa - Kurshavskaya, Barsuchkovsky, Sengileevskaya le Zelenchukskaya. Hammoho, ba etsa hore seo ho thoeng ke "phorosela tsa Kuban". morero oa e ne e le ho haha fehlang motlakase Adygei, empa mosebetsi o ile a khaotsa ho ka lilemong tsa morao tjena.

Biota

The limela le liphoofolo tsa nōka e sa tšoaneng haholo. metsi a ho na le e fetang lekholo mefuta e meng ea litlhapi. Sena kalaneng, carp, Roach, carp, bream, bagre, bullhead, kalaneng, Rudd le ba bang. le swims saltwater tlhapi ka mabalane tsa sebakeng seo nōka. Tse ling tsa mefuta e sa tse ikhethang oa ho libakeng tsena. Plankton e tšoantšetsoang ke mefuta itseng ea likhofu, liboko, crustaceans le mefuta e meng e.

Ka metsi a mangata phalla waterfowl, tse kang letata hlaha le likhantši, letata le jang litlhapi, Heron, likhantsi, 'me linonyana tse nyenyane. Rare liphoofolo tse jang nama phela ka Kuban River ka libaka mabopong. khanyang moemeli bona - Gray phakoe. Libakeng tletse metsi leo ho ahiloeng ho ke liphokojoe, likatse tse hlaha, likolobe-moru tse hlaha, muskrats.

River Delta hona joale ke monna hanyane e minyelelitse bakeng sa temo. e boetse e fana ka monyetla oa ho kopanela tlhapi tlhalo. Ka e mong oa hoses tsena ka ho lekaneng hantle ntshetswa pele moruo ka ho ikatisa ea mullet.

Noka bohahlauli e hoo e ka bang mohla o ile a sebelisa. Ntle le libakeng tse lithaba e atisa ho etsoa ka lits'epe tse kopantsoeng lijana kapa rifts. Empa ho tšoasa litlhapi ho tloaelehile ka mahlakoreng a mabeli ka hoo e ka bang libakeng tsohle.

dimela Kuban River ba tšoantšetsoang ke mefuta e latelang: lehlaka sparganium, sedge, joalo-joalo Ba ajoa haholo-holo ka sebaka sa lebōpo la .. Holim 'a metsi a phallang libakeng tse ling e strewn le likhahla, kwa tlase u ka fumana mefuta e fapaneng ya dimelametsing. lihlahla tsena feletsoe ke hectars 40-50 sekete.