Gallbladder: sebopeho, mosebetsi, lefu

Gallbladder - le pere e bōpehileng joaloka kapa conical sekoti 'mele eo e holim'a sebete le letona pakeng tsa boholo ba lisekoere tsa lobes lona. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa gallbladder le - ho bokella le mahloriso tsa bile, hammoho le nako le nako ea eona "romela" ka kakaretso le cystic difapho ka duodenum ena.

batho ba fapaneng gallbladder na litekanyo fapaneng, bolelele mekoloko lona ho tloha 5 ho ea ho 13-14 cm,, bophara - ho tloha disentimetara 2 ho 4, le bokgoni ba 30-70 di ml. Ka ho ba teng ha maemo pathological entsprechen tsena ka 'na ea fapana haholo. Sebopeho sa gallbladder khetholloa 'mele, e ka tlase le molala, e leng e ntse e feta ka difapho cystic. marako bopilwe mefuta e meraro ea likhetla: mesifa, mucosa le connective. E ka tlaase holim 'a nyooko senya serosa sekoahelo. The lera mucous le bopilwe ka plurality tsa lemenong, e 'ngoe ea tseo, teng ka molaleng' me a bitsa heister phunyang, liforomo hammoho le likhoele sphincter mesifa Lyutkensa. The connective dinama tse nyenyane tse selateng le pakeng tsa likhoele mesifa lokisetsa metjha e tubular ba se nang ho buisana le cavity ea senya, ba ile ba ba bitsoa e susumelletsang Luschka.

Sebete le gallbladder ba sebakeng tokelo quadrant ka holimo, empa e nyooko senya tokisetso ea 'na tsa fapana batla, kaha e itšetlehile ka hore le' mele le lilemo. phepelo ea mali le tsoa gallbladder bile-vesical mothapo, seo hangata se fetela le tsoang lekaleng la letona la e amanang le sebete mothapo, mothapo le multiple thehoa ho tswa akira theo gun venous, phalla ka lekala la mothapo-portal, ka hare sebete.

Holim 'a ho fumana gallbladder lijo e fokotsehile hammoho le ena khatello ea hlaha ho eona, e ka ba 200-300 limilimithara metsi karolong e ngotsoeng. Ka mor'a moo, ka ho ba tloaelehileng bile difapho kena bile khobokellane. Tota rasiti lona o ile a re ka mor'a hore tshebediso ya ea yolks lehe, liphoofolo le mafura meroho. Khutsufatso ea gallbladder le e nkeloa sebaka ke boikhathollo le ho tlatsa sebete sa hae bile. The matla ka ho fetisisa tshebetso ena e hlaha bosiu.

maemo Pathological le lefu gallbladder tšoauoa ka bohloko sebakeng sena le letona subcostal, ka linako tse ling ho epigastrium le pataganeng ts'ebetso ea ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lijo ka collarbone e, ka mahetla e kopanetsoeng 'me e nepahetseng lehare ka mahetla. Ho hlaha le intensification la bohloko o ile a re ka mor'a tsamaiso ya lijo tse hlobaetsang le mafura, mahe, halikiloeng dijo, biri, veine, lino-mapholi, hammoho le mora ts'ehetsana litloebelele le Mokhathala 'meleng tlas'a thothometsa nakong khanna le neuropsychological overvoltage. Leha ho le joalo, ka lefu gallstone ka boithatelo, ho se lebaka totobala, ho ketsahalo e bohloko. Ha dyskinesia tloaelehileng gallbladder bohloko tsamaea le maqakabetsi autonomic, libōpeho tse batang mofufutso, leoto li ba shoohlo, letlalo pallor, hlooho e opang le ba bang. Hangata, mafu ana a ba teng le belching, ho nyekoa ke pelo, bohloko ka molomo, 'me ba bang.

Ka a hlobaetsang le ho ruruha ea nyooko senya palpation ka tokelo quadrant holimo sharply bohloko. Bohloko, a feteletsoang ke ho hema, e bitsoang letšoao Kera, ba maemong a lutse - letšoao la Murphy, soreness ka effleurage tlaase hammoho le tokelo costal khoro - letšoao Ortner. Matšoao a teneha ka mpeng hape hlaha tabeng ea peritonitis. Ka ho ba teng ha ho ruruha a sa foleng ba senya nyooko e sa etsang ho ba teng ha sona o ile a ikutloa ka palpation ka tokelo quadrant holimo, hammoho le lintlha tse khatello, 'me ha ho na matšoao a cholecystitis.

Khetholla latelang likoli tsa gallbladder le: aplasia - sieo lona, hypoplasia - fokotsa boholo ba eona, atresia - lebaka la ho hloka sebaka, palopedi dystopia. Ho phaella moo, ho na le malformations tse fapa-fapaneng (mohlala, nyooko senya le koba a) etsahalang ho ba teng ha asymptomatic kapa tlelenike cholelithiasis kapa cholecystitis foleng.