Dzhugdzhur Reserve Ayano-Maisky sebakeng sa Khabarovsk Territory: tšimo, limela le liphoofolo

Ka bomalimabe, ba sebetsa ka mafolofolo le ka thata mosebetsing oa monna lefatšeng e bang kotsing pheliso ea phoofolo le limela mefuta e ngata. Ba bang ba bona lahlehileng irretrievably, le ho boloka ba bang ba ne ba libakeng tse khethehileng - mehloli, moo bo-rasaense ba na le monyetla oa ho ithuta le limela le liphoofolo, ke ke a pepesa ho batho. mafolofolo leano tikoloho phehella ke Russia. Khabarovsk sebakeng, ho etsa mohlala, e na le ka sebaka sa eona bakeng sa mehloli tšeletseng, eo ka kakaretso ithorisa ea bolokelang ba mefuta e fetang sekete e fapaneng ea limela le liphoofolo. Ha mong le e mong o fuoa monyetla bophelong ba ho etela tšimong ea joalo, moo ho na le melao e bonolo ea tlhaho ea ba bohlale le ba. Kahoo kajeno sehlooho se reng sehlooho ea rōna e ne Dzhugdzhur Reserve - kholo ka ho fetisisa ka Bochabela bo Hōle.

Tlhaloso e akaretsang: pokello

Dzhugdzhur Reserve hase oa lefeela nkoa e le kholo ka ho fetisisa, hobane sebaka sa eona e acres fetang makholo a robeli a mashome a mahlano tse sekete. Ka libaka o ile a sireletsa le akarelletsa Bole hectars mashome a mahlano-le likete tse supileng tsa sebakeng metsing. Security libaka ke acres makholo a mabeli le mashome a mahlano tse sekete.

Thahasellisang, empa bafuputsi ela hloko hore Dzhugdzhur boloka tsela ea tlhaho klimate maemo na tse peli lintho tse phelang tikolohong tsoanang - lithaba tundra le lithaba taiga. Boemo ba leholimo ba karolong e ka bophirimela e matla haholo, ho na le ke ho honyenyane pula le mocheso liphetoho tse khafetsa le a hlabang. Ka lebōpong la leoatle, ho fapana le hoo, e tobane le e ngata haholo ea pula, le meea e khafetsa. fogs Natural ke ka nako efe kapa efe ea selemo. Ke tšobotsi e sa pokello, e leng ile a sebeletsa e ba le tshusumetso ya ho bōptjoa ka libaka o ile a sireletsa 'Muso. Ha e le hantle, maemong a joalo, ho na le palo e khōlō ea dimela tloaelehile haholo le liphoofolo.

Dzhugdzhur pokello: sebaka libaka

Moo ke pokello e le mokhoa oa ho fumana moo? Ho kenya libaka sena, o tla hloka ho ea Bochabela bo Hōle ba Federation le Serussia. Bo-rasaense le bo-rahistori ba lumela hore libakeng tsena ruileng ka ho fetisisa 'me linaheng tse ngata ka bopa mehloli ho boloka e hloekile libaka tsena senyeha. Ka mor'a hore a shoeloe ke botle ena enchanting tla ba le ho lahleheloa ke irreparable, e leng tla fetola kaofela Fihla Hokae ka Bochabela.

Russia lilemong tsa morao tjena, o leka ho nka tlhokomelo ya tshireletso ya naha sireletsoa. Ka lebaka leo, tse ka bang mashome a mararo lilemong tse ka hare ho naha ho na le libakeng tse nang le maemo a khethehileng naha. Ayano-Maisky sebakeng fetohile sebaka seo ho sona ho thehoa ho kholo ka ho fetisisa hara Khabarovsk mehloli Territory, eo ea e-ba sehlooho ea sehlooho kajeno rōna.

Natural Reserve Area

"Dzhugdzhur" State Nature Reserve, ha re ntse re le hloekisitse koahela sebakeng seo ka toka ka bophara. Ho e teng e lebōpong la Leoatle le Okhotsk, koahela naha le lihlekehlekeng tse 'maloa.

Dzhugdzhur orilla hore arola pokello ea likarolo tse peli, e leng tšusumetso e chesehang ea mafolofolo ka sebōpeho sa sebaka seo. Mong le e mong ea tlang mona ka lekhetlo la pele, ho khahloa ke botle ba naha ena e lithaba, tseo hangata li fana ka bath tšoanang ho Alps.

Molao Reserve e arotsoe likarolo tse tharo kapa lihlopha:

• Ka Malmo sehlekehleke sena.
• E lebōpong la leoatle.
• Dzhugdzhur.

E mong le e na le litšobotsi tse ba lona, hammoho le limela le liphoofolo.

A phaella moo, orilla, fetelang naha, ke mohloli oa sebopeho sa tse peli tse feletseng ke ua tšoanang le e mong le e tse ling tse libakeng tsa tlhaho. E ka boroa-bochabela ho thata haholo ho kena, 'me e fumaneha ka megalana mabopong lithaba. Karolo ea bobeli ke sehlaba moo ho na le palo e khōlō ea maralla, maporogo le lithaba.

History la pōpo ea pokello ea

Ayano-Maisky sebakeng thahasello zoologists morao ka selemo mashome a mane karolo ea bohlano ea tse lekholo tse fetileng. Pele ho bo-rasaense bohle tšoenyehile ka baahi ba linku bighorn, le hore e ne e ho hlokahala hore ho ka potlako nka litlamong tsa lona. Nako le nako zoologists hatisitsoeng hlokometse'ng bona ea liphoofolo tse tikolohong eo 'me ka matla kgothaletswa ho bōptjoa ka libaka khethehileng, e leng ne e tla ba tlas'a tšireletso ea naha.

Ka 1984, mosebetsi oa qala ka ho qapa bokamoso ba pokello ea. moeeng ile behiloeng tlhokomelong ea Professor S. S. Harkevicha. Nakong ea lilemo tse hlano, o ile a le bathusi ba hae se ile sa etsa mosebetsi ka sebopeho sa sireletsoa sebakeng meeli. Ka lebaka leo, mosebetsi oa hae o ne a mo amohetseng le ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho bopa pokello ea.

Letsatsi molao a qalang ho e nkoa e le la 10 September, 1990. Hoa thahasellisa hore nakong ea lilemo tse leshome le metso e supileng la teng Dzhugdzhur Reserve mohla fetohile batsamaisi. Disputa moeta-pele oa libaka tsena ke Chung Ho Bakoa.

Selemo ka mor'a hore thehoeng lona Dzhugdzhur Reserve atolosoa sebaka sa eona, Leoatle la Okhotsk e se khomaretse e. Ha nako e ntse, e lintho tse bonahalang le botekgeniki botlaaseng ba libakeng tsena e ile ntlafalitsoeng, 'me pokello ea ha e hang o ile a fumana dithuso tsa ditjhelete tse eketsehileng ho tswa ho naha.

Maikemisetso le mesebetsi ea pokello ea

Ho thata ho feteletsa karolo e bapaloang ke Dzhugdzhur Reserve. mefuta e sireleditsweng ea limela le liphoofolo lia ikhetha ka litsela tse ngata, ka lebaka leo, li hloka ho ithuta ka hloko le paballo. Ho feta moo, ho hloka sekoli tsa linōka lithaba, ho fana ka inflow tsa matšoele metsi ka Okhotsk leoatle, sebaka qetello. Ho phaella moo, ba bangata ba linokana tsena di spawning. mola o khethehileng ka morero oa thuto e beuweng pokello ithuta le paballo ea meru lithaba. Moemeli atileng ka ho fetisisa tseo ka tsona - Ayan boea. Ke motlotlo oa sebele oa Leoatle Okhotsk 'me ka hloko sirelelitsoe ke mmuso.

Mesebetsi Dzhugdzhurski pokello e tjena:

• phethahatso ea libakeng tse sireletsa paballo ea mefuta le dimela;
• khanna lipatlisiso ka pokello ea;
• boalosi tikoloho;
• sebetsa ka thuto tikoloho;
• thuso mafolofolo ba lokisetsa ho ea cadres saense le litsebi lefapheng la ekolotsi.

Nka rata ho ela hloko hore le mathata a pokello ea tsamaiso tsoeroe ke lefu la.

Eco-bohahlauli

Reserve ntshetsopele le khothalletsa eco-bohahlauli, se tšoanelang eketsehileng e atile har'a Marussia lilemong tsa morao tjena. Mona 's joang hore a tsamaee ka libaka tse arohaneng kapa khanna pokello kaofela ka ho feletseng. Boemong bofe, u tla ho bona. Ka ho fetisisa ratoa har'a bahahlauli ba libaka tse latelang:

letšeng Baykalenok

Ho ke ke ha ho letho le e joalo bolella thaetlele, hobane metsi a eona e le joalo ka ho hlaka hore ho ke ke ha tlaasana ho "Mor'abo rōna o" oa hae e moholo.

noka Selenda

E qala leeto lona phahameng lithabeng 'me o na le e nang le khutso, empa ka potlako e ba ho feta tellang tlhaku le noisily hula ka kotloloho ho tsoa lefikeng, roba hang phunya lesoba ka limithara tse' ngoe le halofo. sebonoang sena ke feela ke ke ha khoneha ho lebala, ho captivates mong le e mong ba ileng ba bona ka mahlo a ka.

Tsipadinskie lehaheng

galleries tsena e meholo bakeng sa bafuputsi lehaheng, ba bopilwe ka kalaka hlollang e ntle, 'me mona hangata ho na le liemahale sebele oa stalactites le stalagmites.

The noka moo spawn tlhapi

Haeba u e-s'o bone tlhapi tluoa tabeng ea ho spawn, re u eletsa hore u ho ba ka nako ena 'me Aldoma Lantar linōka. Mona ka sekepe sockeye litlhapi tsa salmon le eo bonoa ka ho hlaka ka metsi a hlakileng. hangata ha ho, ke e ngata ea bona ea ho bahahlauli, esita le ke ke ha khoneha ho bona botlaaseng ba nōka, hobane tlhapi e tsoelang pele le ka ho sa feleng le letšo-letšo phallo.

letšeng Antykan

Mona rata ho tla novice le lifoto 'ona. Ba thabela ho lokisa khamera ka linonyana eo khethileng ke pond le mafika a lebōpong la leoatle. Lake Bowl ka boeona e na le sebopeho o molelele o le shebahala joaloka laguna ntle. E le bophara ba letšeng e hlakang haholo, ka nako e lona bolelloa batho ba bangata e le limithara tse fetang tse makholo a mararo, 'me ka e moqotetsane - ha ho ho feta dimitara tse lekholo.

Thathamisa botle bohle Dzhugdzhurski pokello ke ke ha khoneha. Empa lebisa tlhokomelo e khethehileng lokela ho lefshoa limela lona le liphoofolo, eo hona joale re bua.

Dzhugdzhur pokello: Dimela

Sebakeng seo ho na le 'ngoe feela ea mofuta oa eona le kholo ka ho fetisisa ho feta ho feta tse ling ho boloka ho Khabarovsk Territory. Ho ea ka bo-rasaense, limela e emeloang ke semela mefuta le makholo a supileng a mashome a mahlano-tharo. Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore boemo ba leholimo ea moo ke ho ena e matla, dimela bophelo sireletswa sebakeng ruileng ka ho fetisisa. Tabeng ena, dimela mashome a mararo-a mararo e ne e akarelletsa ho Red Book tsa Khabarovsk Territory, 'me ka likhoeli tse tseletseng a kena ka Red Book la Federation le Serussia. Mohlala, valerian Ayan hlokomela mong le e mong ya ditokomane tsena. dimela tse ngata li fumanoa kae kapa kae moo e mong lefatšeng ba tloaelehile haholo.

ka ho teba haholo botanists ithuta ena dimela phaene Ayan. Ntle, ho bonahala joaloka phaene tloaelehileng, empa hape e sebetsa ho subspecies e fapaneng. Bophahamo ba lifate finyella limithara tse mashome a mane, 'me bona potoloho bophelo ka linako tse ling fihla lilemo tse makholo a mahlano. The bophara tsa kutu bohareng hangata ranges ho tloha limithara tse lekholo.

E ntse e hōla Ayan phaene libakeng tseo e ngata pula le lehlabula batlang e le pholile. Hoa thahasellisa hore semela sena e ba thata ho fumana limithara tse fetang tse makholo a mane ho tloha leoatleng le leoatle metsi. Lithabeng, phaene o ikutloa e le molemo haholo, ho ka hōla ho ba bolelele ba limithara tse makholo a mahlano. Meru thehoa ke lifate tsena ke le haufi le ho fela. Sena se etsa hore ho rema lifate le mafolo-folo ho rengoa ha lifate lihlopha. Ntho feela eo boloka mofuta ona - ho thata ho finyella libaka ea ho hōla. Ba feela Ayan phaene ka hōla ka tsela e sireletsehileng.

Thoko batla ho u bolella ka disilipara mofumahali e, semela sena e ne e le hang tloaelehileng haholo morung boreal, empa hona joale o akarelletsa Red Book.

taiga mametsana

Lady o disilipara Grandiflora - sena ke dimela o sa tloaelehang oo o tšoaneloa ke ho phela lefatšeng. Hangata e bitsoa mametsana e nang ba bang ba lokeloe. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, ha semela ke ea lelapa mametsana.

Hoa thahasellisa hore ho na le lipalesa tse khōlō symbiosis ka mefuta itseng ea li-fungus. motso ea sona e hahuoa butle feela, likarolo tse ling tsa semela ka boemo ba ba bang kaofela ka eo e tšehetsoa ke likolone sekhukhu li-fungus. Ho makatsang ke hore disilipara pele lipalesa mofumahali e mong o ile a re ho ba leshome - lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano ka mor'a kgolo ya peo.

Ka nako eo, oa mofuta ona bolokoa feela ka mehloli mofuta naheng ea Russia Federation, eo ho na le leshome le metso e meraro likoto. Ka mafolofolo hlaolela ena semela sa tloaeleha lirapa botaniki, e thusa hore ho ntshetsopele ya mefuta e mecha.

Phoofolo Mpoloke khotso

Ka naha ea Dzhugdzhurski pokello ke lehae la ka holimo ho makholo a mabeli le leshome le motso mefuta. Tse ling tsa tsona tse lekholo le mashome a tšeletseng mefuta tšeletseng tsa linonyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang le mefuta e mashome a mane a metso e 'meli. Hangata ka ho fetisisa ka pokello ba sootho bere le girl manga. liphoofolo tsena phela haholo ka bolokolohi linaheng tse sireletsoa. Ha ba na le lithaka tsa hao, 'me e fetisisang boholo ba libatana, ka ho phethahetseng ikatisa le lenyele hōlileng ka bana.

Ha ho ka tlaase ho moo li neng li atile le capercaillie, ho ke ke e mong oa mefuta e sa o tloaelehileng haholo oa linonyana ka pokello ena. Ho na le 'mala o lefifi le fepa haholo-holo ka dimela lijo. Ka linako tse ling e ba liphofu invertebrates. Wingspan ea ba batona ba maemong a mang ho feta mithara 'ngoe.

Hlollang thabo har'a bahahlauli ke tiiso ringed. liphoofolo tsena li atisa ho "sunbathing" ka lilomong mabopong. Ba sa tšabe batho, kahoo ba ile ba ka nka litšoantšo, thonaka feela pota sekhutlo. Ho thahasellisang ke hore tiiso ringed - phoofolo e mong. Ho khetha ho phela le tsoma ka thoko ho beng ka bona. Ka linako tse ling ke bahahlauli ke ke ra bona sehlopha eohle ea liphoofolo tsena tse hlollang bekha ka supileng a metso dikilogeramo. Empa hangata motho ea maemong a joalo le sehlopha ha beng ka rōna, 'me feela e neng e le holim' a lefika le 'ngoe.

Se ke la lebala hore qalong rerile ho bopa le pokello bakeng sa ho sireletsa linku bighorn. Ena ke liphoofolo tse thahasellisang haholo hore phela polanete ea rōna e ho lumeloang ka bang makholo a lilemo tse sekete. Ka kamoo ho hlokahalang ho bolella hloko.

le linku tse ling bighorn

Kwa, pheleu ha se fapaneng ho hongata ho bona tribesmen-'moho le eena. O na le hahe sebaka mahareng, ha ba batona ha feta omellang ea mitha e mong. hlooho phoofolo ke che, ke kgolo, litsebe le atisa ho ka thata-thata petelitsoe ho lehata la.

Bighorn le linku tse ling masapo, archaeologists fumanoa libakeng tse sa tšoaneng tsa Kamchatka le Sakhalin, lilemo tsa bona e ngotsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng ho tloha mashome a mane tse sekete ho lilemo tse lekholo tse sekete. Empa ho fetoha ha tlelaemete e fetohile haholo le mefuta e fapaneng ya habitats ea liphoofolo. ha e le hantle hore linku tlelaemete loketseng eo lehloa sekoahelo sa eona e ka tlase ho disentimetara mashome a mane. Ho seng joalo, phoofolo ke ke ba khona ho hlahisa lijo tsa bona ba tla shoa ke tlala. Fokotsa tšimo tikoloho haholo fokotswa ea baahi ba mefuta e, e leng monehelo entse, 'me monna ea neng hloka mohau timetsoa liphoofolo.

Ho latela zoologists, linku bighorn ja mefuta e fetang tse makholo a mararo tsa dimela. Treats bakeng sa liphoofolo li silafalitsoe li-fungus le microorganisms fapaneng. E sebeletsa e le mohloli oa protheine le divithamini.

About mashome a mane lilemong tse fetileng palo ea baahi ba linku bighorn a ne a le haufi le ho fela. Libakeng tse ling baahi ba ba ne ba sa fete batho ba lekholo lesometlhano. Ka boemo a sebetsang a mofuta ona wa fetola boemo ba 'me hona joale o ile a pepesa ho kotsi bonyane. ka lilemo tse tharo tse fetileng ea baahi ba Federation ea Russia se feta liphoofolo tse supileng a metso sekete.

Haeba u kile ua iphumana u le sebakeng Khabarovsk, re ho kgothaletsa u ho etela Dzhugdzhur Reserve. Mona o fumana monyaka seng mohla e kileng ea bonngoe le tlhaho, e leng ka nako e telele o tla u tšehetsa ka tsela e tloaelehileng bophelong motse.