Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng ea khoebo eo. Kgopolo, e le hantle le tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng

Tsitsitseng thepa - e mong oa thepa ea motheo e bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tlhahiso. Li emela sete ya makgabane hore na poleloana e reng bonahalang le sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho ea mosebetsi o boima bakeng sa ka nako e telele kapa makhetlo a 'maloa. Ka tsela eo mofuta oa bona tsa tlhaho sa fetole, le theko e isoa ho bōptjoa dihlahiswa le ditshebeletso. Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng e phethahatsoa ka mabaka a 'maloa. Ka hona, le ho hlophisoa ha bona ho tse fapa-fapaneng haholo.

bopa dikgopolo tsa tsebagatswe

Khopolo ea thepa e tsitsitseng - e mong oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa le boikarabello. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa dintho hore ea kopana le tobileng tse latelang:

• Sebedisa tshebetso ya ho theha dihlahiswa, litšebeletso, mesebetsi, hammoho le bakeng sa litlhoko tsa amanang le khamphani ya taolo.
• Bophelo tšebeletso ea selemo bonyane le nngwe.
• Tlhokeho ya kgwebo rerile ho resell ntho.
• Hore na ntho e na le matla a ho tlisa matlotlo khampani nakong e tlang.
• Litšenyehelo ka hodimo ya boleng itseng. E ne e akarelletsa lintho tse boleng ba fetang 40.000 li-ruble tloha 2006 ka yuniti.

Tlhaloso le tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng, hammoho le litšobotsi tse ba bona ba boletsoeng ka Melawana ka boikarabello amohetsweng ke Lekala la Lichelete. E bitsoa "e tsitsitseng Thepa" le e khutsufalitsoe le palo - AR 6/01.

The sete ya thepa eohle e tsitsitseng tšoaroa ka lakane ho leka-lekana, e bopa e le setsi ea theknoloji le etsang qeto ea hore le matla a tlhahiso.

Sepheo mokhatlo oa

Tsitsitseng thepa ba le bophelo bo bolelele ho sona ba leng ka tshisinyo kamehla. bophelo ba bona potoloho qala ka kenoa ho kgwebo ya. Joale, ka buuoa, butle-butle ba tsofala, ba tlas'a ho lokisa, ho etsa motsamao wa mmele ka hara mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng. Ka lebaka leo, thepa e tsitsitseng ba felisoa ho tswa ho khampani e loketseng ho dilapidation kapa ho hloka bokgono tsa tšebeliso eketsehileng.

Ho eketseha ha ho ka bokgoni ba ho sebelisa ha bona e finyelloa ka ho eketsa nako le mosebetsi oa battlefield, fokotsa Nako ea phomolo, eketsa tlhahiso le khumo.

The mefuta lintho ka tshebetso ho hlahisoeng

Ho na le ke tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng ka ho ba le seabo bona ka tshebetso tlhahiso. Motheong ena, mefuta e 'meli lintho o ile a hlalosa ba hlaheletseng:

• ho etsa thepa;
• bao e seng e behang.

Mofuta oa pele oa mesebetsi ea lekala la tlhahiso ea lintho tse bonahalang. beha dintho joalo ameha tshebetso difeme ka makhetlo-khetlo. Butle-butle ba tsofala. theko ea bona e ka isoa sehlahiswa hlahisoang. Sena se etsahala hangata ka ho sebelisoa.

The mofuta bobeli ha e kenya letsoho ha ho ho etsa joalo tlhahiso. Litsenyehelo tsa ho ba thepa e tsitsitseng nonproductive disappears ka tshebediso ya. Li akarelletsa mehaho e nehetsoeng ho matlo kapa le setso le sechaba morero le ngolisitsoeng ka ho leka-lekana ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng. Ha ba ba le phello e ka ho toba ka bophahamo ba modumo ea tlhahiso, empa tsela e sa tobang ama tshebetso. Tse amanang le tsona ke ntlafatso ea boiketlo ba basebetsi le ho tsosa tekanyetso ea bona ea ho phela. Ka lebaka leo, ho na le le phello e ntle ka tshebetso ya ya mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng.

karolo e phethoang

Sebōpeho le tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng lekanya boikarabelo ba bona ba ka ho tshebetso mosebetsi o boima. Ba hlalosang bokgoni ba kgwebo ka tlhahiso. ba boetse ba bontša boemo le boholo ba libetsa botekgeniki sebetsa. Augmentation ea thepa e tsitsitseng e tla eketseha lipalo tsena. Tlhabololwa le ntlafatso ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng ka ho fokotseha ha ditjeo tsa mosebetsi o boima, ho eketseha tlhahiso le fokotsa ditjeo tlhahiso.

Ka likhoebo mehla dipalopalo ho bontsha ho ba teng le motsamao oa sepheo sa reassessment bona. Khanna sampole dipatlisiso.

dinomoro

Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng ho etsahala ho ea ka mofuta ba bona 'me morero oa hae. Ho finyella sena, re ba qapa difounu khethehileng. E bitsoa Classification National ha thepa e tsitsitseng (OKOF). Ho e kenyelelitsoe tsamaisong ea se nang molekane ea tlhophiso le tsoaneng e ya botekgeniki, ea moruo le ea sechaba lesedi (USCC).

li entseng ka eona o nahanela Serussia le tsa machaba le melao ea tsamaiso, melao le melao ea tsamaiso ka boikarabello le tlalehelang.

Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng e phethahatsoa ka lik'hamphani tsohle le mekhatlo ho latela OKOF. tataisong ena e na le tlhahisoleseding ho thusa ho rarolla mathata a bohlokoa. Sebopeho le tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng, boemo ba bona, karo-karolelano-moholo, motse-moholo oa mosebetsi o boima karo-karolelano, khutle ka thepa, e kgothaletswa maemo a lokisa motse-moholo - ena ke karolo feela ea entsprechen ho khetholloa ka OKOF.

beha dintho tse bonahalang

thepa e tsitsitseng li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli: bonahalang le intangible. Ho itšetlehile ka hore morero oa tsona 'me li sebelisa ka mesebetsi ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng.

Kahoo, tlhophiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng ho sehlopha lintho tse bonahalang e akarelletsa lintho tse latelang:

1) Batho bao e seng tsa bolulo le mehaho e. Tsena ke beha dintho bao morero oa - ho ho etsa maemo a mosebetsi, polokelo ea thepa tse bonahalang. Ena e boetse e akarelletsa mehaho e le ea bohlokoa sechabeng le setso. Mohlala, ho na le mehaho fektheri, polokelo, pompa liteishene le dilaboratiriamong.

2) Residential meaho. Ke habohlokoa ho utloisisa hore sehlopha sena se akarelletsa ho beha dintho tse sa reretsoe feela bakeng sa tsa bodulo nakoana.

3) Dibopeho. tlhophiso sehlopha sena sa kgwebo tsitsitseng thepa e amana le boenjiniere le kaho e ho etsa bonnete ba ho kenya tshebetsong tshebetso tlhahiso. Tabeng ena, ba ile ba ba ba utloisisa ka dibopeho tse arohaneng, ho akarelletsa le lisebelisoa tse mo etsa e mong. Mohlala: marokho, liliba oli, lipeipi.

4) mechine le thepa. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa le disebediswa tse reretsoeng ho fetola boitsebiso, matla le thepa. Classification ya kgwebo letlotlo dishere ntho ena ka subgroups:

• Matla a mechine le thepa. Sena se akarelletsa mehaho e tse hlahisang kapa sokolla matla.
• Ho sebetsa mechine le thepa. Hona ho kenyeletsa tsohle thepa ea theknoloji.
• Information thekenoloji thepa - elaborate, polokelo mecha ea litaba, thepa ea ofisi, thepa ea puisano.

5) Transport bakeng sa thepa e tsamaeang le batho: likoloi, locomotives, likepe, leqhoa qartulad, libese, lik'haravene, lifofane.

6) Industrial le ba ntlo ea thepa. Pele mofuta setshelo sebediswa bakeng sa polokelo ya sephalli, lik'hontheinara tse bonahalang tse ngata, hammoho le thepa ea ka tlung entsoe ho bebofatsa tshebetso difeme. The mofuta bobeli lintho tse sa sebelisoa ka ho tshebetso tlhahiso. Mohlala, lintho tse ba oache mollo-morero.

7) behang, ho ikatisa, sebetsa liphoofolo. Sena se akarelletsa liphoofolo tseo ka makhetlo kapa tswelela pele sebelisoa bakeng sa lihlahisoa leha e le efe. Mohlala, likhomo, likamele, linku. Hape, sehlopha sena se akarelletsa balemi liphoofolo. Sena ha se kenyeletsa ba banyenyane le likhomo tsa polao.

8) Perennial lenngoeng. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa tse fapa-fapaneng libaka tse tala. Ka mohlala, lifate phakeng, limela, eaba ba etsa alleys.

thepa bonahaleng

Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng thepa Intangible kenyeletsa thepa ea kelello, Software k'homphieutha, thekenoloji phahameng, theknoloji liindasteri, databases, ditshenyehelo tsa morolo matlotlo matsoai. Ke hore, sehlopha sena se akarelletsa ho beha dintho hore na mofuta o 'meleng.

ntle le mabaka a

Classification le sebōpeho sa thepa e tsitsitseng beheletse ka thoko thepa sebopeho bona tjena:

• lintho tsohle tsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea ka tlaase ho selemo e mong.
• Items costing ka tlase ho 40.000 li-ruble ka yuniti. Ka nako ena ho ke ke bohlokoa ho etsa pehelo. Temo mechine, kaho matla lisebelisoa, e behang le likhomo sebetsa ke chelete e khōlō, esita le haeba bohlokoa ba 'ona e ka tlaase ho palo e boletseng.
• dibopeho nakoana, lisebelisoeng, sesebediswa. Litsenyehelo tsa ho ba kaho ba bona ba akarelletsa ditjeo holim'a lihlooho 'me ba qosoa ka ho theko e haha le ho instola tse.
• Mechine le thepa, tse ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka lihlahisoa qetile ka polokelo, ka kangoo kapa kenngoa tlhomamiso.

Mefuta Sepheo likarolo ka mosebetsi a moruo

Classification ha thepa e tsitsitseng allocates har'a bona ka likarolo tse peli ho itšetlehile ka karolo ea bona ka mosebetsi moruo kgwebo ya. mechine e joalo, ho sebetsa le thepa, mehaho botekgeniki, ho lekanya liletsa le lisebelisoa tse ameha ka ho toba ka ho tshebetso tlhahiso. Ba theha kopanela ka mafolofolo. Meaho le thepa na le phello e sa tobang ka tlhahiso. Ba karolo etseng letho.

Kabelo ea ho kopanela ka mafolofolo ho bontša tekanyo ea bokhabane botekgeniki, maikarabelong, bokhoni ba kgwebo ya. matla a khoheli e itseng ea karolo ka 'ngoe ka khetholloa ho tswa sebopeho ea thepa e tsitsitseng.

sebopeho Production

Kabelo ea sehlopha ka seng lintho ka bohlokoa ba 'ona palo yohle ba tsebahala ka sebopeho tlhahiso. Kamoo a sebetsang a karolo predominates fetang karolo etseng letho, ho itšetlehile ka ka tjhelete e ya khumo ka 1 ruble ha thepa e tsitsitseng.

palo ena e phahameng ka ho fetisisa lik'hamphani le thepa e ntle botekgeniki. Sebopeho tlhahiso ea thepa e tsitsitseng ha ho tšoane esita le ka likhoebo ho indasteri e tšoanang.

Ka Engineering le kopanela ka mafolofolo, 'me hangata ka tlase ho 50%. The matla a khoheli e itseng laola karolo e etseng letho. Ka mohlala, ho haha.

Ho indasteri e oli, ka fapana le hoo, kopanela ka mafolofolo ke 'muso o hlaheletseng. Ho fetisisa ea ho etsa thepa ho indasteri e tšoaroa ka ntle. Tsela ya sehlooho hlahisoeng ha le hlaha ka tsela lilibeng, lipeipi. Ke hore palo ea ba kopanela ka mafolofolo ha thepa ho e tsitsitseng laola etseng letho.

lilemo sebopeho bakeng sa sepheo se hape bath. Ho ea ka thepa hae tsitsitseng li aba ho ea ka lihlopha tsa lilemo ka dikgao tsa lilemo tse hlano. mosebetsi o itseng oa bohlokoa ke ho thibela mehaho e ka tsela e feteletseng botsofali.

Mefuta Sepheo ka tekanyo e tsa tšebeliso

Classification le sebōpeho sa thepa tsepame paramethara kang tekanyo e tsa tšebeliso, ka tsela e latelang:

• Bafo tse tshebetso. Sena se akarelletsa thepa eohle e tsitsitseng, ngolisitsoeng ka lakane ho leka-lekana.
• Bafo ba tse ka pokello - thepa e tsitsitseng, nakoana decommissioned.
• Ka dintho ho tsosolosa, leeme felisoa.
• Beha dintho ka sireletseha.

Mefuta ntho e disebediso

Sets bakeng sa matlotlo a tsitsitseng a classified e le e latelang:

• ba ruilweng ke khamphani;
• sebakeng taolo tshebetso le tsamaiso ya moruo;
• hirisetsa ntle tokelo ea topollo.