Bristol Bay: tlhaloso, libōpeho, lifoto

Bristol Bay, e leng sebaka sa 83 sq. M. km SE, teng karolong e ka boroa-bochabela ea Leoatle Bering (Leoatle la Pacific) ka lebōpong le ka boroa-bophirimela ho Alaska. O ka leboea moeli o ne o ke ke ha Nyuenhem Cape, South - Alaska Hloahloeng le sehlekehlekeng sa Unimak, tseo li koahetsoe le lithaba le seretse se chesang maralla.

tšobotsi

E le hore ho fumana Bristol Bay ka 'mapa oa lefatše, o tla hloka pele ho fumana k'honthinente - Amerika Leboea. Le karolong e ka leboea-bophirimela ea sebaka sena ea metsi le hona teng. Monyako ho Bay o na le bophara ba 480 Km. Thomello e fokolang, e ka nka feela likepe tse nyenyane tsa batšoasi ba litlhapi. Metsi sebakeng seo "fokotsa" ka hare ho naha bakeng sa 320 Km. Botebo ha e ka karolelano 27-55 limithara tse, ka kholo ka ho fetisisa beisine, sena palo e se e eketsehile ho 84. The maqhubu a leoatle e lebōpong - e mong oa phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba lefatše. ka linako tse ling ho feta limithara tse 10. A palo e kholo ea liphororo le Shoals tsamaya thata, haholo-holo nakong meea e matla le khafetsa moholi, e etsa hore sebaka seo kotsi haholo bakeng sa likepe tse khōlō.

Sheba histori

lilemo tse leshome le motso likete tse fetileng, Bristol Bay mapeng ne e le nyenyane haholo. A karolo e khōlō ea teng ea hae e ne e le naha e le litho tsa biogeographical sebakeng - Beringia (borokho naha pakeng tsa Asia le Amerika Leboea). Ebe Alaska bajaki ba pele ba ile ba fihla - baholo-holo ba Maindia le Paleo-Asiatics. Ka 1778, Bay ile ha sibolloa ke James Cook, ea bitsoang ka tlotla ea ho Admiral Earl la Bristol. Ka 1790 o ile a bonahala e lebōpong la nako e Russia ho fedisa, 'me ka halofo e qalang ea lekholo la lilemo la XIX - fuputso mokha oa Russia-American Company. E neng e hlahloba 'me o ile a hlalosa lebōpong la Bay, e le hore' mapa ntse mabitso a mangata Serussia.

Features

Haeba u fumana Bristol Bay 'mapeng, u ka bona hore ke ntho e batlang e le ea lefeela linōkeng robong kgolo: Cinder, Nushagak, Igedzhik, Kvichak le ba bang. Molomo oa ea boholo ba le melapo ea metsi le liliba tse nyenyane ba sebakeng lebōpong tlaase ho bua leshano ka leboea le libakeng tse tebileng metsi. Linōka theoha lithabeng. Le ka finyellang e ka tlaase ea phalla ka mokhoabo, sebakeng seo se nang le lifate. Koung kholo ka ho fetisisa - Kvichak le Nushagak.

ho fedisa

Mabopong metsana kholo ka ho fetisisa - Dillingham, King Salmon le Naknek. palo yohle baahi bona (Maindia, makhooa le mestizos) ha e feta likete tse hlano. metsana senyenyane sa batšoasi ba litlhapi ba - the Inuit, Athabascan le Aleuts - hasane ho pota le lebōpo la leoatle. Bristol Bay ntse ke hoo e ka bang sa angoang ke tsoelo-pele. Ka lona mabōpong na ha e se noka matamo, a fehlang motlakase matla a limela le moru clearings. Hape habohlokoa ho hlokomela ke hore ha ho na litsela. Feela lebōpong la leoatle ke lehae la batho ba ka bang 7500, eo 66% Aboriginal.

Flora le liphoofolo

Bristol Bay Amerika Leboea hammoho le melomo ea linōka tsena ea lefatše ho ea kholo ka ho fetisisa sockeye litlhapi tsa salmon spawning, o etla ho tse seng kae ka mor'a libeke tse seng le se seng nakong ea lehlabula ka ka tjhelete e ya 30-40 milione linonyana. Ntle ho lona, ka hara sebaka metsi a spawning Chum le coho le chinook. Ka linōka tsa trout tse ngata le Grayling, ja caviar sockeye. Ka Pike tloaelehileng ka leboea, trout le Dolly Varden. liphoofolo tse anyesang Marine ba emeloang ke liqibi, walruses, otters leoatle, beluga le 'molai maruarua.

Liphoofolo le limela tse tloaelehileng tsa lebōpong la sebakeng phetoho pakeng tsa le taiga le tundra. Ka meru le mekhoabo ho fumanoa sootho le ba batsho libere beaver, linōkō, wolverines, otters, liphiri, liphokojoe, likhama. Ka metsi leo ho ahiloeng ho ke mefuta e mengata ea waterfowl, 'me har'a carnivores kholo ka ho fetisisa - ntsu lefatla le ntsu lefatla.

Fishing - sebaka ka sehloohong

Industries emeloang khoebo lik'hamphani ho tšoasa litlhapi le tlhapi e lokisa, ho fana ka 75% ba mesebetsi tikolohong eo. mefuta e mene ea litlhapi tsa salmon e hlahisitseng mona, etsang 40% ba tšoasa liindasteri United States 'me e mong-ea boraro ea tlhahiso bohle ka Alaska metsi. Bristol Bay hohela palo e khōlō ea anglers (ka 37 sekete. Per selemo), ka morung tsoma e entsweng, le inflow selemo le selemo bahahlauli ba tsoang serapeng sa boikhathollo ea sechaba "Katmai", teng ka lebōpong le ka boroa la Alaska Hloahloeng.

liminerale

Lebōpong boroa ea koung ea sibolla mobung ea oli le khase, empa bakeng sa tshebetso bona ka 1998. moratorium The ile behilweng, tlosoa qoso ka 2014. Tšokelo tebileng ka ho fetisisa ho ekolotsi ea Gulf ke merero bakeng sa Pebble meepo khonsotiamong, e lebōpong la tsa utolola anomalies Geological, ho akarelletsa le, mohlomong, e kholo ka ho fetisisa ka khauta le e mong oa mobung kholo ka ho fetisisa koporo lefatšeng. Ho latela litsebi tsa Bristol Bay "ipata" ka tlas'a lefatše boima ba lithane tse limilione tse 40 tsa koporo, 3300 - khauta le limilione tse 2,8 - molybdenum, ka tlisa pakeng tsa limilione tse likete tse 100 le 500 liranta. Athe chelete ea litlhapi tsa salmon ho tšoasa litlhapi ke $ 120 million ka selemo.

Bakeng sa meepo e rerile ho cheka sekoti le leholo ho bopa litšisinyeho tsa lefatše le kotsi sebakeng matamo a 'maloa ho na le matša a ea litšila tse chefo ho haha lik'hilomithara tse makholo tsa Litsela le haha matla dimela le koung tebileng-metsi. Bakeng sa dikopo liindasteri hloka hoo e ka bang limilione tse 130 limithara tse dikubita tsa metsi ka selemo, e leng tla etsa hore shallowing tsa linōka. bahanyetsi meepo supa 'nete ea hore tlhapi e mohlodi e mpshafatswago, athe meepo qetellong ba cheka lirafshoa le ho timetsa tikoloho ba sebakeng seo.