"Blue Stream" - e le meralong feela khase pakeng tsa Russia le Turkey

"Blue Stream" - lipeipi khase, e leng e sebelisoa ho fana ka khase ho tloha Russia ho Turkey. O feta tlasa Leoatle le Letšo, kahoo bypasses e bolela tse ling. lipeipi kaho e tlatselitse khōlong ea 'marakeng hydrocarbon le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo ka Turkey.

lesedi tsa histori

Ho elella bofelong ba 1997, lihlooho tsa Russia le Turkey, linaha saennweng tumellano ka fanang ka khase. Ho ea ka tokomane e, khampani "Gazprom" e saena konteraka le Turkish khampani "Botas" ka ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha phepelo ka ho toba khase ea tlhaho ho Turkey ka ka tjhelete e ya 365 limilione tse likete tse limithara ³ ka selemo ka lipeipi e. Ho fana ka chelete ena e lokela ho fetoloa ka lilemo tse 25.

Ka 1999, khampani Setaliana "ENI" le "Gazprom" saena pampiri ka tšebelisano-'moho e kopanetsoeng 'me mosebetsi oa ho haha e le meralong feela khase. morero oo o "Blue Stream ile" a qala ho elella bofelong ba 1999, ha Company ne a ena le ngodisitsweng la kopanetsoeng khoebo Blue Stream lipeipi tsa oli e Company BV, eo hona joale e mong wa karolo e mose. "Gazprom" - mong'a naha.

"Blue Stream" (khase) e ile ea hahoa ka June ea 2002, hoo e ka bang 9 likhoeli.

Ya tlhomelo ya meralong ea khase e ile ea etsahala ka 2003. Litšenyehelo kaho e hakanyetsoa ho $ limilione tse likete tse 3.2. Nakong ea selemo, limilione tse likete tse 2 ya dimitara di dikubita tsa khase Russia ile a lopolloa ho Turkey.

The lipeipi khase "Blue Stream" 'mapeng

Ha re nahana ka sebaka sa meralong ea 'mapeng, u ka arola hore e be likarolo tse tharo:

• Russia naha;
• Marine;
• Turkish naha.

"Blue phallo" karete e hlahiswa mona ka tlase.

E leng karolo ea Russia ea meralong ho matha hammoho bohale ba motseng oa Stavropol Izobilnoye. E lateloa ke Krasnodar Territory pele ka. Intša Women Russia ho Black Sea lebōpong le. karolo ena ea phala bolelele ba 373 Km.

Karolo e mose tsoela ka tsela ea ka boroa-bophirimela ho motse oa Samsun, ka Leoatle le Letšo. Bolelele ba karolo leoatle la tsela - ya 396 Km.

Naha Turkish karolong ea lipeipi e - ho u otlolle telele ka ho fetisisa (444 km). Ho matha ho tloha motseng oa Samsun e ka boroa-bophirimela ho Ankara.

litšobotsi tse botekgeniki

"Blue Stream" - lipeipi khase, eo bolelele e ka 1200 km SE. Russia onshore karolo etsahala lithabeng. Karolo e mose ea meralong ho larileng ka ka botebo ba ka bang 2.100 km SE.

The tlase ho Leoatle le Letšo na le dikahare tse phahameng tsa sulfide hydrogen hona, bakeng sa kaho ea joalo tikolohong e e nkoa e le mabifi. Ho thata haholo bakeng sa mosebetsi ona. Ho ntlafatsa tšepahala, moralo sebelisoa ts'enyeho manganga tšepe le polymeric barbotage ka tlhahisong ea lipeipi. Ho boetse e sebelisoa bohlale kenyelletsong.

Bakeng sa kaho ea ea karolo Russia tsa lithaba ho ile ha hahoa lithanele khethehileng feta tlas'a maporogo thabeng le sa Boleloa ka Mabitso Mare. theknoloji ena e ne e sebelisoa ka lekhetlo la pele ka ho Russia. Kotopo bolelele - 3,26 km SE.

A karolo ea khethehileng ea kaho e leshwa ka litekanyo ho sireletsa tikoloho. Mohlala, hammoho le tsela ea lipeipi e ile atlehe naha reclamation, 'me o bolokiloe relic moru nakong ea kaho ea lithanele tlas'a maporogo le.

hanyapetsoa

Khase romelletsoeng ile oa qala ka February 2003. Tlas'a konteraka e reng, "Gazprom" a tlameha ho fana ka lehlakoreng Turkish ka 2003, 2 limilione tse likete tse limithara ³ of khase ea tlhaho, limithara-2004 - se 4 limilione tse likete tse limithara ^3. Ka 2010, ka hona, e bophahamo ba modumo ea phepelo ne e lokela ho eketsehile ho le bokgoni ba palo e kahodimodimo ea lipeipi e - limilione tse likete tse 16 limithara ^3.

Ha e le hantle, le phepelo meqolo ne a batla a ka tlaase ho feta ho ne ho reriloe:

• 2004 - limilione tse likete tse 3.2 limithara ^3;
• 2005 - 5 limilione tse likete tse limithara ^3;
• 2006 - limilione tse likete tse 7,5 limithara ^3;
• 2007 - limilione tse likete tse 9.5 go limithara ^3.

boemo jwale

Ho ea ka mosebetsi oo le bokgoni ba palo e kahodimodimo ea lipeipi e - limithara tse dikhubu limilione tse likete tse 16 ka selemo. Moreki khase, Turkey, hangata kopang meqolo khase ngollana bokgoni lipeipi. 'Nete ea hore Iran o hase kamehla o phethahatsa boikarabelo ba lona ho o fumanela tsona khase ho Turkey. Ka ba boemong bona, e tsoela ho kopana le ho sebedisanwang khoebo le ho buseletsa bakeng sa ho haella ho ile ha hlaha ea Russia "Gazprom". "Blue Stream" e akaretsa nako tlhōrō ea tlhokahalo ea khase ka Turkey, tse amanang le coolings ka linako tse itseng.

litebello

Jwale kotopo e na le makala a mabeli. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 10 lilemo tse ka potso ea lihlooho tsa puisano o hlola ka ho ka moaho boraro. morero oo o ne a bitsoa "Blue Stream-2". Qalong e ne e nahana hore ofisi ea lekala e ncha e tla hahuoa ka nako ho tloha 2010 ho 2015. Leha ho le joalo, mosebetsi o e-s'o ile a qala, e ntse e ntseng.

E rerile hore Russia khase ea tlhaho ho tla nehelanoa ka tsela Turkey le Iseraele le linaheng tse ling tsa Bochabela bo Hare. mosebetsi ona ke ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa Russia ho tswa ho ya ntlha ya moruo ya pono, ho tloha phepelo mafura tla thusa ho nka boemo ba ka sehloohong 'marakeng e ncha. Turkey e boetse ke thahasella ho haha lipeipi tse ncha khase, kaha e ne e tla hlahisa chelete ea kangoo ea lihlahisoa tse tala.

Kenngwa tshebetsong ha morero ona ho thibela boemo bo ea lipolotiki tikolohong eo ka nako e telele e le Iseraele ke ke ha khoneha ho fihla ho tumellano ka khase kangoo ka naheng ea Syria le Lebanone. lefatše ka mathata a moruo, ho joalo le ka theko ea thepa ea eneji, le oang ka potlako. Thata boemo ba le boemo bo jwale lipolotiki Bochabela bo Hare.

"Blue Stream" - lipeipi khase, e leng e ikhethang sebopeho haeteroliki. kaho lona e ne e le bohato ba bohlokoa le lecha historing ea tsoela pele theknoloji. Karolo e khōlō ea eona e teng ka tlase ho Leoatle le Letšo, ho ka botebo ba ka bang 2 km. mosebetsi ona o rata maemo a ke ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa Moruo oa Russia, hobane leboha ho eena, kamoo a phepelo ea khase ea tlhaho ho linaha tsa sebakeng Bochabela bo Hare.