Red steppe bakang ea likhomo: litšobotsi tse, photos, haholo-holo oa ho ikatisa

Red steppe bakang lebese likhomo tataiso e hlalosoa e le e mong oa molemo ka ho fetisisa Soviet Union ea mehleng. Pets ba ka ho phethahetseng ikamahanya le maemo ho tlelaemete omileng ea etelang makala ea steppe. Ha palo ea bakang liphoofolo tse ruiloeng ka lefatše le kotara ea bobeli naheng ea Ukraine le Russia. Likhomo tsa bakang ena e ka fumanoa Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Caucasus.

pale

histori Breeding khale lekholong la bo18 la lilemo yet. Ha a ntse a sabaletseng masabasabeng meholo. fula liphoofolo hore ba sa shoeng ka ho fetisisa, empa ka tlhahiso tlaase. Sebopeho sa naha - e le libaka tse ka boroa tsa Ukraine, hantlentle feta moo, sebakeng seo Zaporozhye. Ke tšoantšetso e bakang sena hlahile ka mabōpong a linōka tsa lebese.

Ho eketsa chai hlokahala lahla-mali phahameng liphoofolo tse ho tenyetseha. Red steppe bakang likhomo (photo photo photo photo ka temana ea) ke bakang khang hlahang ho yona. Litsebi li ntsoe-leng ho e 'ngoe feela - ka pōpong ea kenya letsoho likhomo ecdemic. Ho na le likhopolo tse 'maloa mabapi le hlahang ho yona ho:

• mokhoa ile a sebelisa le mokhoa o sa fellang hapang leketla sefapanong ikatisa Great Seukraine le sebabole mefuta (bobeli ea moo) le likhomo tse khubelu Jeremane;
• ke lehae bakang letsoalloa, eo ho ile ha thehoa lilemo tse 150 tse fetileng 'me bitsoa "kolonistskoy khubelu" kapa "Jeremane Red", lebitso o ile a fumana ho tswa ho la hae - beng ba ralikolone Jeremane;
• ke sefapano pakeng tsa likhomo oa Switzerland le Franconian;
• ke sefapano pakeng tsa liphoofolo tse ling tse - le tronderskoy angelnskoy;
• e rarahaneng mefuta ena ea nyalana ea moo ea bohlooho Seukraine likhomo le khubelu ostfrizslyandskoy pele, 'me joale e mong le angelnskoy, vilstermarshskoy' me ba bang tse ling tse ntseng e tsoela pele ea Europe.

La sephetho le lekholong la lilemo la bo19 la lilemo ho ea mathoasong a drive ea ho lekaneng baahi homogeneous hlapolotsoeng "le". Bakang ile tsa ngolisoa ka 1923, ho qala ho hōla ka mapolasing ho ikatisa tsa USSR ea pele. Red steppe bakang ea likhomo tse Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, palo ea liphoofolo tse ruiloeng se ke a oa mona ka tlase sebaka boraro.

ho ikatisa

Creation le ntshetsopele tse ling tsa ntseng e tsoela pele ho sebetsa ka thata. E inextricably amahanngoa le ntshetsopeleng moruong oa naha, 'me phethile bohlokwa histori. Ho na le mokhelo 'me likhomo tse khubelu steppe bakang. Haholo-holo ho ikatisa ka mekhahlelo pele-pele ba ne ba ka tsela e latelang:

• li ne li khetha ho hlahisa lebese;
• ka hloko khetha liphoofolo tse ka mabaka a tsa molao wa motheo;
• ka mor'a ho tsoaloa ha manamane a hang-hang tlosoa le razdaivali likhomo ntle potsanyane;
• bajaki ba ile ba tiisetsoa hore le kgokahanyo e haufi pakeng tsa tlhahiso le sutu (ho ne ho nahanoa hore le likhomo le lefubedu le le e khubelu-sootho mmala fa chai e moholo), 'me a khetha likhomo le esita le ka motheo oa sena.

Le ka lebaka la nako e telele (ka lilemo tse fetang 100) khetha itseng maemo a klimate e bile ho bōptjoa bakang sehlopha steppe likhomo shoeng lebese khubelu sutu le bokantle bath le tlhahiso e batlang e phahameng.

Misa mechine milking dithulaganyo hlokahalang ho ntlafatsa liphoofolo tse ruiloeng ho ea ka ka litekanyetso tsa sebopeho ka udder le eketsa ka lihlahisoa lebese. Ka 60s ea lekholong la lilemo la mashome a mabeli tse khubelu steppe likhomo li ne li koahela lipoho Angler. Le ho khetha ea liphoofolo tsena hase phoso:

• Ntlha ea pele, mafika na liphatsa tsa lefutso lelapa;
• bobedi ho, ba le mofuta tšoanang ea metabolism;
• le la boraro, ba na le tataiso e tšoanang ea tlhahiso;
• ka bone, angler batho ba na le lebese le phahameng, e leng karolo e khōlō ea mafura dikahare ka lebese, boima ba 'mele ho feta' mele, 'me botlhokwa go feta - molemo ikamahanya le maemo ho mochine milking.

Nakong e tlang, majoe etsoa mali liheloe-Sedanishe. Ka poone e nyalisitsoeng le 90 e meraro pedigree ile a fana ka chai ea ho fihlela ho tse 'nè le halofo ea a etsang dilitara tse sekete tsa lebese le mafura a dikahare ea 3,82%. Ha karolo ea ho qetela ka ho sebopeho sa ponahalo ea kajeno ea liphoofolo ho ile ha phetha Holsteins. E mong le e bakang e setseng letšoao lona:

• likhomo tse khubelu steppe - mamello le ho ikamahanya le maemo ho maemo a ea botlamuoa;
• Angler - ho ikamahanya le maemo a udder le karolo e phahameng ea dikahare mafura;
• "Danes" - tshebediso e telele-a eme 'me chai e phahameng;
• Holsteins - e khōlō 'mele boima, e ntlafetseng ya udder sebopeho ikamahanya le maemo ho mochine milking.

tšobotsi

Ho fihlela joale, liphoofolo tse ling ka ho fetisisa tsa Ukraine, Russia le Kazakhstan. ke Red steppe bakang likhomo eng? Feature:

• le hlahileng ka makholo a lilemo 18-19 ka Ukraine;
• mofuta tlhahiso - lebese;
• re 'mele o omileng, matla motheo;
• lipoho phela boima - lik'hilograma tse 900, likhomo - 400-500 lik'hilograma;
• boima ba 'mele oa manamane a ha a hlaha: heifers - 27-30 lik'hilograma, lipoho - 35-40 lik'hilograma;
• karolelano lihlahisoa tse lefika - 3 500-4 000 lik'hilograma (Plemreproductor - 4 500-6 000 lik'hilograma), le mafura a dikahare ea 3,5%;
• tšebeliso a moruo - 4,74 diabolololo;
• fihla ho ikatisa lilemo litsuonyana ho likhoeli tse 18, le boima ba phele ka ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 320-350.

tlhahiso

Red steppe likhomo bakang bakeng sa lihlahisoa lebese ho nkoa e ntle. Ho baka karolelano lebese ka lihlahisoa mekoloko ho tloha 3500 kg 4000 tsa lebese. Ikatisa mapolasi na sekgahla se hodimo: ke ke ho hlokahala ka karolelano ho tloha 4000 ho le 5000 lik'hilograma, rekordistki khonang ho ho fana ka ho fihlela ho etsang dilitara leshome le metso e likete tsa lebese, le dikahare mafura e ka ba ho fihlela ho 5%.

Chai itshetlehile ka boleng ba makhulo le bolelele ba nako fula. Sephetho molemo ka ho fetisisa ho fihlela ka le zounu ya steppe. Pets nonneng ka lilemo tse tharo ke e motšehali le le leng ka fumana bana ba bane. The khefu pakeng calving ke e nyenyane ho feta selemo (380 matsatsi). Ho thibela ho thunya ho tloha heifers 40 ho matsatsi a 60.

Nama boleng ba bakang le ba tlaase, polao lihlahisoa ha feta 50%. Ha targeted fattening manamane index ea eketseha nama ka lihlahisoa, empa hanyenyane haholo. liphoofolo tse Skeleton bobebe, le mesifa hampe ntshetswa pele. Hola ka nama ea likhomo ha moruong chelete e ngata.

bokantle

Tloaelehileng makgetheng Link bath ea liphoofolo tsa lebese na khubelu steppe bakang likhomo. Tlhaloso ea bokantle:

• poneng bophahamo - 127-132 cm,;
• sefubeng girth -183-190 cm,;
• oblique bolelele - 154-160 cm,;
• metacarpus - 18-19 cm,;
• mala ho tloha khanya e khubelu ho ciliegia lefifi, markings tšoeu ke lumeletsoe;
• mesifa tse underdeveloped;
• 'mele angular, o molelele o;
• omileng molala, e moqotetsane;
• hlooho khanya, hanyenyane o molelele o;
• ka morao e telele le le boreleli;
• maoto a matla, e omeletseng;
• sefubeng moqotetsane, tebileng;
• udder mahareng-boholo bo lekaneng glandular.

tlhokomelo

Red steppe bakang likhomo e fapaneng ruggedness le tlwaetsa ka potlako le maemo a tikoloho. Pets:

• Selemo nako. Khetho molemo ka ho fetisisa - mahala fula ka lekhulo la ka. Location - ka hare ho km 2 tloha polasing. Di a hlomelloa le canopies le ho nosetsa. Hangata e sebelisa kampong ea lehlabula, ka lintlha tse milking.
• Mariha-setolo nako. Liphoofolo li bolokiloe melikong stanchion kapa matlo hlephileng. Maemo a lokela ho iphaphatha le zoogigieny.
• Jang teng. Lekhulo hlokehang ho etsa bonnete ba hore liphoofolo na lijo tse lekaneng, ha ho hlokahala, a fepa lijalo motso le phoofolo e iphepe. Mariha rasio motheo oa - furu, fepa ka e phaella ka ho re, lehlokoa sebelisoa ka silage (ha ho ho feta 25% ya ho ja le), metso, 'me ho hlile ho kenyeletsa a tlatsana le matsoai furu e le lero.
• Thibelo ea mafu. Ente khahlanong le mafu a tšoaetsanoang.
• Tsotelle. Nako le nako tlosoa silafalitsoe ulu liphoofolo, e ngoe le ngoe udder milking ka ho feletseng hlatsoa pele fula nako phethile faolang manaka 'me ba hooves.

Features

Liphoofolo tsa bakang ena le ho ba le le mapolasi a ka seqo e le sebaka Union ea mehleng. Ho khetheha e ratoang haholo ka libaka ea steppe ea Ukraine le Kazakhstan ho Altai, karolong e ka boroa ea Russia. Red steppe bakang likhomo (ulasan pelanggan tsa beng ba lefa a lebisa tlhokomelo ho e) e sa shoeng haholo le hantle ikamahanya le maemo ho maemo a fapaneng a klimate a. Ka tsela e sireletsehileng mamella lehlabuleng omeletseng le e boemo ba leholimo a chesang.

hatisa litšobotsi tsa bakang ho:

• maloetseng a matla pholosa liphoofolo tse ho tloha lefu la seoa ea temo lebese - kankere ea mali;
• ka potlako acclimatization;
• tsela e bonolo ea dikahare;
• ho ba le mamello e babatsehang;
• Good arabelang ho ntlafatsa matlo le fepa;
• phahameng phepo e nepahetseng 'me tatso ea lebese.

Ho tloha mabitso a khale, kajeno le teng lefikeng, o ka ahlola tekanyo ea ho tloaeleha ha bakang ho: Seukraine Kuban, SeKazakh, West Siberia, kulundayskoe (Altai).

direkoto tsa

Ka tse seng kae feela tse mashome-rekordistok likhomo li ne li ngolisitsoe ho qetela halofo la lilemo le litsupa ho:

• ka diabolololo fetang 10 000 lik'hilograma lipakane tsa -14;
• lik'hilograma 9000-9999 ka diabolololo - 32 hlooho.

Lebese mafura a dikahare ke seng ka tlase ho 3,69%. The bongata ba dimela ho ikatisa liphoofolo tse ruiloeng hōlileng ka Ukraine le Kazakhstan. E tloaelehileng hore malapa joalo mohlape oa likhomo lebese ka lihlahisoa boemo ba lik'hilograma 6000. Red steppe likhomo bakang ithorisang rekordistkami hlollang:

• Sefefo 6070:

- ka lihlahisoa - 10 170 lik'hilograma;

- mafura dikahare - 4.0%;

- Agriculture - polasing "Proletarian baahisane", sebaka Zaporozhye, Ukraine.

• Murashka 8890:

- ka lihlahisoa - 10 497 lik'hilograma;

- mafura dikahare - 4,05%;

- temo - ikatisa Plant. Kirov, Kherson sebakeng, Ukraine.

• kopo 1910

- ka lihlahisoa - 11 ho ea ho 100 lik'hilograma;

- mafura dikahare - 4,02%;

- Agriculture - Plant ikatisa "Lubinsky North", Omsk Region, Russia.

• Cloudberry 201:

- tenyetseha lik'hilograma -12.426;

- mafura dikahare - 3,82%;

- Agriculture - Plant ikatisa "Karaganda", Karaganda sebakeng, Kazakhstan.