Nkuwa Cathedral ea Moscow Kremlin

Nkuwa Cathedral ea Moscow Kremlin - jwale sebetsa kereke Orthodox. Sebaka: Cathedral Square Moscow. Ke tempeleng e khōlō ea naha. Ke mohaho khale ka ho fetisisa motseng, eo ka ho feletseng a sireletsa.

A histori e khutšoanyane

Nkuwa Cathedral - ke Ntlo ea Virgin. Kaho ea kereke Dormition Russia e ba neano e qala ka Kiev ea boholo-holo, moo a ileng a le ho Hagia Sophia haha Cathedral ea pele ea ho nkuwa ka Monastery Kiev-Pechersk. Ho boleloa hore ho hlohonolofatsoa haholo Virgin ba feta har'a Litsebi tloha Constantinople khauta 'me a tšepisa ho phela ka tempeleng e sa tsoa hahoa.

Ka lilemo tse 1326-1327, Ivan Kalita hahile pele Lejoe kerekeng e khōlō ka ho Moscow, sebakeng sena, 'me joale ho na le e ne e le khopolo ea Cathedral ea Moscow Kremlin. Esita le pele tempeleng e hahiloeng Ivanom Kalitoy, sebaka sena e ne e le e 'ngoe ea boholo-holo Moscow kereke (lehong mehaho ea lekholong la lilemo la XII).

Nkuwa Cathedral ea Moscow Kremlin e ne e le kereke ka sehloohong Russia ka lilemo tse makholo e le nako e telele e le ba bane. Ho eona o ne a ile a beha mojalefa teroneng, ho eona e tletse liketso tse bohlokoa tsa sechaba, o ile a khetha bapatriareka le metropolitans. Ho na le tse ling tse ngata, mekete e se e seng tsa bohlokoa, tse hlahisitseng toba khopolo ea Cathedral. Moscow tsosoa bapatriareka ba bangata le metropolitans, bakeng sa ba bang ba khopolo ea Cathedral ea e-ba tse ngata 'me sebaka sa lepato. bohle ba mabitleng a bona ba sebakeng hammoho le marako a tempele.

Cathedral Architecture

The meralo ea Cathedral of khopolo e ne e le Mataliana Aristotle Fioravanti, eo ka ho khetheha a memeloa Ivan III. Nkuwa Cathedral ka Kremlin e ile ea hahoa ka 1475-1479 ke sebōpeho sa nkuwa Cathedral of lekholong la XII ka e mong oa ka e moholo Russia metse e - Vladimir.

Main monyako tempeleng ke khale ka ho fetisisa ho tloha Cathedral Square. A boipelaetso litepising lohle monyako tlatsang e-portal bohehang oa ba bararo arches seka-chitja. Moo ke Lengeloi le ka Sehloohong Michael le lengeloi e le ha lebela monyako ho kaho ea kereke e khōlō ea. Feela ka holimo khoro e - litšoantšo tsa bahalaleli, 'me ka holimo ba tšoantšetsa Virgin le Bana ka matsoho a hae. All ena - the frescoes mebala-bala, tse neng li tlala tšobotsi e phahameng haholo ea hōle baetsi ba litšoantšo ba Russia ea lekholong la lilemo la ea leshome le metso e supileng, bao mabitso a lula a sa tsejoeng.

Ka hare kerekeng e khōlō ea, karolo e bohareng e arohane le aletare, iconostasis ea lekholo la ea leshome le metso e supileng (le iconostasis na ba bolelele ba ka bang leshome le metso e limithara tse le e koahetsoeng ka Braille khauta-tlotsitsoe tsa silevera tse), 'me o ile a bolaoa ka 1652 baetsi ba litšoantšo, ka memeloa ho tswa ho-bo-bong-Sergiase Monastery. Ka bomalimabe, ka 1682 ho na le e ne e le mollo o ka kerekeng e khōlō, ka lebaka la tseo a otla aekhoneng e, empa painters borena (Kirill Ulanov, George Zinoviev le Tikhon Filatov) ba 'nile ba atleha ho ntlafatsoa. Ka makholo a lilemo a mangata, kerekeng e khōlō 'na ke painters Russia ya diaekhone. The khale, le letšoao khale, e leng ka kerekeng e khōlō ea - "Saint George", e leng hona teng le letona ka pel'a iconostasis ena.

Kerekeng e khōlō o ne a ikemiseditse futuheloa ke mabotho a French (Ntoa ea 1812 selemo). Karolo ea silevera, e neng e hamorao Russia Cossacks ntse recaptured 'me a khutlela naheng ea habo, o ne a theha chandelier, oo hona joale leketlile bohareng.

Ho boetse ho na le seemahale khale tsa bonono Russia le mesebetsi ea matsoho le ho nkuwa Cathedral ke monyako lona boroa mamati. Ba ile ba tlisoa ho motse-moholo oa Suzdal Cathedral (e leng o bitsoa qalong ea lekholo la le metso e mehlano). Ba khauta (ka e ntšo lacquer) entsoeng ka mashome a mabeli litšoantšo ka sehlooho Bibele.

Cathedral hona joale

Ka mor'a hore Russia Phetohelo ea 1917, khopolo ea Cathedral ile fetoloa musiamong. Basebetsi, ho bōpa kgahlamelo ya maqhubu a, ba leka ho boloka ka hare tsa lona. Le ka 1990 ka khopolo ea Cathedral ne a qalella tšebeletso. Kahoo, hona joale khopolo ea Cathedral ea Moscow Kremlin na tse peli tse mesebetsi e meholo: musiamo le tempele ka boeona.