Moo ke Barents Leoatle? Okamelang, tlhaloso, botebo le mehlodi

Na u tseba moo Barents Leoatle? Ho is located in ka bohale ho Arctic Ocean. Ho fihlela 1853, o ne a lebitso la e mong - Murmansk leoatle. Ho hlatsoa mabōpong a Norway le Russia. Ho bua ka lefelo la Leoatle le Barents, re lokela ho hlokomela hore ho ke ke e fokolang ho Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef le Spitzbergen le lebōpong la leoatle le ka leboea ea Europe. sebakeng lona ke 1424 sq M.. km SE. Coordinates:: 71 ° c. w Le., 41 ° ka. le d. Libakeng tse ling ho Barents botebo leoatle ke 600 m.

Re na le thahasello ka pond beoang ka kontinenteng raka, athe. Mariha, karolo ea eona ka boroa-ka bophirimela ha le hatsele, kaha sena se sitisa le North Atlantic Current. Pechora Sea o bitsoa karolo lona boroa-bochabela. Leoatle le Barents ke ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho tšoasa litlhapi le ho tsamaisa. Mona ke likou tse khōlō - Varde (Norway) le Murmansk. Tsoa ho leoatle ho fihlela ho ea Second Ntoa ea Lefatše 'me o ne Finland: koung feela leqhoa ntle nakong ea mariha e ne e Petsamo.

Ho fihlela joale, sebaka se moo Leoatleng le Barents, ba haholo silafetse. A le bothata bo tebileng ke litšila ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi ho oela eona. karolo ea bohlokoa ho sena e bapaloang ke ea likepe tsa nyutlelie tsa naha, hammoho le Norway, lifektheri kopanela ka sebetsa litšila ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi ka letangoaneng leo, e le Leoatle le Barents. Meeli ea bao e leng e bolela motho ea hae (leoatle raka, athe) ba sa tsoa bile ka taba ea liqabang ea sebaka ka Norway le Russia, hammoho le ba bang ba linaheng tse ling.

Histori ea ho ithuta leoatle

Hona joale u phetele ho eketsehileng ka seo re leng thahasello pond. A re ke re qala ka ya data ba histori ka eona. Ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo, batho ba ne ba tseba moo Barents Sea, le hoja lebitso la e sebelisoa ho ba ba fapaneng. mabōpo a eona ba ne ba lula Sami (Lapps) - Finno-Ugric meloko. The ba Europe ba pele ba ho etela (pele Vikings 'me hamorao Novgorod) bua ka qetellong ea lekholo la bo11 la lilemo. Butle-butle ba ile ba fetoha ka ho eketsehileng khafetsa. Map bo iponahalitseng ka photo photo photo photo mona ka tlase, e qaptjoa ka 1614.

Ka 1853, ho Barents Sea amohetse lebitso la eona le teng ka tlotla ea ho Willem Barents, Hollanti navigator. E le qalo ea ho ithuta saense e ile a qala leeto la lilemo 1821-24, e leng se ileng F. P. Litke. Qalong ea lekholo la bo20 la N. M. Knipovich entsoeng pele e nepahetseng le tlatsa litšobotsi tse lona hydrological.

boemo ba libaka

Re bolelle ho eketsehileng ka lefelo la Leoatle le Barents 'mapeng. Ho e teng ka moeling oa Leoatle la Arctic ho Atlantic. Ke ka thoko ho leqephe metsi sebakeng seo pele. Leoatle le Barents e teng ka 'mapa pakeng tsa lihlekehleke tsa Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya le Vaigach ka bochabela, ka boroa ke fokolang ho lebōpo la leoatle e ka leboea ea Europe,' me ka bophirimela - Bear Island le Spitsbergen. Re na le thahasello ka ho pond e sehelane moeli le ka bophirimela ke Norwegian Sea, ka bochabela - Kara, ka boroa - le tse tšoeu, ha a ntse a ka leboea e potapotoeng ke Leoatle la Arctic. Pechora Sea e bitsoa sebaka lona, teng ho ea ka bochabela ho. Kolguev.

speleo

Ha e le hantle, le Barents Sea lebōpong le pega. Ba matsaranka, e phahameng le e matsutla haholo. The likou kholo ka ho fetisisa ka Barents Sea: Varangian (eo hape a tsejoa e le e Varanger pega pega), Porsangerfjord, Kola Bay, Motovsky Gulf le ba bang Mosambik naha ho ea ka bochabela ho hloahloa ea Kanin dinmr fetola haholo.. Kokobela le hangata hampe indented mabōpo a eona. Ho na le 3 kgolo tebang likou: Khaipudyrskaya, Pechora le Czech molomo. Ho phaella moo, ho na le tsena tse 'maloa tse nyenyane coves.

Islands, archipelagos, linōka

Lihlekehlekeng tsa Leoatle le Barents ba haella. Kholo ka ho fetisisa sa tsona ke Kolguev. leoatle e felle feela ho ea ka bochabela, ka leboea le ka bophirimela ho Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef le Spitzbergen. The linoka kholo ka ho fetisisa hore phalla ka ho sona - Indigo le Pechora.

maqhubu

Potoloho ea thehoa ke maqhubu holim, atlehe counterclockwise. Ho ea ka leboea le ka bochabela ho tse ka bochabela le ka boroa periphery re fallele Atlantic Metsi Norwegian jwale. Ho mofuthu, hobane ke e 'ngoe ea makala a ea tsamaiso ea Gulf Phallela ho Eona. Lona tšusumetso e ka saloa morao ho New Earth, lona ka leboea mabōpong. Ka bophirimela le e ka leboea libakeng tse ling tsa potoloho ea li thehoa 'me Arctic metsi ea moo e tlisoang ke ho Leoatle la Arctic le Leoatle Kara. Karolong e bohareng ea Leoatle le Barents na tsamaiso vnutrikrugovyh maqhubu. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea diphapano ka moea tataiso le metsi phapanyetsano le e pota-potileng 'mele ea metsi liphetoho metsi ajoa. Maqhubu a maqhubu le lintho tse le ea bohlokoa haholo. Haholo-holo e kholo e lebōpong la leoatle. Barents Sea tides ke semidiurnal. bohlokoa ba 'ona ka ho fetisisa ke 6.1 limithara le hlaha ka lebōpo la ho Kola Hloahloeng. Ha e le libaka tse setseng, ka tjhelete e ya mahlaseli a chesang ka ba - ho tloha tse 0.6 limithara ho 4,7 limithara.

phapanyetsano metsi

Bohlokoa ka pheliseng metsi ho leka-lekana ena leoatle metsi phapanyetsano o kentsoe tsebetsong le linaheng tsa boahelani tsa maoatle. Ka tsa mahlomola ka letangoaneng la selemong sena o ile a fumana ka 76 likete tse limithara tse dikhubu. km SE ya metsi (palo e tšoanang tabeng ea ho tsoa e). Ena e emetse ka kotara ea kakaretso bophahamo ba modumo tsa metsi. Moholo ka ho fetisisa chelete e lona (59 sekete. Cu. Km ka selemo) ho tlisa Nordkapp jwale. Ho ke ho mofuthu le le tsusumetso e matla ka haeterojene-meteorological entsprechen tsa Barents Sea. About 200 limithara tse dikhubu. km le ka selemo sa kakaretso phallo noka.

letsoai le metsing

Nakong ea maoatle phahameng, le letsoai le metsing a lera holim ke ho tloha 34,7 ho 35% ka boroa-bophirimela, ho tloha ka 33 ho ea 34% ea ka bochabela le ho tswa 32 ho ea 33% ka leboea. Ka selemo le lehlabula mochophoro ke ho fokotseha ha ho 30-32%. Le ikutloeleng bofelong ba mariha, ba letsoai le metsing eketsehile ho 34-34,5%.

ya data Geological

Re na le thahasello ka leoatleng e teng ka poleiti Barents Sea. Mo lilemo e hlalosoa e le Proterozoic-Pele Cambrian. Syncline - ho tepella maikutlo ka tlase anteclise - bophahamo ba hae. Ha e le mekhoa e nyenyane tsa liphallelo, ha a le botebo ba mesaletsa ea shorelines ea boholo-holo ke hoo e ka bang lilemo tse 70 le tse 200 limithara tse. Ho phaella moo, ho na le tsena glacial-accumulative le glacial denudation liforomo, hammoho le lehlabathe maporogo bantse kgolo maqhubu le lintho maqhubu.

The tlase ho Leoatle le Barents

leoatle ena e teng ka hare ho meeli ea raka, athe kontinenteng. Leha ho le joalo, ho fapana le tse tšoanang le matangoana eena, ka tsela e hlokang leeme kholo karolo ea Barents leoatle botebo ba 300-400 limithara tse. Palo e kahodimodimo - 600 limithara tse, 'me ka karolelano - 229. Mabapi le sebopeho sa naha tlaase, ema Upland (Perseus ka botebo bonyane ba ka bang 63 limithara tse le Central), thota (Central Plateau), le ka senoelong (West, eo botebo lebetsoeng le e limithara tse 600,' me Franz-Victoria (ka 430 limithara tse), le ba bang.), ho tepella maikutlo (e lebetsoeng le botebo ba ho tepella maikutlo ea Central - 386 limithara tse). Ha re bua ka karolo e ka boroa ea tlaase, botebo ba ka seoelo e feta limithara tse 200. Ho fapana haholo tsamaiso di nyalantswe liphallelo.

Sebopeho sa mobu

Ka ka boroa le karolo ea leoatle leo re na le thahasello ka lera la lehlabathe hatelloang magweregwere. Ka linako tse ling ho na le ke lehlohlojane le majoe. Ka libakeng tse phahameng e ka leboea le e bohareng likarolo - yl lehlabathe, silty lehlabathe, le bolokoa ka depressions yl. Hohle ho na le mahoashe-grained admixture. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ho sekgala tsa leqhoa le, hammoho le ka o nametse libakeng tse khōlō ea relict mobung glacial. Ka bohareng le e ka leboea likarolo bokgoni pula eo e ka tlaase ho 0.5 m. Ka lebaka la sena ba boholo-holo glacial mobung ka thoko elevations li fumaneha hoo e ka bang ka holim'a metsi. Sedimentation liehang (limilimithara e ka tlaase ho 30 ka ho ya ka lilemo tse likete tse). Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore boitsebiso terrigenous fa lintho tse ngata tse nyenyane. 'Nete ke hore ka lebaka la ho sebopeho sa ea liphallelo ka lebōpo la Leoatle le Barents se ke a oa ka linōka tse khōlō, ka ntle ho Pechora River, eo hoo e batlang e le alluvium kaofela setse Pechora estuary. Ho phaella moo, naha banka ya botjwa haholo-holo ya bonaletsang ka majoe, le ntle le matla.

boemo ba leholimo

Joale bolella ka boemo ba leholimo ba pokello, e le Leoatle le Barents. Atlantic leoatleng (mofuthu) le Arctic (batang) ama sebopeho lona. 'Nete ea hore boemo ba leholimo maemo tsena haholo polygonal ka lebaka la ho khafetsa tlhaselo ho Arctic a batang moeeng' me ba mofuthu Atlantic maholiotsoana. Kamal holim'a leoatle mariha meea e haholo-holo ka boroa-westerly, 'me ka ea lehlabula le nakong ea selemo - ka leboea-bochabela. Lifefo tse tlang mona khafetsa. Ka February, moea mocheso likarolelano tloha -25 ° C (ka libaka tse karolong e ka leboea) ho -4 ° C ka boroa-bophirimela. Holim'a leoatle ka boemo ba leholimo a koahetsoeng ke maru rena selemo ho pota. Selemo le selemo pula libakeng tse e ka leboea e 250 limilimithara, ha a ntse a ka boroa-bophirimela - ho fihlela ho limilimithara 500.

leqhoa

Ka bochabela le ka Leoatleng le Barents leboea la maemo a klimate a matla haholo. Sena se rerang leqhoa lona bohlokoa sekoahelo. Feela karolo e ka boroa-bophirimela la leoatle selemo ho pota re na le thahasello ka ho na leqhoa. koahela sekoahelo hae ke kabo kholo ka ho fetisisa ka April. Ena khoeli phaphametseng leqhoa e hapa ka 75% ya holim'a metsi a Leoatle le Barents. Qetellong ea mariha lilemo tse haholo-holo bobe phaphametseng leqhoa fihla lebōpong la ho Kola Hloahloeng. Palo bonyane ya lintlha qetellong ea August. leqhoa leliboho matsatsing ana e ba ile ba fallela ho ea 78 ° leboea bolokolohi. Karolong e ka leboea-bochabela le ka leboea-bophirimela ho leoatle leqhoa tlweaelo bolokiwe ho pholletsa le selemo. Leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling leoatle ka ho feletseng kenyeletsoe ho bona.

Barents Mocheso

letsoai le metsing batlang e phahameng le mocheso karolong e ka boroa-bophirimela ea pokello ea etsang qeto ea hore ho fihla ha metsi a futhumetseng tsa Atlantic mona. From February ho March libakeng tsena, mocheso metsi ka holim'a metsi e tsoa ho 3 ° C ho 5 ° C. Ho ka fihla ka August ho 7-9 ° C. Nakong ea mariha likhoeli ka boroa-bochabela karolo le leboea bolokolohi ba 74 ° leboea Barents holim mocheso ke ho tlase -1 ° C. E ka boroa-bochabela ea lehlabula e le 4-7 ° C, 'me ka leboea - ka 4 ° C. Ka libaka tse lebōpong la leoatle nakong ea likhoeli lehlabuleng lera holim'a metsi ka thabisa ka ka botebo ba limithara tse 5 ho ea ho 8 ho 11-12 ° C.

The liphoofolo le limela

Leoatleng Barents, ke lehae la mefuta e mengata ea tlhapi (ya eo ho eona ho ba 114 mefuta e). Ho na le phoofolo e ruileng le dimela plankton le benthos. Leoatle tloaelehile lebōpong le ka boroa. The mefuta e bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tlhapi ka ho tšoasa litlhapi mabapi le - e le herring, tseo haddock, tsa cod, bagre, leoatle Bass, halibut, flounder, joalo-joalo liphoofolo tse anyesang le ba emeloang tiiso, bere Polar, beluga. Harp liqibi , joalo-joalo Hona joale, ho tšoasa litlhapi e tšoaroa ka tiiso .. Ka mabopo ho na lintho tse ngata tse nonyana likolone (gull-moeviki, guillemots, guillemot). Ka la bo20 la lilemo ka tšimo li tlisitse morena lekhala. O ile a khona ho tloaela 'me ba qala ho ka mafolofolo li atile'. A mangata leoatle urchins, tse fapa-fapaneng echinoderms, mefuta e fapaneng ya leoatle linaleli li tloaelehile hammoho botebong ba metsi a pokello ea phaello.

boleng moruo, indasteri le ho li romela

Ho bohlokoa hore Federation ea Russia, hammoho le tsa Norway le linaheng tse ling tse 'maloa ka Leoatleng le Barents. Russia ka mafolofolo se sebelisang e lona mehlodi ya. Ho ruileng mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litlhapi, semela le plankton liphoofolo le benthos. Ka lebaka la ea ho tsoasa litlhapi ena e khanna ka mafolofolo Leoatleng Barents. Russia merafong ka Arctic raka, athe le hydrocarbons. A porojeke e ne e ikhethang ea naha ya rona ke Prirazlomnoe. Ka lekhetlo la pele o atlehe ho tloha sethala tlhahiso ea tse sa fetoheng tsa hydrocarbons sebakeng seo. Sethaleng (MISP "Prirazlomnaja") lumella u ho nka tsohle hlokahala tshebetso theknoloji hang-hang. Sena simplifies haholo tshebetso tlhahiso.

bohlokoa haholo e le e boetse e le tsela leoatle o tlohang karolong e ka European ba naha ya rona ho tloha likoung bochabela (lekholong la bo19 la lilemo) le Bophirimela (lekholong la bo16 la lilemo) le Siberia (15 ka.). Kholo ka ho fetisisa le ka sehloohong koung ea Murmansk ke ho Russia (tsoantsoang tlase).

Har'a batho ba bang ke tse latelang: Indigo, Teriberka, Naryan-Mar. Norwegian likoung - Kirkenes, Vadsø le Vardø. Leoatle le Barents hase feela mohoebi likepe ea naha, empa hape sesole sa metsing, ho akarelletsa le sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe tsa nyutlelie.