Manolotsoeng ea mojaro mocheso bakeng sa mehaho futhumatsang: ho moralo o balletsweng, mehlala

Ha ho qapa tsamaiso futhumatsang, hore na khoebo kapa bolulo sebopeho ho haha, e ke ho hlokahala hore ho phetha dipalelo le etsa rutehileng oa potoloho-thalo ea tsamaiso ea futhumatsang. hloko ka ho khetheha ntlheng ena, litsebi li nkhothaletsa ntlo ho lefa khoneha ho a bale mojaro mogote ka futhumatsang oa potoloho, 'me ka chelete ea mafura le khumo mocheso.

Mocheso mojaro: ke eng?

Ke lentsoe lena e ne a bua ka palo ea mocheso tetse futhumatsang disebedisweng tse ding. A manolotsoeng selelekela tsa mocheso mojaro ka qoba ditjeo tse sa hlokahaleng ho fumana ya dikarolo ea tsamaiso ea futhumatsang le ho kenya bona. Hape, le manolotsoeng ena e tla thusa ho aba ka tjhelete e ya mocheso moruong le evenly ho pholletsa le mohaho.

Ka dipalelo tsena e kenyelletsoa a mangata makolopetso. Mohlala, lintho tse bonahalang tse ho tloha e haha haha, kwahelang, sebakeng joalo joalo. Litsebi li leka ho ela hloko ka lintho tse ngata le lintho tse khethollang bakeng sa diphetho nepahetseng haholoanyane.

Manolotsoeng tsa liphoso mogote mojaro le nepahale ho fella ka tshebetso sebetse hantle ha tsamaiso ea futhumatsang. E esita le etsahala hore re lokela ho redo dikarolo se sebopeho sebetsa, eo hona joang kapa joang isang qeta reroang. E, 'me mekhatlo ea utility ba bala litšenyehelo tsa ditshebeletso ho ya ka ya data mocheso mojaro.

lintlha senotlolo

Loketseng hakantse eaba o haha futhumatsang tsamaiso e khopo ba lokela ho lula e mocheso a lakatsa ka kamoreng le ho buseletsa bakeng sa mocheso ho lahleheloa ke hlahang. Bala Thermal mojaro ka ho hlokahala hore a ele hloko ea tsamaiso ea thepa ea mohaho futhumatsang:

- Morero oa mohaho: bolulo kapa liindasteri.

- Detailed tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le sebōpeho sa thepa ea motheo mehaho. Ho lifensetere, marako, mamati, marulelong le tsamaiso ventilation.

- Property litekanyo. A phahameng boleng, u tla matlafala tlameha ho ba tsamaiso ea futhumatsang. Ba bonnete ba hore ho nahana ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa openings fensetere, mamati, mabota bokantle le bophahamo ba modumo ka hare tsa e mong le e.

- Availability ea likamore bakeng sa merero e khethehileng (bate, Sauna, joalo-joalo).

- tekanyo ea thepa le disebediswa tse botekgeniki. Ke hore, ho ba teng ha metsi a chesang, ventilation, air-conditioning le mofuta oa tsamaiso futhumatsang.

- Mocheso mengata e fapaneng bakeng sa kamoreng e le 'ngoe. Ka mohlala, ka likamoreng etselitsoeng polokelo, ha ho hlokahale hore a lule a mocheso phutholohile hore motho a.

- Palo ea lintlha tse ka metsi a chesang. Le ho feta, le ho feta tsamaiso e laela.

- The sebakeng sa bokaholimo benyang. Likamore tse nang le lifensetere French lahleheloa ke chelete e khōlō ea mocheso.

- tse ling maemo. Mehahong bolulo, ho ka ba a 'maloa a likamore, mathule le loggias le matloana. The liindasteri - palo ea matsatsi a ho sebetsa ka almanakeng ka selemo, lichifi, theknoloji ketane ea tshebetso tlhahiso le joalo-joalo.

- The maemo a klimate tsa sebakeng seo. Ha bala mocheso tahlehelo ba elwa hloko ka ntle mocheso. Ha phapang ke tse sa reng letho, 'me matšeliso a tla siea e nyenyane ea matla. Athe ho -40 ^{° C} ka ntle ho fensetere e tla hloka ditshenyehelo bohlokoa.

Features mekhoa jaana

Entsprechen akarelletsa manolotsoeng ea mojaro mogote, ke ka senipe le GOST. Ba ne ba boetse ba le e khethehileng mocheso phetiso coefficients. Liphasepoto tsa thepa kenyelleditswe tsamaisong ea futhumatsang, libōpeho tsa digital ba isoa malebana le tlhaloso ea radiator ka metsi, e tanka, joalo-joalo hammoho le tsa moetlo .:

- tshebediso ya mocheso, nkiloeng ka palo e kahodimodimo ea hora e 'ngoe ea tsamaiso ea futhumatsang,

- ho phalla palo e kahodimodimo mocheso tsoang radiator ka metsi, e

- palo yohle mocheso tahlehelo ka nako e itseng (hangata - nako); haeba u hloka hourly weather mojaro le manolotsoeng leqepheneng la setereke futhumatsang marangrang, manolotsoeng lokela ho khanna nahane liphetoho mocheso motšehare.

dipalelo li bapisoa le sebakeng sa tshusumetso mogote ea tsamaiso ka kakaretso. Kofuto e fumanweng ka toka nepahetse. Ba bang ba bopengwi etsahala. Ka mohlala, bakeng sa mehaho liindasteri ho tla hlokahala hore ho nahana ka ho fokotseha ha noang mogote eneji, le ka mafelo-beke le matsatsi a phomolo a, 'me libakeng tse sa bolulo - bosiu.

Mokgweng bakeng sa manolotsoeng ea litsamaiso futhumatsang na likhato tse 'maloa tsa ho nepahala. Bakeng sa lintlha tse qaqileng tsa phoso ho bonyane ho hlokahala hore ho sebelisa dipalelo toka rarahaneng. Tlase nepahetseng sekemeng sebelisoa ntle le sepheo ke ho optimize litšenyehelo tsa tsamaiso ea futhumatsang.

Mekhoa e ka sehloohong ea manolotsoeng

Ho fihlela joale, e le manolotsoeng ea mojaro mocheso bakeng sa futhumatsang mohaho se ka etsoang 'ngoe ea litsela tse peli.

Ka sehloohong tse tharo

1. Bakeng sa manolotsoeng tsa indices kopanya palokakaretso ba isoa.
2. Bakeng sa tshebetso ya moaho likarolo mehaho ea botlaaseng ba isoa. Ho tla ba le bohlokoa le manolotsoeng ya tahlehelo mocheso tla mofuthu ka hare moea bophahamo ba modumo.
3. Ba balwa le akaretsa lintho tsohle e ne e akarelletsa tsamaisong ea futhumatsang.

mohlala o le mong

Ho na le ke o etsa kgetho bone. O na le phoso e khōlō, kaha litšoantšo ba isoa karolelano haholo, kapa ha hoa lekana ho bona. Ke hore, ka moralo ena - Q = Q _{0 tloha} * e * V _H * (sa t _Eh - sa t _NRA) moo:

• Q ₀ - itseng mogote litšobotsi tsa mohaho (hangata ka ho fetisisa e behilweng ke nako bata haholo)
• e - khalemelo Ntlha e (ho itšetlehile ka sebaka se le e nkiloe litafole tse seng di setilwe)
• V _H - bophahamo ba modumo, balwa ka lifofane e kantle.

A manolotsoeng e bonolo

Makala le entsprechen tekanyetso (bophahamo ba siling, boholo kamoreng le ntle mogote litšobotsi tse kwahelang) ka sebelisoa ka tsela e itekanetseng e karo-karolelano paramethara khalemelo bakeng sa coefficient ho itšetlehile ka sebakeng seo.

Nahana hore ntlo e teng sebakeng Arkhangelsk, 'me sebakeng sa lona - limithara tse lisekoere 170. m. The mojaro mogote o lekana le 17 * 1,6 = 27.2 KW / H.

Jwalo tlhaloso ea mejaro mogote hlokomoloha lintlha tse ngata tsa bohlokoa. Ka mohlala, moralo litšobotsi tsa mohaho, mocheso, palo ea marako, sebaka karo-karolelano ea ho marako le openings fensetere, 'me joalo-joalo. Ka lebaka leo, dipalelo tse joalo hase loketse bakeng sa diporojeke tse batlang li tebile futhumatsang tsamaiso.

radiator ka metsi le manolotsoeng sebakeng

Ho itšetlehile ka lintho tse bonahalang ho tswa ho eona li le entse. Hangata ka ho fetisisa sebelisoa kajeno bimetallic, aluminium, tšepe, haholo ka tlaase ho moo liheloe tšepe radiators. E mong le e ba bona ba na le reiti ea eona ea mocheso phetiso (mogote matla). radiators Bimetallic ha sebaka se pakeng tsa le lilepe 500 limilimithara le na le karolelano ea 180 - 190 Watts. Aluminium radiators na haholo le tshebetso e tšoanang.

Mocheso phetiso hlalositswe radiator ka metsi e balwa bakeng sa karolo e 'ngoe. Radiators, tšepe poleiti ha ba phutha. Ka lebaka leo, mocheso o phetiso bona coefficient ikemiselitse thehiloeng boholo ba sesebelisoa kaofela. Ka mohlala, mogote matla-mola radiator ka metsi sa 1100 limilimithara bophara le limilimithara 200 le bophahamo tla 1010 W le radiator ka metsi ka phanele entsoe ka tšepe 500 limilimithara ka bophara le 220 limilimithara bophahamo tla 1644 Watts.

The manolotsoeng tsa sebakeng seo tsa radiator ka metsi e le bopilwe ka latelang ditekanyetso tsa motheo:

- siling bophahamo (tekanyetso - 2,7 limithara)

- mocheso bokgoni (ka sq M -. 100 W)

- mong ntle a haha lerako.

dipalelo ana a bontša hore ho mong le e mong 10 limithara tse lisekoere. limithara e lokela ho ba 1 000 W ea matla a mogote. Sephetho sena se arotsoe ke sephetho mogote tsa karolo e 'ngoe. karabo ke palo e hlokahalang ea dikarolo radiator ka metsi.

Bakeng sa libaka tse ka boroa ea naha ya rona, hammoho le e ka leboea, o ile ka theola le ho hōlisa lintlha.

Karolelano ea manolotsoeng le e nepahetseng

Fanoeng lintlha tse boletsoeng ka holimo, e le manolotsoeng karolelano e atlehe tjena. Ha 1 sq. limithara hlokahala 100 Watts la phallo mocheso ka sebaka sa 20 sq. limithara lokela fumana 2000 Watts. Radiator ka metsi (e ratoang bimetallic kapa aluminium) tsa dikarolo tse robeli allocates ka bang 150 Watts. Arola 2000 ke 150, re fumana likarolo tse 13. Empa e ke e atolositsoeng haholo manolotsoeng ea mojaro mocheso.

E tobileng shebahala a batla a tšosang. Ha e le hantle, ha ho letho le rarahaneng. Mona ke moralo wa:

Q _limithara = 100 W / limithara ² × S _(sebaka) limithara ² × Q × Q _{1 2 3} × Q × Q × Q _{4 5 6} × Q × Q _7, moo:

• Q ₁ - glazing mofuta (tloaelehile = 1,27, = 1,0 kopanetsoe, hararo = 0.85);
• Q ₂ - ho itšehla thajana leboteng (fokola kapa sieo = 1,27, leboteng setene beha 2 = 1,0, morao-rao, se phahameng = 0.85);
• Q ₃ - karo-karolelano ea palo yohle sebakeng openings fensetere sebakeng mokatong (40% 1.2 = 30% 1,1 = 20% - 0,9 10% = 0,8);
• Q ₄ - ka ntle mocheso (nkiloeng boleng bonyane: ^-35 ° C = 1.5, ^C = -25 1.3 ^-20 1,1 C = -15 ^{° C} = 0,9, ^{ho -10} ° C = 0.7);
• Q ₅ - palo ea mabota Link ka kamoreng (tsohle e mene = 1.4, tse tharo = 1.3, hukung kamoreng = 1.2, e = 1.2);
• Q ₆ - mofuta oa sebaka ho fedisa ka hodimo ya ho hlapela hakantse (batang kamoreng e tlas'a marulelo = 1,0, 0,9 = mofuthu kamoreng e tlas'a marulelo, kamoreng phelang halefile = 0,8);
• Q ₇ - siling bophahamo (4,5 limithara = 1.2, m '= 4,0, 1,15, 3.5, m' = 1,1, 3,0, limithara = 1,05, 2,5 limithara = 1.3).

Bakeng sa e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e hlalositsoeng ka ho a bale mojaro mogote ea mohaho foleteng.

sampole manolotsoeng

Terms le maemo a tjena. Mocheso bonyane nakong batang ea selemo - -20 ^° C Room 25 limithara tse lisekoere. limithara ka khalase hararo, French lifensetere, siling ba bolelele ba 3,0 limithara, marako a setene a mabeli le unheated kamoreng e tlas'a marulelo. The manolotsoeng e tjena:

Q = 100 W / limithara ² × limithara ² × 25 × 0.85 1 × 0,8 (12%) Tiket 1,1 × 1.2 × 1 × 1,05.

Khumo 2 356.20, arola ka 150. Phello ke hore ka kamore e nang le ditekanyetso tsena ke ho hlokahala hore ho beha likarolo tse 16.

Haeba u lokela ho a bale Gigacalorie

Ho ba sieo ha mogote mitha matla a bulehileng futhumatsang oa potoloho mocheso mojaro manolotsoeng bakeng futhumatsang moaho e balwa ho ea ka moralo o balletsweng Q = V * (T ₁ - T ₂₎ / 1000 hokae:

• V - ka tjhelete e ya metsi chesa ka tsamaiso ea ho futhumatsa, kapa boima ba lithane tse hakanyetsoang ho limithara ^3,
• T ₁ - palo e bontšang e chesang metsi mocheso lekanngoa ka ^{° C} 'me e nkoa go dirisiwang dikhomphiutha mocheso ngollana ho khatello e itseng tsamaisong ea. palo ena e na le lebitso la eona e - enthalpy. Ha e sebetsang tsela ho tlosa ho bala le mocheso ke ke ha khoneha ho retelehela ho pontshi karolelano. Ho ka hare tsa 60-65 ^° C
• _T2 - thempereichara metsi a batang. Lekanya e tsamaisong ea ke ho le thata, ka hona, ho ntshetsa pele e tshebetso e tsoelang pele, ho itšetlehile ka mocheso ka ntle. Ka mohlala, ka e mong oa libaka, nakong e serame, palo ena e nkiloe lekana le 5, ka ea lehlabula - 15.
• 1000 - coefficient ho fumana lebaka potlako ka Gigacalorie.

Tabeng ea mojaro mogote (Gcal / h) ya sekgoqetsane koetsoeng balwa ka tsela e nngwe:

_From Q = α * Q _tsa * V * (sa t _e - sa t _NR) * (1 + K _NR) * 0.000001 moo

• α - le palokatiso, tse reretsoeng ho fetola maemo a klimate. Elwa hloko haeba mocheso ka ntle e fapaneng ho tloha ^-30 ° C;
• V - molumo oa sebōpeho sa litekanyo le ka ntle;
• Q _ya - sekhahla itseng futhumatsang bakeng sa fuoa sebopeho _NR sa t = ^-30 ° C, lekanngoa ka Kcal / limithara ³ * C;
• sa t _ka - ho hakanngoa mocheso ka hare mohaho;
• sa t _NR - meralo mocheso ntle bakeng sa ho rala ea tsamaiso ea futhumatsang;
• _NR K - sekhahla khukhuneloa. Bakileng karo-karolelano balwa le tahlehelo ea mogote ea mohahong o nang le khukhuneloa le phetiso mocheso ka metsoako e Link ho ka ntle mocheso, e leng e beha ka hare ho motsoako porojeke.

mocheso mojaro manolotsoeng le batla le e atolositsoeng, empa ena ke moralo fanoa ka lingoliloeng botekgeniki.

hlahloba imager mogote

Ka ho eketsehileng, e le hore ho eketsa bokgoni ba tsamaiso ea futhumatsang, retelehela ka ho nka litšoantšo ho lekoloe mogote wa sebopeho sa.

mosebetsi ona o etsoang ho tsoa lefifing. Ka lebaka nepahetseng haholoanyane ke ho hlokahala hore ho boloka mocheso phapang pakeng tsa kamoreng le bokantle: ha hoa lokela ho ba ka tlase ho ^{ka bang} 15. Fluorescent mabone le litleloubu mabone a di ile theoha. Ke bohlale ho hloekisa lik'hapete le thepa ea ka tlung ho palo e kahodimodimo ea, ba ile ba kokota sesebediswa, ho fana ba bang ba phoso.

Phuputsong e khanna butle 'me ka hloko a tlalehiloeng ya data. Sekemeng e bonolo.

Mokhahlelo oa pele e bang teng ka matlung. sesebediswa e ba ile ba fallela butle-butle ho tloha mamati ho lifensetere, ba ela hloko ka ho khetheha likhutlong le manonyello tse ling.

Mohato bobeli - tlhahlobo Link ea mogote mabota imager sebopeho. Leha ho le joalo ka hloko hlahloba manonyeletso, haholo-holo mabapi marulelong.

Mokhahlelo oa boraro - ya data e lokisa. Pele ho etsa sesebediswa, ka nako eo ho bala ba isoa k'homphieutha, ao ho 'ona ka ho latellana lenaneo qetellong sebetsa le outputting sephetho.

Ha phuputso e entsoeng e etsoang ke mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa fumane laesense, ke liphello tsa mosebetsi o tla tlaleha ho tataiso ea tlamang. Ha mosebetsi o ne o etsoa ka ho toba, o lokela ho itšetleha ka tsebo ea bona 'me mohlomong le Internet.