Litsoantso tse betliloeng - ke eng? Famous litsoantso tse betliloeng

Loanela ho botle, a bontša ka ho bonono - ke mohlomong e le ntho feela e khethollang monna ho liphoofolo. Ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo, batho ba ile ba leka ho etsa ntho e 'ngoe e ntle, e pakeng tsa ho tsoma le ho pholoha deducing dipaterone, ka mabota oa lehaha hae. Le tsoelo-pele ea moloko oa batho le ntshetswa pele e bonono hore e nkile ka ho eketsehileng liforomo tse ncha. E mong oa mefuta e ka sehloohong ea bonono e metle e litsoantso tse betliloeng. litsoantso tse betliloeng ke eng le hore na mefuta e tsa lona teng - ho tla bolella ka bona sehloohong sena.

The ntho e ka sehloohong ea litsoantso tse betliloeng ho - motho, le hoja e ka boela bontšang liphoofolo, kapa lintho tse ling le teng. Ho itšetlehile ka hore na lintho tse bonahalang e sebediswa, ba khethoa le mekhoa ea bona e lekanang ea phekolo. Sena se ka ba le bōpa, betloa ha, tapa kapa ho lahla.

Pele a bua ka kgopolo ya go leha e le efe, u lokela ho fana ka e le tlhaloso e tobileng. litsoantso tse betliloeng ke eng le hore na ke litšobotsi tse lona? bothata ba ho itšetlehile ka 'nete ea hore karabo e bonolo ea potso ena ke ha ho joalo ho le bonolo. Leha ho le joalo, re leka ho utloisisa.

Tlhaloso: "litsoantso tse betliloeng ke eng?" The tse fapa-fapaneng dikgetho

ya kgopolo ya leha e le efe kapa ketsahalo tšoaroa ka tsela e fapaneng. Lebaka la sena ke hore e mong le mohlahlobisisi, e shebileng bothata tswa angle fapaneng. Ka lebaka leo, e mong le e develops moelelo oa "litsoantso tse betliloeng". litsoantso tse betliloeng ke eng, e ka fumanoa hlalosang mantsoe a sa tšoaneng.

Ho ea ka tlhaloso e szótár oa Efraime, litsoantso tse betliloeng ke bonono - ho bopa bophahamo ba modumo (balla) litšoantšo sebelisa bōpa, seha kapa bōpa.

Ka tlhaloso e dikishinari ea Ushakov, o ka fumana tlhaloso e latelang: "litsoantso tse betliloeng ke bonono - tlhahisong ya bongata kapa khonvekse litšoantšo - liemahale, reliefs, joalo-joalo".

Leha ho le joalo, re lokela ho hlokomela hore mehloli eohle lumellana hore litsoantso tse betliloeng ho - e mosa e khethehileng ea bonono. Le ho belaela ka sebele ha ho hlokahale.

Litsoantso tse betliloeng. litsoantso tse betliloeng ke eng?

Poleloana e reng ka boeona e le tsoa lentsoeng la Latin "Sculptura", leo ka ho toba le fetolela e le "litsoantso tse betliloeng" kapa "tshekatsheko." Tshohanyetso, lentsoe "litsoantso tse betliloeng" le atisa ho sebelisoa e le synonyme bakeng sa lentsoe "litsoantso tse betliloeng".

hantle haholo hlalosa, Sergei Sobolev, ka tsebo e mocha moetsi oa litšoantšo, "ke sebaka sa maikutlo a amanang le mokgwa." Motheo oa litsoantso tse betliloeng leha e le ho ba hantle ka sebopeho, e leng puo ea boholo-holo hore e bonolo ho li fumana le ho utloahalang hore ho mang kapa mang.

History of litsoantso tse betliloeng

Metso ea foromo ena bonono o khutlela mehleng ea khale, ho mehla palaeolithic, seo ha ho ne ho ea pele ka mesebetsi ea hae. Litsoantso tse betliloeng ka sebōpeho sa litšoantšo tsa basali le liphoofolo fapaneng fumanoang ho boemo ba libaka tse ngata palaeolithic Europe Bophirimela - le netefatso hlakileng. Ka Neolithic a sa tsoaneng a tsa liemahale sculptural atolosoa le ho feta.

Ya e le hantle, ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele e ne e le ea mofuta ona e bonono ka mehla ea Greece ea boholo-holo. litsoantso tse betliloeng hore e be e mong oa mekhoa e ka sehloohong ea pontšo ea filosofi ea boholo-holo Segerike, motheong oa seo e neng e botho ba motho e - e le tumellano pele moeeng le nameng. liemahale tse ngata tsa melimo, bahale ba tšōmong le masole ba ile ba bolaoa ke beng ba Greece ea boholo-holo, bao ho bona ho ne ho ena le litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa taba bophelong. litsoantso tse betliloeng ho kutloisiso ea benghali ba boholo-holo Segerike ke eng? Ho ka holim'a tsohle fetoha le maemo 'me plasticity mefuta manyolo, e thehiloeng nepahetseng anatomical dintlha. Har'a beng tsena haholo tsa litsoantso tse betliloeng ea boholo-holo Segerike ka khetholloa ka Phidias, hai re nagon kuri, Lysippus, Praxiteles le tse ling.

A potoloha e ncha ea ho hōla a amohetseng litsoantso tse betliloeng ka lilemo tse makholo XV-XVI, nakong ea Renaissance, eo e ne e thehiloe lineanong tsa boholo-holo. Renaissance litsoantso tse betliloeng e fetohile khubu ea Italy, har'a sculptors le leholo la nako eo - Michelangelo, Donatello, Verrocchio le bakeli tse ling.

a lebisa tlhokomelo haholo ho boetse ho leshwa ho litsoantso tse betliloeng le tsa Soviet Union likhopolong tsa. E fetohile sesebelisoa e atlehang bakeng sa ho ntšetsa pele likhopolo tsa bososhiale Union. The tšobotsi e ka sehloohong ea litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa Soviet Union ka nkoa monumentality lona. stele hlomphehang, liemahale e meholohali le e likete liemahale tsa baeta-pele a makomonisi a ne a re siea lefa la litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa Soviet Union.

The litsoantso tse betliloeng morao-rao ka bokapele ba sa setšoantšo (Sepheo), le le ho khetha mebala, metsoako esita le thepa. mala hore e ba hoo e ka bang ka seletsa se ka sehloohong sa ho hlahisa maikutlo bonono ka litsoantso tse betliloeng mehleng ena.

The mefuta e ka sehloohong ea liemahale

The mefuta e ka sehloohong ea litsoantso tse betliloeng tse:

• potoloha litsoantso tse betliloeng (ha e le hantle, liemahale le busts);
• litsoantso tse betliloeng tlisang liphallelo (Bas le phomolo e phahameng);
• , 屋内 litsoantso tse betliloeng;
• moholohali litsoantso tse betliloeng.

Hape totobatsa tse ling tsa mefuta e itseng ea bonono: a nyenyane litsoantso tse betliloeng, kinetic, leqhoa, lirapeng tsa boikhathollo le ho ba bang. Ke litsoantso tse betliloeng mofutakwalo ke potreite, lapeng, bohlokoa historing, tšoantšetso.

The ho etsa thepa tshebetso ya ho liemahale

Etsa liemahale - mosebetsi thata, tse hlokang bokgoni ba itseng le ho sebetsa ka thata. Hang ha o ba le maikutlo a ya mesebetsi moseti, o ile a qala ka ho tlhahisong ea mothofatso lona fokotswa boholo moralo. Feela ha moralo ke loketse ka ho feletseng, u ka tsoela pele ho litsoantso tse betliloeng ho fetisisa.

Bakeng sa sculpting liemahale hloka metheo le foreimi ea tšepe. Ka mor'a moo, moetsi oa litšoantšo le qala ho koahela foreime le letsopa ho fihlela ho fihlela ho fumana litsoantso tse betliloeng e haufi le moralo lona ka ponahalo. Tabeng ena, ho sebelisa lisebelisoa khethehileng bakeng sa modelling - mekgobo, hammoho le matsoho a bona. Ho bohlokwa ho etsa bonnete ba kamehla hydration tse bonahalang nakong fetola e le hore e ile a qala ho peperana.

Ha bōpa e phethiloe, moseti etsang hore maikutlo a nepahetseng ka ho bōptjoa ha lintho tse bonahalang e le thata ho feta letsopa. Ka nako eo, e thehiloeng le maikutlo a, le litsoantso tse betliloeng ka entsoe ka leha e le efe tse ling tsa lintho tse bonahalang - lefika, tšepe kapa boronse. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ha ho ea moholo mosebetsi sculptural hase ntle ho ea pele ho bōpa le ho tlhahisong ea lahletseng ka. Leha historing ea liemahale e ne e le mesebetsi ea matsoho ea neng a sebetsa ka ho toba le lintho tse bonahalang e leng mohloli. E 'ngoe ea tsena e ne e le' mōpi le Michelangelo haholo.

Litsoantso tse betliloeng ka lirapeng tsa boikhathollo mokhabiso

mofuta o mong oa litsoantso tse betliloeng ke phakeng litsoantso tse betliloeng, eo lineano ba le histori e telele. Ho thata ho nahana ka phakeng e ntle kapa serapa setjhaba ntle mokhabiso sculptural. Ea ka neano ea lirapa le liemahale thehiloe ke Bagerike ba boholo-holo ae kgabisa. Ho thata ho nahana le lirapa tsa Roma ea boholo-holo ka ntle ho liemahale sculpted tsa melimo, kapa e le bahlabani ba sebete.

Lilemong tsa bo-XVII setsi bakeng sa ho hlahisa litšoantšo tsa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo le lirapa ba Venice. batches kaofela reka litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo hae poraefete bahlomphehi tsoang Austria, Poland le Russia. Park litsoantso tse betliloeng ka nako eo e ne e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea mokhabiso oa St. Petersburg, ea neng a ka mafolofolo e ntse e hahoa. Ka ho fetisisa ea neng a hlaheletse benghali ba Venice ka bitsoa Pietro Baratta, eo pōpo ka ntse bonoa ka Summer Garden St. Petersburg kapa Reserve Tsarskoye Selo.

Haholo-holo e ratoang lirapeng tsa boikhathollo morao-rao fumanang ho thoeng topiary litsoantso tse betliloeng - ke ho bōptjoa ha e tsoileng tsena ea ho phela ka dimela - lifate kapa lihlahla.

Lefatsheng ho fetisisa tsebahalang la litsoantso tse betliloeng

liemahale tummeng tsa lefatše li atile ka lebaka la ho litšobotsi tse lona. Re tlisa u liemahale tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa e holimo-limo tse hlano lefatše.

1. The tummeng ka ho fetisisa ea liemahale tsa boholo-holo - seemahale sa molimotsana Aphrodite, hape e tsejoang e le Venera Milosskaya. Borapeli seemahale sa 'mabole e ne e entsoe lekholong la BC bobeli le ba ileng ba pholoha ho fihlela kajeno. Kajeno, litsoantso tse betliloeng tse peli-mithara ka bonoa ka la gallery khethehileng tsa Louvre.

2. litsoantso tse betliloeng phahameng ka ho fetisisa - e seemahale sa Buddha Vairocana ka China (Province Henan). Bophahamo palo yohle ya sefika - limithara tse 158, mosebetsi oa eona e kaho e ne e ile ea phethoa ka 2002. The litsoantso tse betliloeng e entsoe ka koporo liheloe, 'me litšenyehelo kakaretso ea morero ea e-ba e ka bang $ limilione tse 55.

3. Ka ho fetisisa mohlolo litsoantso tse betliloeng - le liemahale Moai ka Easter Island. Bo-rasaense ba bolela hore seemahale - mosebetsing oa beng ba Polynesia boholo-holo le lerootho ratana le bona ho ea pele sa likete tse tharo BC.

4. Ka ho fetisisa ho rata naha litsoantso tse betliloeng - e lefatšeng-e tsebahalang seemahale sa Liberty - ka ea mofuta ofe le pontšo ea hore batho ba sa Amerika. Ho boetse ho na le oa bobeli phahameng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka bophara.

5. Ka ho fetisisa tsa khauta litsoantso tse betliloeng - seemahale sa Buddha, teng ka Thailand, Khao TRIME. The litsoantso tse betliloeng tse tharo-mithara ikhetha ka hore e ka ho feletseng e entsoeng ka khauta tiileng.