Likarolo tse ling tsa boko. Medulla oblongata. Sebopeho, mosebetsi, liphello tsa hlōloa

Makhapetla boko anatomically emeloang poleiti ea bohlooho taba lera karolo ntle tsa hemispheres bokong. lesaka lona sebopeho ka lebaka la palo e kholo ea convolutions arohane ka furrows. Ka tsela eo ba bangata ba karolong e ka holimo sebakeng botebo le foro, 'me e le karolo e nyenyane - holim'a metsi bona. Ka phapang ea Lefatše khonvekse (ntle) le e holim'a metsi le ka hare, 'me ka ho lefisa. Holim'a tsa ka ntle tsa lobe parietal e arohane le tse tobileng ho sebedisa matla "rolandovoy" mohoma. Ka tlase ho "Sylvius" groove ka, eo ka eona ho lobe ya ntango e aroloa ho ea ka tsela e tobileng le ho parietal. Parietal-occipital sulcus arola lobe occipital.

Nyenyane cortex sebopeho se akarelletsa letoto la dikarolo lisele le fibrous, le amana le tse tšeletseng lera mofuta sebopeho.

Ha sena se ikemiselitse dikarolo tse latelang:

- granular Link;

- granular hare;

- limolek'hule;

- polymorphic lisele tse;

- e kholo lisele tse pyramidal;

- seaplane le lisele tse nyenyane pyramidal.

Sebopeho le medulla mosebetsi, liphello tsa ho timetsoa ha eona

Bolelele ba eona ke mabapi le mashome a mabeli a metso e robeli millimeters, le bophara butle-butle eketseha, fihla millimeters mashome a mabeli a metso e mene. Medulla o tsoela pele ka cranial cavity lesapong la mokokotlo ka tsela e kanale bohareng lesapo la mokokotlo. E a hlokomela ho ba teng ha ntho masihla fapaneng tsa taba ea bohlooho, e bopa ea mantlha cranial methapo. Ka sebopeho sa e tšoeu taba amehang faeba litseleng. Medulla oblongata na le khubu, eo metso ba sebakeng bohlokoa cranial methapo ea kutlo (vagus, hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, katoloso). Ho phaella moo, nuclei amehang dithulaganyo le reflex tse kang ho hlafuna, engole, anyang, e thimola, ho hlatsa le karohano ea lero tshilong ya dijo. Sebopeho sa nuclei batho etsahala ntshetsopeleng ka pōpelong. Oblong boko sa tsoa tsoaloa (ka borokho), boima ka bang robeli dikgerama. Le nonofo ya mmele e nka ka karolelano ea lilemo tse supileng.

Ka ho fetisa ka litsela medulla oblongata tšoara centripetal le centrifugal takatso. Ngoe ea litsela tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e nahana ka tsela eo pyramidal. E connects libakeng enjene ka cortex bokong 'me lisele tse enjene ea anterior linaka tsa khoele lesapo la mokokotlo. Moeling oa khoele lesapo la mokokotlo le mafapha le medulla hlokomela tšela ka pampitšana pyramidal. Sena se hlalosa hore na ho qhala tshebetso likarolo tse itseng tsa boko ha di senyeha. Mohlala, diso ka toloki pyramidal holimo chiasm bakang hemiplegia ka lehlakoreng le leng la 'mele kamoreng. Ka nako e tšoanang ho hlōloa ha cranial methapo meferefere tshebetso etsahala ka lehlakoreng e tšoanang ea 'mele.

"Cerebellopontine angle" o etsa mosebetsi o tlohang. Sebakeng sa kamorao fossa ea lehata, e ke mateano tsa borokho, cerebellum le medulla oblongata. Ka ketsahalo ea dihlahala sebakeng sena petelitsoe dikarolo tlang tsa mafapha ana.

Ka medulla oblongata ba sebakeng litsi bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa bophelong-tšehetso, e khomarelang bohlokwa ho khetheha ho lefapha lena ka tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Mona ke la pelo le matšoafo litsi. Ke ka lebaka leo tshenyo (esita le nyenyane), le haholo-holo ho tlosoe medulla oblongata se isa lefung ka lebaka la ho tšoaroa ka bona ho hema 'me qetello ea mosebetsi ea tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo.

Tshenyo pampitšana pyramidal ka 'na lebisa liphello fapaneng. Tsohle itšetlehile ka boholo ba bobe le nako eo e se e fetile motheo ea eona. Maemong a mangata, diso tsena etsa hore matla shoele litho motho ka libeke tse 'ngoe kapa tse peli.