Ho lokolloa ha Belgrade tloha Manazi, ka 1944

2014 o ne a ruile ka anniversaries. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, lilemo tse 70 tse fetileng, o ile a lokolloa ha Belgrade, Bucharest, Sofia 'me metse e meng e mengata' me lihlooho tsa Europe ke masole a Soviet Union. Haholo-holo ho hopoloa sehopotso sena la bara ba motho Serbia, moo ho fihlela letsatsing lena hopola heroism tsa masole tsa Red Army. Ho tloha ka ho lokolloa ha Belgrade e ile ea etsahala ka 1944, eo Union 'me baeta-pele ba Yugoslav sesole bapetse karolo ea bohlokoa?

prehistory

Mosebetsi oa Yugoslavia ke masole a Manazi qala ka mora oa libomo le matla haholo ea Belgrade la 6 April, 1941. Hang ka mor'a hore sebopeho sena sa mokhatlo oa likhukhuni. Le qalong mapheo a mabeli teng: marena le a makomonisi a. Ho hlakile hore e entseng selekane le entse qeto ea ho tšehetsa batšehetsi ba isitsoeng kholehong King Peter II. Leha ho le joalo, ke ka 1943 ho monarchists, kapa, ha ba ntse ba ba bitsoa, le Chetniks, ka ho feletseng nyelisa tlhoekiso ea merabe ea batho bao e seng Serb baahi ba Yugoslavia le Soviet Union 'me mebuso ea British qala ho pepenene tshehetsa le moeta-pele ea Bokomonisi Josip Broz Tito.

Boemo bo ka pel'a pele ho buuoa Belgrade

Ka lebaka la boemo ba eona libaka, Serbia haesale ntlha mosolotogamaano Linaheng Tsa Balkan. Ka lebaka leo, Jeremane taelo ea ho tloha matsatsing a pele a ea mosebetsi oa karolo ena ea Yugoslavia 'na ho na le lebotho la haholo. Ho feta moo, katleho ea Red Army ka Romania le Bulgaria, 'me e ea lokolloa ho Danube Serbia ba bohlokoa le ho feta bakeng sa Wehrmacht. 'Nete ke hore ka meeli e ka bochabela ea naha Majeremane ba ne ba ho hlophisa ea mola tshireletso khahlanong le masole pele ea Soviet Union, e neng e tla ntša mabotho a sona ho tloha Greece le Macedonia le ho romela ba ho sireletsa meeli ea Jeremane. Kahoo, ho ne ho totobetse hore ho lokolloa ha Belgrade (1944) e tla ba ho le thata 'me ho tla hlokahala hore ho lokisetsa hantle.

Ka ho khetheha, ho feta 28 July 1944 ba NLA ea Yugoslavia ba ne ba tsoa Bosnia ikutloeleng Serbia, 'me ka September ka qala ho fumana makhotla a Soviet Union. Litaba tsa atamela ea Red Army ile ka cheseho o ile a amohela ka ho baahi ba motse-moholo Yugoslav, e leng seo e ne e le pontšo ea hore ho lokolloa ha Belgrade le haufi. Ho phaella moo, ka ho mathoasong a hoetla, ka taelo Jeremane etsa qeto ea ho ikhula Linaheng tsa Balkan ho Hungary Army Group "E", le ho lokolloa ha Bulgaria phatlalatsa hore ba futuhela Jeremane le chesa ho ka pele Seukraine Ke Laela III, II le IV ea Se-bulgaria Army.

Qala ho sebetsa

Ka nako ya ho tloha ho 15 ho 21 September la bo17 la lilemo Air Army o ile a laeloa ke taelo ea Soviet Union ho marokho bomo le lintho tse ling tsa bohlokoa, ka tsela eo ho thibela ho khaotsa ho tsuba ba mabotho a Jeremane ho tloha libakeng tse ka boroa tsa Yugoslavia le Greece. Ka mor'a moo, ka la 28 September, ba khopisang ba ile ba qala ka Belgrade 57th Army, e leng ho tloha lehlakoreng le letona koahela Danube Flotilla, a tlameha ho tsamaea ho pholletsa minefields ena. masole a Soviet Union ka tšebelisano-'moho le likarolo NOAYU ka nako e khutšoanyane bo qhetsola ka tšireletso le sera sa ho le seo moeling oa Bulgaria 'me a etsa le temana e thata ka Seserbia Carpathians, kamehla ho kopanela lintoeng le Majeremane ba ikhula.

Belgrade e lokolloa: letsatsi le mekhahlelo e ka sehloohong ea opereishene

Ea October 8, masole a Soviet Union a tšela Morava noka le theha bridgehead ka Palanka le Velika Plana. Ho tloha moo ka October 12 qala ho khopisa ka Belgrade ho tloha boroa, e neng e e-ba teng ka ho sa diyuniti Se-bulgaria sesole le 2 NOAYU mele. Ka nako e tšoanang o ile a qala ho tšela ea Danube e mong oa mehaho ea Front Seukraine, eo lokiselitse hore ho hlaseloa Yugoslavia, motse-moholo oa ka leboea-bochabela.

Ka October 14, Belgrade tshebetso latelang liketsahalo ileng sa etsahala:

• Bo12 NOAYU botseta o neng o laola litsela tse isang ho motse-moholo, teng ka boroa ho Sava River;
• V Balebeli Mechine botseta tla ho Belgrade 'me a kopanela ntoeng ka mathōkong lona;
• 57th Army qala ho atamela haufi le Danube, leka ho ka potlako fumana ho Belgrade.

Ho phaella moo, ka October 16 ka Smederevo Danube flotilla e ne e le lulisa. Esita le thuso ea matla a joalo e kholo e feletseng ho lokolloa ha Belgrade tloha Manazi a nka matsatsi a tšeletseng feela ho tloha qalong ea opereishene. 'nete ea hore Jeremane motse Garrison ne batho ba fetang 20,000, o ne a rua lithunya 170 le likanono le litanka 40. 'Me, ho ahlola ho tswa ho taelo se sephiring sa Ea Wehrmacht Taelo, mabotho a tsena tsohle li ne li tla etsa sehlabelo e le hore ho tiisa hore a khaotsa ho tsuba a likete ba lebotho sehlopha "E".

diyuniti sesole tse ileng tsa fella ka ho Belgrade opereishene, 'me CA le NOAYU sa tahlehelo

Ka lehlakoreng le Soviet Union ka hlaseloa motse-moholo Yugoslav kopanela IV Balebeli Mechine botseta, 236th Infantry, 73th le 106th Balebeli Division, e mong-ba khahlanong le lifofane libetsa karohano, 'maloa seretse, libetsa le ho intša propelled libetsa regiments, tse tharo tse arohaneng-ba khahlanong le lifofane libetsa Regiment. Ho phaella moo, e mong lokela ho halala karolo ea lehlakoreng Yugoslav o file 8 likarohano, ntle le e leng ho lokolloa ha Belgrade ba ne ba tla lieha le ho feta. Nakong ea opereishene ea Red Army lahlehileng e lemetseng, re bolaoe le sieo masole a fetang 30 000 le balaoli ba leng ka ho toba ka ho motse, a bolaea ka 1,000 literateng. Ka tsela eo NOAYU lehlatsipa nakong hlasela ea e-ba 2953 baithaopi.

baeta-pele ba sesole, phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho lokolloa ha motse-moholo Yugoslav

Ho lokolloa ha Belgrade (1944) e ile ea etsahala leboha ba bangata hore liketso hokahangoa oa balaoli Union 'me Yugoslav. Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, ka karolo e phethoang ka sehloohong e ka abeloa III ne Seukraine ka pele o ile a laela F. I. Tolbuhina, ka ho khetheha le 57th Army, eo ka motsotso oo o ile a laela Lt. Gen. N. A. Gagen. Har'a Union baeta-pele ba sesole ba lokela hape ho hlokomela General Zhdanov, ea ileng a laela IV Balebeli Mechine botseta 'me a fumana ho buuoa Belgrade e le sehlooho sa Hero tsa Soviet Union le Hero Batho ea Yugoslavia. Mabapi le ho ba laela diyuniti NOAYU itsohlometsa eaba Belgrade, ho ile le behiloeng tlhokomelong ea Dapchevicha Peko, ea seng a bontšitse tsebo ea hae ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng esita le nakong ea Spain Ntoa ea Lehae ea.

Khau "Ka Tokoloho ea Belgrade"

Ho khothatsa ba khetholloa eena ka ntoa bakeng sa motse-moholo oa Yugoslavia, la 9 June, 1945 ka khethehileng boemo khau ho ile ha thehoa. E ne e le khau "Ka Tokoloho ea Belgrade", tsona e ile ea ka 70.000 batho. khau ena ke selika-likoe e phethahetseng ea 3.2 cm, le bophara ba koporo, e amana ka ho lesale tab ya le tekanyetso pentagonal le literata, e leng e koahetsoe le e ntšo tala theipi hlobolisa bohareng. The obverse ea chelete ea tšepe e beha khonvekse mongolo "Ka lebaka la Tokoloho la Belgrade", ka holimo eo ke naleli hlano nchocho. Ho feta moo, ho bontšitsoe circumferentially Laurel. Ha e le khutlisetsang ho, ho na le e ne e se letsatsi la ho lokolloa ha Belgrade le mongolo oo ke tsa bonahala e nyenyane naleli ena hlano nchocho. moralo khau ileng ba bōptjoa ke moetsi oa litšoantšo A. I. Kuznetsovym, ho e hlophisitsweng ho apara ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la sefuba.

Mekete e lokela ho tšoaea sehopotso ea bo70 ea ho lokolloa ha Belgrade

Leha parade ea neano ka lekhetlo la ho phethoa ha Mosebetsi oa Jeremane ea motse-moholo oa Serbia e neng e tšoaretsoe la 20 October, 2014, mekete e neng e tšoaretsoe matsatsi a mane pele ho moo. Ho ea ka phetolelo ea molao ea ho ile e loketseng ha e le hantle hore ke October 16, 1944, masole a Soviet Union a lokolloa e le setsi sa Belgrade. Hape, mochine ile ea tlaleha hore hona ho entsoe ho etsa bonnete ba hore ka ho keteka mokete ona ha o ne a e-ba teng ke Mopresidente Vladimir Putin.

Hits "mohloli Mohato" Belgrade

October 16, 2014 motse-moholo Seserbia ka lekhetlo la pele parade e sesole e ile ea tšoareloa ka mor'a 1985. Ka tsela eo, ba boholong ba naheng ena a etsa qeto ea ho ea keteka sehopotso ea bo70 ea ho lokolloa ha Belgrade. Ha mokete ona o ile oa e-ba teng ka ho baahi ba ka bang 100 ba sekete, le ba boholong ka ho fetisisa la Serbia le V. V. Putin. Ho phaella ho feta mokoloko oa masole Serb le thepa tse sepakapakeng fetang Belgrade o ile a bontša bonono bona tsa bakhanni ba Russia tsa sehlopha sa "Swifts".

Kahoo, re ka re e lekang ho ngwaloleswa histori ea tse lekholo tse fetileng ka Europe tabeng ea Serbia ha ho ba le katleho, 'me batho ba naha ena hopola feat, masole a Soviet Union ba ile ba lelekoa Bofasista scum le lokolla Belgrade.