Fish-ja litlhapi. Seo le kamoo ho ka fepa litlhapi ka leoatleng?

Lefatše la rōna e leo ho ahiloeng ho ke baemeli ba e hlollang ea liphoofolo, e mong le e ba tse nang le litšobotsi tse ba lona bo ikhethang. Re tseba ho hongata ka bona: ka mohlala, ho koala koala ha a noa metsi, katse hantle bona lefifing, le li-dolphin li na le bohlale hoo e ka bang batho. Le seo re se tsebang ka tlhapi, ntle le hore ho na le e sebediswa bakeng sa lijo, 'me ho na le tsohle inedible le esita le chefo?

Sehloohong sena, re tla bolella ka baahi ba hlollang ea ka tekanyo ka tlas'a metsi, ho ba le mapheoana: ka bophelo ba bona ka bolibeng, 'me mekhoa e ka seo tlhapi ja, ho itšetlehile ka tikoloho eo ba phelang ho eona.

U tla fumana ho lefatše e sa tsejoeng tsa 'muso ka tlas'a metsi, moo hase lintho tsohle ke kahoo le khutso le khotso e le ho bonahala ka chebo ea mahlo. Ka mohlala, ka metsi a phela tlhapi, ho fepa ka litlhapi le liphoofolo tse nyenyane. Ho boetse ho na rybolyuby-linonyana le liphoofolo tse se averse ho ja limenyemenye tse qetang ho tšoaroa.

Ho e mong le e menu ya hae

Ke mofuta wa boitshwaro ba le mekhoa ea ho ja ea litlhapi tse arohaneng haholo-holo ka e jang nama le khotso. Jang nama - e ke tlhapi fish-ja, 'me ka linako tse ling feela o ile a sebelisa lijo tse sa tšoaneng. Ba sokela ka ho teba ka fish-je nama, haholo-holo bao e leng ba boholo nyenyane.

Khotso, le eena, a ke phytophage, benthophages le plankton. Ha e le hantle, ke litlhapi tse fepa ka dimelametsing.

Phytophage jang phytoplankton feela, ka mantsoe a mang - phaphametseng dimelametsing. Benthophages - tlhapi e fepa ka dimelametsing hore hōle ka botebo (tse bitsoang phytobenthos) le likaroloana manyolo. Planktophages khetha zooplankton le ha averse ho tse phelang le 'ngoe-e nang le sele e lule ho nōka.

Ho phaella moo, ho na le omnivores euryphages - litlhapi tse fepa ka litlhapi, dimelametsing le invertebrates nyenyane. menu ya bona ke tse sa tšoaneng ka ho fetisisa.

bajaki noka

Sheba nōka, re ha ba tsebe letho kamoo e khōlō ea mefuta eohle ea libōpuoa tse phelang phela tlas'a holim metsi. E mong le e sebakeng se tšoauoa ka lona "disete" ea litlhapi hloekileng. Ka mohlala, ka linōka ka naheng ea Russia li fumanoa baemeli ba kang Bersh, carp, dace, ruff, Sturgeon, trout, tsa whitefish, Grayling.

Hape ka metsi Russia ka fumanoa qhibilihisa, Pike, carp, bream, chub. Ho phaella moo, ho na le ho joalo ba ratoang ke anglers carp, minnows, carp, Roach, Rudd, tench, bagre, burbot, kalaneng. 'Me sena ke se lethathamo feletseng tsa mefuta eohle.

Carnivorous likoeteng noka

The iphepe ka tlhapi ka nōkeng? E mong le e ba bona ba na le lijo tsa bona. Noka lulang menu ya itšetlehile ka lintho tse ngata: mofuta oa tlase (lehlabathe kapa mafikeng), leoatle, 'me esita le nakong ea selemo.

A re ke re qala ka libatana khale, tse akarelletsang tlhapi, tlhapi-ja. Ho Bersh, Sturgeon, trout, Pike, bagre, swamp eel, noka kalaneng. A re ke re nahana ka bona:

• Bersh ke ea Okuneva lelapa le shebahala tšoana haholo le kalaneng ho. Ena e jang nama sekolo litlhapi tse jang Fry ea Roach le Rudd. U se ke ua ba leqe ho nka minnows nyenyane le ruffs.
• Sturgeon ke ea lelapa la lebitso tšoanang. Sena ke e liphoofolo tse li jang le mabifi hore ba ka thabela lijo menu ya ka sehloohong le "loma" Frog. Ka palo e kholo ea noka Sturgeon le hlaha feela ha ba spawn. Tsena fallang litlhapi tse jang ja, eseng feela ka metsi a hloekileng, empa hape letsoai.
• Loach - moemeli kgolo haholo ya lelapa litlhapi tsa salmon, e leng ho nkoa e liphoofolo tse li jang hobane haholo rata tlhapi caviar, bolila tranelate ka ngata, ka tsela eo ho fokotsa palo ea baahi ba bona hore ba boholo koluoa. Hape preys trout ka litlhapi tsa salmon Fry.
• Pike - feela moemeli oa lelapa la lebitso tšoanang. Ho mabifi ka ho fetisisa, voracious, e jang nama motho. The rasio lijo tsa lona e kenyeletsa ryboshki kang carp le Roach. Ho phaella moo, Pike "utloa bohloko" etsoang ke malimo: tlhapi tsena ke libatana ja baemeli ba nyenyane ba mofuta oa bona. The tse fapa-fapaneng ka menu ka etsa Pike le liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyenyane (mohlala, toeba), e neng e le ka metsing. Hape Pike phofu e ka ba tse nyenyane linonyana tsa metsing le malinyane a tsona.
• Bagre tsa lelapa la soms ka mekhoa ea bona ho ja ka tsela e tšoanang ho Pike le. E jang tlhapi e nyenyane, 'me waterfowl ka hlasela litsuonyana. baemeli ba kgolo phofu ka linonyana tse khōlō, hammoho le kgona ho nka metsi nyane ntja kapa namane. Ho na le Maemong a ha bagre hlaseloa maeba hore iphumana kobola ea lijo-thollo ka bohale metsi. Sena "meharo" ho lijo ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore ho fepa feela linako tsa selemo mofuthu,' me mariha a lapile.
• Burbot ke ea odara Cod. tlhapi tsena ke libatana tsoma phofu bosiu, 'me le je se tlhapi feela, ho akarelletsa le likorilla joaloka bona, empa hape decaying liphoofolo le tsona lihohoana.
• Noka kalaneng e bobeli setsomi le phofu. E jang tlhapi e nyenyane, 'me o ke lijo tsa Pike le zander.

je nama ka tlas'a metsi

Baahi ka bolibeng ba nōka - tlhapi e se nang kotsi e fepa ka dimelametsing le phytoplankton, detritus. Phytoplankton - semela lintho tse nyenyane, e leng se ka bongata lule matangoana 'me ba fallela ka nōka.

Hangata ka le phytoplankton ha bonahalang ho ka mahlo, kahoo batho ba u se ke ua fa e le boleng. Boholo ba rōna re ke ke esita le hlokomela lintho tse tsena tse nyenyane, leha ho le joalo ba - overriding jeng nama lekgotlakamedi seo fepa litlhapi ka nōkeng. Sena ke 'nete haholo-holo oa mefuta e kang joang bo carp, carp silevera le tench. Re ithuta ho eketsehileng ka tsona:

• Cupid - "letsoalloa" la lelapa carp. Ho fepa feela ka meroho le lijo: seretse, dimelametsing tse sa tšoaneng le lehlaka. O ka boela sebelisa koahetsoe nakong ea moroallo oa tsa lefatše dimela noka.
• Carp ke ea lelapa e tšoanang le carp, 'me khetha nyenyane dimelametsing le detritus. Carp molomo - ka ea mofuta ofe "filtara sesebediswa", ka lebaka leo tlhapi ena e tala metsi a-filter, e le mofuta oa noka tsamaiso ea likhoerekhoere.
• Lin - tlhapi sedentary haholo khetha ho phela haufi le tlase kapa merung kelp. Tse fetang 60% ea lijo tsa lona e na le dimelametsing.

euryphages omnivorous

Hoa thahasellisa hore hoo e ka bang tsohle beng ba mapheoana, ebang vegans khotso kapa carnivores carnivores ka nako ya kgolo ya a sebetsang a ke omnivores. The iphepe ka tlhapi ka nōkeng, tse classified e le euryphages? Karabo e bonolo: hoo e ka bang tsohle tse o fumana ka melomo ea bona. Ena e nyenyane noka plankton, crustaceans, molluscs, protozoa, 'me esita le likokoanyana! Sena ke 'nete haholo-holo ea liphoofolo ba banyenyane. Khalori lijo - e le karolo ea bohlokoa, eo ho eona tlhapi hōla hlokang.

Jang likokoanyana, "mocha" ha se hakaalo hore e ba tse jang, 'me ba ja dimelametsing le Fry hase kamehla hola phytophage. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le ba bang ba litlhapi tse boloke reng "omnivorous" ho pholletsa le bophelo:

• Elec - "letsoalloa" la lelapa carp. Ke ja invertebrates phelang ka tlase e, hammoho le limela le likokoanyana.
• Ruff ke ea lelapa Okuneva. O ne a le Hoa makatsa hore ebe ba meharo le jang kamehla. The seratsoana se ka sehloohong sa ruff e - invertebrates, likokoanyana le larvae ea bona, mefuta itseng ea likhofu tse nyenyane, mahe litlhapi le mefuta e meng ea dimelametsing.
• Grayling - moemeli oa lelapa la lebitso tšoanang. Ka ruff, ho fepa ka zooplankton, likokoanyana, mahe le tlhapi spawning.
• Qhibilihisa - omnivorous tlhapi, e leng ha e ikhule ho tloha lijo leha e le joaloka mahe le Fry ea litlhapi tse ling, dimelametsing, tse phelang benthic.
• Carp - ke kholo euryphage carp lelapa. Ha a na le mala, kahoo ea hae tlala mohla timeng. tlhapi ena jang mefuta itseng ea likhofu, likokoanyana larvae, zooplankton, phelang ka seretse tlase.
• Bream e fapaneng ho tloha ka ho fetisisa tlhapi nyane molomo qalang. Hobane litšobotsi ena anatomical le sa khone ho monya lijo kgolo, kahoo khotsofalla detritus, likokoanyana tse nyenyane le liboko.
• ASP ke ea lelapa carp. Namane ea tlhapi ena jang likokoanyana, zooplankton, crustaceans nyenyane. Hola hore motho ka mong a ho switjha ho "jang nama" seratsoana. Ka ASP tšoanang ha se na meno le fumana chelete tlhapi bona nyenyane, hlollang le ho otla mohatla. Ha a ikhule, le likokoanyana tse khōlō, tse kang lirurubele, maleshoane, dragonflies.
• Karas - le leng hape moemeli oa euryphages litlhapi. lijo tsa bona ke crustaceans, likokoanyana larvae, molluscs, slime, dimelametsing, benthic plankton, duckweed.
• Gudgeon - mohlala o tloaelehileng oa benthophages. E jang zooplankton, likokoanyana tse nyenyane le tse molluscs, hammoho le tse fapa-fapaneng tlhapi caviar.
• Rudd - tlhapi ea lelapa carp. Ho e mosa ea "litmus teko" ho bona hore boleng ba metsi a - Rudd phela feela ka metsi a hloekileng. menu ya hae e na le letlobo mocha ea limela tse sa tšoaneng tsa metsing, likokoanyana le larvae bona le mahe a ea mefuta itseng ea likhofu, eo tlhapi ena e ka mekatelo ea khahla.
• Roach - sena a ikokobelitse lijo litlhapi tsa lelapa carp jang crustaceans nyenyane le longoa ke likokoana feela, lefehlo larvae, bloodworms, dimelametsing le dipeo.

Ja mekhoa ea baahi ba letšeng

Se ke ua lebala hore, ho phaella ho linōka le matša a ho na le le ho feta hore hape ho na le batho ba mefuta eohle ba libopuoa tse ka tlas'a metsi: likhofu, lihohoana, crayfish. Ka matamo joalo lulang Ozyornaya tlhapi iphepe ka crustaceans tse nyenyane: Sturgeon, carp, joang carp, tench, kalaneng, mookoli trout, carp, Roach, tsa whitefish le nkee.

Fish e phelang ka letšeng, o na le lijo tse fapaneng hanyenyane ho feta ho nōka. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ho microclimate khethehileng metsi. Noka e jang nama tlhapi joaloka mekhoa e tsa whitefish bona ho ja fapana letšeng ke 'nete ea hore ho ja tsa ba bangata ba bona, 60% e na le phytoplankton le dimelametsing.

Kholo ka ho fetisisa ho fetisisa le voracious iphepe Ozyornaya tlhapi ka crustaceans nyenyane, phytoplankton le zooplankton - e carp. Tšoana le nōka lona "Mor'abo rōna", ha ho mohla a jang, hobane ke tlhapi ntle mpeng ya. Hape, crustaceans nyane ka bongata ja bream.

Baahi ba letsoai leoatle

Tebileng leoatle e tletse mefuta eohle ea baemeli ba liphoofolo, haholo-holo litlhapi. Tšoana le nōka, ba ile ba ba nang le khotso le e jang nama. The iphepe ka tlhapi ka leoatleng? Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore e nang feta lieu ke phelang tse sa tšoaneng, metsing a batang-menu ya ke tse sa tšoaneng ho feta noka bona "beng ka bona."

The atileng ka ho fetisisa leoatle "motsoala" Nōka pop lady phela tsela e batlang e nang le khotso ea bophelo - mullet, herring, tseo mullet, khubelu mullet le Roach. Ke hobane'ng ha "ka"? Hobane tlhapi tsena fepa ka dimelametsing, ka linako tse ling a ka ja joaloka boeena.

Menu tlhapi mabifi, ho fapana ho baahi ba nang le khotso ba bolibeng leoatle, ho feta tse sa tšoaneng. The fepa ka tlhapi ka sea-libatana? Hoa thahasellisa ho tseba hore ho na le liphoofolo tse li jang tse nyenyane le mapheoana a ka 'na etsa hore lijo tsa tlhapi kholoanyane carnivorous. The atileng ka ho fetisisa ea naha - e mackerel, litlhapi tsa salmon, bagre, flounder, halibut, mackerel, litlhapi tsa salmon, tuna, tsa cod le sego lily.

Lijo bakeng sa tlhapi khotso Marine

1. Mullet ke ea MULLETS lelapa. Ke ea bohlokoa lijo litlhapi tsa boholo mahareng, e leng fepa dentritom, morue le leoatle, e ka lebaka leo ba nka Ntlafatso naha leoatle.
2. Herring - the "jele" tsohle. lerato la hae le linonyana, le liphoofolo tse se leoatleng , 'me re - batho. E jang crustaceans nyenyane le zooplankton. Larger baemedi herring ka 'na ba kopanela etsoang ke malimo, ja namane ea mosa a bona.
3. Mullet e nkoa e mong oa litlhapi ho fetisisa monate. lijo tsa bona (zooplankton le Dentro), e digs tsoa sediments tlase.
4. Fish le lebitso le qabola mullet jang tse phelang tse nyenyane benthic, sebelisa antennae bona bakeng sa fumbles lijo.
5. Pheleu e - e mong oa ratang ka ho fetisisa anglers phofu. E isang bophelo demersal le jang mefuta itseng ea likhofu tse nyenyane le tse zooplankton.

Lijo tsa libatana tlhapi metsing

1. Mackerel - e ke e 'ngoe ea litlhapi ho fetisisa ratoa chesa ke batho. Sena se liphoofolo tse li jang-euryphage, e fepa bobeli plankton le nyenyane le kelello e joalo.
2. Pinki litlhapi tsa salmon - sena ke e mong oa baemeli ba bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ho tšoasa litlhapi tsa lelapa tsa salmon. Linaheng tse ling, tlhapi ena e bitsoa "Russia litlhapi tsa salmon". lijo tsa lona e na le mefuta itseng ea likhofu, le litlhapi tse nyenyane tse, crustaceans le Fry.
3. Bagre khetha metsi a batang, kahoo lulang ka botebo ka toka haholo. Thanks ho mehlahare lona hantle ntshetswa pele menu ya ke tenyetsehang haholo. Bagre ja makhala, clams, urchins leoatle, lobsters, starfish le sesang ka linako tse ling. U se ke ua nyatsa bagre le tlhapi, tse phahametseng hōle ka seemo.
4. Flounder e ikhethang ka lebaka la ponahalo ea lona e sa tloaelehang. Ena lady gaga e bataletse isang bophelo demersal le preys ka tlhapi e nyenyane 'me crustaceans, hlasela ba ho tloha setšabelo sa hae lehlabathe.
5. Halibut ke lelapa la flatfish le e tsamaisoa ke ho tsoana le ho flounder ena. Ratang o fuoa ho bitsoang capelin le batna.
6. Mackerel - setsomi se lebelo. E ba le tlhapi phofu kang anchovy, khubelu mullet le mullet. Ha a tele malinyane a bona. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, pere e mackerel - lijo ratang bakeng sa li-dolphin.
7. Salmon - ka ho fetisisa ratang ka ho fetisisa batho ba litlhapi. E ho pharaletseng sebediswa ka pheha ka Kitchens ea lefatše. Ka fepa ka leoatle litlhapi tsa salmon ka herring, tseo sprat, qhibilihisa, herring le crustaceans.
8. Tuna ke ea lelapa Scombridae le ke bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa khoebo litlhapi. E jang cephalopods, le mefuta e itseng ea tlhapi e nyenyane 'me squid le makhala.
9. Cod le walleye se fapana ka mekhoa ea bona ho ja tsoang holimo "basebetsi-'moho."

fallang Menu aquarium

Ka aquarium ho na le feshene mokhoa ho hlophisa ketsiso tsa leoatle tebileng. Ho etsa sena, aquarium e khabisitsoeng ka likorale, Anemones me ba qale ho tlhapi eksotiske ho tswa ho maoatle le maoatleng. Fumana le tokelo ya "khampani" motho ea hlokang tsebo ke a hlola a ba khona ho - hobane baahi ba bangata ba pseudo-leoatle morao khalase ka 'na senya e mong le tse ling tse ka ho ya ka litšobotsi tsa lijo. Mabifi likoeteng tlhapi tla lula tsoma bakeng sa herbivores khotso - e lokela ho nahana ka eona ha a khetha e 'mala "baahi ba" le mapheoana. hloko ka ho khetheha ba lokela ho ho leshwa ho seo litlhapi fepa ka leoatleng. Ho fetisisa ratoa carnivorous aquarium "baeti ba mose ho maoatle" - e discus, Astronotus, piranha, tlhapi, lionfish, Apistogramma, Yellow.

Baahi ba nang le khotso ba leoatle ka aquarium e ka phela Clown tlhapi, dwarf gourami, angelfish, Neon, bana tetras.

Haeba u etsa qeto ea ho lokisetsa ka tlung ea hae ka lefatše ka tlas'a metsi, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho fumana hore na baahi ba fepa aquarium lapeng - ka leoatle kapa leoatleng. Ba Hlekefetsang ba Bang joaloka likhofu Yellow tl'o ja le crustaceans nyenyane, 'me hape se averse ho tsoma bakeng sa tlhapi e nyenyane. Khema le bona le cichlids tse ling, 'me Astronotus le piranha.

Empa dimelametsing - e 's seo e fepa litlhapi-Clown. Hammoho le ba bangata ba tse ling tse baahi khotso aquarium.

Noka litsomi tlhapi

Fish-ja linonyana, e kotsi haholo bakeng sa bona, ho sa tsotellehe tikoloho bona. lira tsa nang le mapheo noka Baemeli - sena o motsho lihlooho gulls, ea bohlooho likokolofitoe, cranes, phakoe e jang litlhapi le tšoeu-gelada. linonyana tsena voracious ka senya nomoro ea tonanahali ea litlhapi. Re ithuta ho eketsehileng ka tsona:

• Black lihlooho (noka / batsho leba gull) - e omnivorous, ja nonyana nepereborchivaya tse nyenyane ka boholo. Ka lebaka webbed paws letata la leoatleng ka ho phethahetseng ho sesa le tšoasa tlhapi tloha holim 'a metsi bakeng sa bona ha se ho le thata.
• likokolofitoe Gray le cranes - ka linonyana ka toka khōlō, eo khetha lijo phoofolo feela. Fish e ka bang 80% ea lijo tsa bona, tse setseng 20% - lihoho e le litoeba.
• Phakoe e jang litlhapi - ka lintsu noka. Ba thathamisitsoe e le kotsing ea ho fela. Phakoe e jang litlhapi - tlhapi-ja linonyana le ho feela! Ba tsoma sebelisa paws clawed, hapang phofu ka ntle ho metsi. Phakoe e jang litlhapi - le sera sa ho mpe ka ho fetisisa ea baahi ba noka ho sa tsotellehe hore mefuta e.
• Tšoeu-gelada ntsu, joaloka phakoe e jang litlhapi le, ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book. Ke nonyana e khōlō ea phofu, ho fepa ka litlhapi le linonyana tse nyenyane tse. Hape le ka e tšoeu-gelada menu ya ntsu e kenyeletsa hares, bokotokwe fatše, marmots, le litoeba tse ling. Ha ba khesa carrion.

Tse nang le mapheo litsomi Marine

Fish e phela ka leoatle, ha li sa 'mele ho tloha seo e tla ba lijo tsa linonyana. bophelo ba bona ba ka mafolofolo kena-kenana masiba-gourmets ratang ka cormorants, albatrosses, petrels, gulls. Maoatleng o ka leboea le maoatle ba penguin tlhapi tsoma.

1. Cormorant - e 's haholo nonyana kholo jang bitsoang capelin se feela, sardine le herring, tseo empa hape clams. Mahlo a litsomi tsena tse nang le mapheo na bonaletsang nictitating lera e koahetsoe tlas'a metsi ha ke ea mofuta ofe likhalase ka tlas'a metsi. Likarolo ena anatomical tsa cormorants hantle bona phofu ea eona tlasa lenaneng la metsi.
2. Nonyana e bitsoang albatross - leoatle mophonyohi. Holim'a bophelo ba eona e 30 ea lilemo tsa motho e mong o chesa ka palo e khōlō ea litlhapi le la morue, squid le clams. Albatrosses ka ikakhela ho limithara tse 15 ka botebo, 'me na le kutloisiso e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa oa ho fofonela.
3. Puffin shebahala tšoanang le leeba, empa, ho fapana le ea bobeli, o na le e kholoanyane haholo le webbed maoto. Potoloho ea bophelo ba linonyana tsena ke lilemo tse 20-26. Matla ba na le ho tšoana le hore ba albatrosses le cormorants. Hape petrels hangata e tsamaea le likepe podedu lijo litšila.
4. Gulls - linonyana feela hore u se ke ua ba le lira tsa tlhaho. lijo tsa bona ka sehloohong - sena ke haholo-holo litlhapi le mefuta itseng ea likhofu, likokoanyana, linonyana tse nyenyane 'me mahe a bona, crustaceans, carrion le litšila. Tsena prilovchilis mano fumana clams tloha esita le likhetla ho fetisisa tsoarellang, akhela bona ho tloha ba bolelele e.
5. Penguin - nonyana-connoisseurs. Ba ke ke ba ba le nkhang kapa khale tlhapi, e le etsa se seagulls kapa petrels. lijo tsa bona lokela ho ba qetang haholo, ho na le plankton, tlhapi, krill, squid le cephalopods. Lijo tlhotla penguin, qoela ka botebo ba limithara tse 20-70.

The bothata le lebōpong

Ho phaella ho le linonyana le litlhapi anglers lira tsa ba liphoofolo. Ja tlhapi e mene liphoofolo maoto mohla hopotse le monyetla oa ho thabela ho ba le lijo li ratang. Haholo-holo e ngata ea bophelo ba "ba ratang Gourmet 'ka nōka. Seo liphoofolo tse jang tlhapi? Sena muskrat, Otter, shrew, muskrat. Hape, ho ke ke haholo rata mink le ho ja ka ho ngata.