Ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic. Likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic

A re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic. Sehlooho sena se e ka mehloli e mengata e fanoa ka ntle feela. Ka lebaka leo, tse di maleba tsa batho ba bangata ke potso e reng: "? Nka fumana tlhaloso ya Leoatleng la Atlantic" Ka linako tse ling ho hloka thuto ea ka ho phethahetseng ka taba ena. A sehloohong sena a re 'nile ba leka ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho senola taba ena.

Ho tloha ka hlalosa sebopeho sa naha tlase ea Leoatleng la Atlantic, re ela hloko hore bohareng ba bo-Atlantic Ridge - orographic la ntlha la oona elements. Ho latela sebaka seo a ke feela hanyenyane ka tlase ho e leoatleng (24.6% le 37,6% ho latellana). All orilla leoatle hore arola likarolo tse peli. Ba ka lekana ka boholo. Kakaretso tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le Leoatleng la Atlantic, hammoho le tsebo e akaretsang ea jeokrafi tla ho dumella ho utloisisa hantle hore na ke sefe se thupeng sehloohong sena. E le hore ho molemo a emele lefelo la leoatle leo re na le thahasello, re fana ka maikutlo a ho tlwaelanya le karete ya.

Ka bophirimela ea orilla bohare

Newfoundland orilla teng bophirimela ho orilla bohareng ba bo-leoatleng. Plateau ea Rio Grande, ho hōlisa Ceará, Ridge li-barracuda le sehlabeng Bermuda, hammoho le dipeakanyo ea bohareng ba bo-Atlantic Ridge le kontinenteng thōko tlas'a metsi, arola halofo e ka bophirimela ea mokatong leoatle ho Argentina, Brazil, Guiana (sa Guyana), Amerika Leboea, Newfoundland le Labrador Basin . Norwegian-Greenland Basin le Baffin Sea atisa ho nkoa e le karolo ea maoatle e fapaneng - ho Arctic.

Labrador le Newfoundland Basin

Re tsoela pele ho pale ea hore ke utloa ho re kokololo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic. Ka bokhutšoanyane hlalosa libeisine tse peli - Newfoundland le Labrador (botebo palo e kahodimodimo ea ho qetela - limithara tse 5160). Ha e le hantle, etsa hore e unit trust le 'ngoe. Boholo ba bona ba ae phethang bataletseng abyssal thota. Ka meridian potlana tataiso e lifapano le abyssal phuleng ena Hazen. Newfoundland Basin sireletsoa orilla ka boroa ho lebitso tšoanang. O, joalokaha ho bontšoa ke ithuta fapaneng litšisinyeho tsa lefatše mexri ke bokella e le mofuta o le senatla, e leng le amahanngoa le motsamao oa maqhubu a tebileng-leoatle sedimentary lintho tse bonahalang.

North American libeisine, Guiana le Ceará

North American Basin - sena ke e 'ngoe ea libeisine kholo ka ho fetisisa hore tšoaea ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic. Tlhaloso e khutšoanyane hoo e tla tsoela pele ho pale ea rona. Botebo bo boholo beisine ke limithara tse 7110. sehlabeng Bermuda e teng hoo e ka bang bohareng ba karolong e ka leboea. E boetse e totobatsa ha seretse se chesang massif Corner (ho seng joalo e bitsoa angular ts'ehetsana) le Thabeng ea Kelvin. Wavy abyssal thota fetela le ho tloha Bermuda le sehlabeng ho ea ka boroa. Ka periphery ea beisine le tse a bataletseng abyssal lithoteng Nares, Hatteras le bagre. North American Basin sehelane moeli le ka boroa-bophirimela ho tloha Blake-Bahama Ridge, hammoho le Link Antilles theko. Last fetela le hammoho sa Puerto Rico foro. E arola, ka blocky orilla li-barracuda, teng ka sequel eona, Guiana beisine ho tloha North America. Inflow terrigene sedimentary lintho tse bonahalang e fana ka hoo e ka bang ba bokahohleng ntshetsopeleng ya lithoteng bo batalle abyssal bitsoa thota Demerara ka hare Guiana sekoti. Guiana Basin na le botebo palo e kahodimodimo ea limithara tse 5109 karolong e ka leboea-bophirimela, e leng e khetholla haholo maralleng. Nyenyane-boholo bo lekaneng ho ts'ehetsana Ceará thatafatsoa ke foqoha seretse se chesang ka tlas'a metsi, e arohane le beisine ea Ceará. Botebo khōlō ka ho fetisisa ke limithara tse 4700 ho qetela. Botebong ba beisine e lula bataletseng thoteng ea lebitso tšoanang. Re lokela ho hlokomela e mong 2 abyssal liphula. Sena ke Wild, e incision botebo fihla limithara tse 250 (e amahanya Guiana le North American libeisine) le Pernambuco (kopanya Brazil le Guiana Basin).

Basin Brazil

Beisine kholo ka ho fetisisa karolong e ka bophirimela ea leoatle - Brazil. Mona, ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic hangata maralleng. Thoteng ea Pernambuco, e leng sebaka se senyenyane sa beisine, ho wavy. Sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie foqoha seretse se chesang e plurality ka beisineng ea Brazil. Ba bang ba ho phahama ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle, eaba ba etsa le sehlekehleke seo ha seretse se chesang (Martin o, Trinidad, Fernando de Khao Noronha). Latitudinal libaka molato sebakeng e ka tlasa seamounts.

Basin Brazil e arohane tloha sehlabeng se ka boroa ho Rio Grande tloha Argentina. thata haholo sebaka sa sehlabeng sa. seamounts motho tsoha ka holimo ho bokaholimo sehlabeng-joaloka.

karolong e ka bochabela o na le mofuta o mong oa orilla ka, e tšesaane, e bataletse-topped. Ho otlolla ka tsela meridian. Pakeng tsa thōko kontinenteng ea Amerika Boroa le sehlabeng se matha Wim - abyssal phuleng ena eo ka eona metsi a phallang ho tsoa botebong ba Argentina ka beisine ea Brazil. A karolo e itseng ea bohlokoa ea tlase ea Argentina o maqhubu thota. Bataletseng, e moqotetsane abyssal thota e teng ka bohale ka bophirimela ea beisine le e teng karolong e ka boroa ea kholo ka ho fetisisa accumulative U-shape - ka orilla Sapiola. sebopeho lona e amanang le ho tlisa nefeloidov le magweregwere tlase ho fetela ho Antarctic. Ka beisine Argentina ea seamounts kholo ha li le teng, leha ho le joalo, litšisinyeho tsa lefatše mexri Profiles fetisa boitsebiso boo le lithabeng tse 'maloa, bophahamo e lekanyelitsoeng fihla 2-2.5 dikhilomitha, patoa tlas'a mokato ea seretse.

Yuzhnoantilsky ntle theko - Ovodova kotombola, teng ka boroa ho Basin ea Argentina. African-Antarctic Basin larileng ka ka boroa, lipakeng tsa Antarctica le maporogo bohareng ba bo-leoatleng. Balletsweng moeli o pakeng tsa Leoatle la Indian le Atlantic etsoa ka bophara ke ° 20 ka. le d. Ho hlahloba moedi ena, feela karolong e ka bophirimela ea beisine le e sephara abyssal thoteng e bitsoang Weddell e teng Leoatleng la Atlantic. Tlisang liphallelo abyssal maralla tloaelehileng ea karolong e ka leboea ea beisine e.

Ke ka botebo ba Leoatleng la Atlantic ka karolong e ka bochabela ea sona?

Ea liphallelo ea mokatong leoatle e rarahaneng haholo le heterogeneous, entsoe ka likarolo tse ngata. Leoatleng la Atlantic ho na le mokhelo. betheng ea hae karolong e ka bochabela e tšoauoa ke boteng ba lateral kapa Azores-Biscay orilla drive Gorringe, ho hōlisa le Cape Verde Islands le Lihlekehlekeng Tsa Canary, Plateau Sierra Leone, Guinea le Whale orilla mphahamisetsa. Ba arola kaofela karolong e ka bochabela ea leoatle ho Bophirimela European (palo e kahodimodimo botebo - limithara tse 5023), Canary (limithara tse 6549), Iberian (limithara tse 5815), Sierra Leone (limithara tse 6040), Cape Verde (limithara tse 7282), Angolan (limithara tse 6050), Guinea (5215 limithara tse) le Cape (limithara tse 5457) beisine. Pakeng tsa Rockall, ka tlas'a metsi bophahamo le Iceland-Faroe Bophirimela European monyako ke sekoti.

West Basin European

Botebong ba beisine ea - hangata maralleng abyssal thota, feela Koung ea Biscay, hammoho le ho ea ka leboea-ka bophirimela ho eona a otlolla a bataletseng thoteng ea Bizkaia. Ka leboea ho ea tlase boroa slit kgolo abyssal Dolinoy Mori, eo bolelele e ka 3500 km SE. Ho morphologically tšoanang ho ea fihla phuleng Hazen. phuleng e tsamaea le holim'a e khōlō shafts accumulative, fihla ba bolelele ba limithara tse 50. Tse peli le leholo bokella liforomo ema tsoa karolong e ka leboea ea beisine e. Sena se 'sedimentary maporogo "Feni le Gardar. sebopeho bona e amanang le matla a ho kena Iceland-Faroe monyako sedimentary lintho tse bonahalang. Iberian sekoti, le mokhutšoanyane ka seemo, e hiriloe sebakeng se bataletseng sa bohareng karolo e itseng ea thota abyssal. Ka Biscay thota e amahanya khohlo Tet.

Ka boroa ho Basin le Iberian

Ea liphallelo ea tlase tsa Leoatle la Atlantic ho ea ka boroa ho Basin le Iberian e leketla sefapanong haholo. E susumetsoa ke ho ba teng ha ka mona ba orilla Gorindzh, le literata-ha seretse se chesang 'me sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie thabeng ea lebitso tšoanang, ho hōlisa Madeira le sehlopha sa seamounts tse ling. Likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa ea liphallelo ea leoatleng la Atlantic sebakeng seo hape e kenyeletsa ho ba teng ha sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie foqoha seretse se chesang tse ngata. Ka sebopeho sa phaphamala ka tlase ya Zelenomysskoy sekoti ebile o pharaletse Canaria (palo e kahodimodimo botebo ba limithara tse 6549) ka arotsoe likarolo tse tharo submeridional: bochabela, oceanic karolong e ka holimo ka hare eo e koahetsoe ka ho feletseng sloped thota maoto k'honthinente; karolelano abyssal lithoteng, a bataletse 'me e moqotetsane; roller bophirimela. Likarolo tsa thōko kontinenteng ya Afrika boetse ho na le seretse se chesang kotombola tsa Islands Canary (4 foqoha seretse se chesang - e mong oa bona) le sa Cape Verde Islands ka foqohang seretse se chesang a sebetsang. All ena le tse ling tletse lintho tse ngata ho teba ha Leoatleng la Atlantic.

lebelo le phahameng haholo (7-7,3 km SE / s) ya maqhubu a litšisinyeho tsa lefatše e fapana ho phahamisa Sierra Leone. Sena ke ka lebaka la selelekela ka karolong e ka holimo ultrabasic mafikeng hammoho le metamorphism matla a mafika ea cortex tse sa tšoaneng. Botebong ba libeisine tsena e le Guinea le Sierra Leone, a hapa lithoteng bataletseng, e pota-potiloe ke maralla abyssal. Botebo bo boholo depressions tsena ke ho latellana 5212 le 6040 limithara tse.

Cameroonian libaka molato

Wide bophahamo Guinean otlolla ka leboea-ka bochabela ho naha ena e sehlabeng seretse se chesang, se seholo le teng karolong e ka bochabela ea bohareng ba bo-Atlantic Ridge, haufi le Saint Helena. Cameroonian molato oa libaka ke ho fetisisa bath karolo ea mphahamisetsa ena. Le amana le mehaho e foqoha seretse se chesang seamount Shirshov le lihlekehlekeng Palanga, Principe, Sao Tome le Macias Nguema ,, Biyogo. Rift Valley ho feta otlolla ka hare ho k'honthinente ea Afrika. Cameroon, e foqohang seretse se chesang le mafolo-folo, 'me tse' maloa Central Sahrawi, har'a eo ho eona ho boetse ho na le liketso tse di amanang le e.

Angola Basin

Ea botlaaseng ba e larileng ka ka boroa-bochabela 'me ka boroa ho Guinea, ho hōlisa beisine Angolan hape thibetsoeng haholo le tšekamelo ea literene mosikong oa naha, ho akarelletsa le le leholo Congo maloanlahla khoune, e ka tlas'a metsi ya canyon. Group seamount sebakeng hukung e ka boroa ea Basin ea Angola. lithabeng tsena ba le botlaaseng ba tloaelehileng. The bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - ya Vyurst (bophahamo ba eona e mong ka uena ke ka 4 km).

Walvis orilla

Walvis Ridge - thabeng blocky sebopeho. Ho na le ho na le masakana a mararo tse khōlō, tse arohantsoe ke saddles. Whale orilla tšoauoa pantshisi-tse apical holim'a le matsoapo moepa. Tshwano apical holim amanang ho e kholo ( 'me mohlomong le ea ka sehloohong) lenaneng la lengolo la ka bokella limescale.

Cape Basin

Located boroa ho Walvis Cape Ridge Basin e tšoauoa ka 'nete ea hore mona e ntshetswa pele haholo ea liphallelo e abyssal maralla. Ho phaella moo, bolibeng ba Leoatle la Atlantic eachother mona haholo tsa lithaba ha seretse se chesang. Di concentrated haholo-holo ka karolo e ka boroa ea beisine e. Information lithabeng tseo sehlopha arola tloha beisine Cape Agulhas Basin. Agulhas e bone haholo-holo e le karolo ea bethe tsa Leoatle la Indian. Ho morphologically tšoanang le Basin sa Cape.

Hona joale ua tseba hore na mofuta ofe ya ho naha ea botlaaseng ba Leoatleng la Atlantic e na le ka nako eo. O butle fetola, le hoja liphetoho tse khōlō tse etsahalang butle haholo. Mora lik'honthinenteng tsohle ba hoholeha ka lebelo la feela ka 1-2 cm, ka selemo. dithulaganyo tse ling tse tlatsetsang ho eona, 'me tsoela pele butle haholo. Ka lebaka leo, likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa ea liphallelo ea mokatong Leoatleng la Atlantic lula re sa fetohe.

Seo e hlalosa litšobotsi tsa ea liphallelo ea Leoatleng la Atlantic?

Ke hobane'ng ha ho ea botlaaseng ba tlisang liphallelo ba ke hore na ke eng? 'Nete ke hore. Features hore na oa liphallelo oa mokatong leoatle, bo-rasaense ba hona joale ka khona ho hlalosa mabaka a itseng. Ka ho khetheha, Leoatleng la Atlantic ho lumeloang hore ho thehoa ka lebaka la karohano buleha e bohareng ea orilla sebakeng sa bohareng ba bo-Atlantic. le litšobotsi tsohle tsa sebopeho le sebopeho sa naha ea mokatong leoatle ka lebaka la ha e le hantle hore ka sehloohong 4 lipoleiti (Antarctic, Afrika, Eurasian le Amerika) di bona baa ba ile ba fallela.

Histori ea ho ithuta Leoatleng la Atlantic ile ea qala ka makhetlo a boholo-holo. Ho sa le joalo, botebo lona e sa leha ho le joalo ka botlalo ne a utloisisa. Ho ka etsahala hore histori ea Leoatleng la Atlantic e tla tsoela pele ho ithuta tse sibolotsoeng le lecha le thabisang.